scholarly journals Study on Climatic Variation and Its Effect on Vegetable Type Soybean Genotypes at Khumaltar, Lalitpur in the Last Ten Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Santosh Raj Tripathi ◽  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Jagat Devi Ranjit ◽  
Reshma Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Increase Soil Moisture

Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) is widely grown in the mid hills as intercrop with maize or in paddy bunds, while it is gaining popularity as sole crop in terai and inner terai. Mean temperature at Khumaltar during soybean growing period was mostly fluctuating; but we observed an increasing trend in temperature. Amount of rainfall was not changed dramatically but number of rainy days was decreased during study period. Rainfall during germination time increase soil moisture which also increase germination and found higher early stand. Days from sowing to 50% flowering and 90% maturity were short in the case of higher minimum temperature and low rainfall. Among the genotypes, AGS-377, AGS-378, AGS-379 and Tarkari Bhattmas-1 were more sensitive. However, seed yield decreased in the case of higher temperatures and low rainfall. Cool night temperatures and high moisture increased disease incidence in soybean which, eventually reduced yield. In last three years, plant suffered from moisture stress during early vegetative stage and high moisture during late vegetative stage which reduced seed yield and seed weight. In conclusion, we found that genotypes like AGS- 360, Sathiya and Tarkari Bhatmas-1 are very sensitive to climatic variation.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS ON UPTAKE AND RECOVERY OF TAGGED NITROGEN BY WHEAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. PAUL ◽  
R. J. K. MYERS
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Soil Moisture Stress ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
N Utilization

Labelled 15NH4NO3 was used in a growth chamber to study the effect of moisture stress on the utilization of nitrogen by wheat. This made it possible to determine the recovery of nitrogen (N) in the soil-plant system of two Chernozemic soils. Moisture stress effects were less evident in a clay soil than in a loam. Approximately 55% of the N utilized by the growing plants came from organic soil-N mineralized during the growing period. From 59 to 71% of the initial fertilizer plus soil mineral-N was utilized by the plants. Twenty to 36% remained in the soil, and 1 to 17% was lost. Losses were greatest in soils exposed to high moisture stress and were related to the residual NO3-N levels in the soil. They were attributed to denitrification. Immobilization of N was highest at low moisture stress where plant growth was the greatest, but mineralization was unaffected by the moisture stress applied. It was estimated that 5.0 to 6.2 kg N were required to produce 100 kg of wheat, the highest efficiency of N utilization being obtained at low soil moisture stress.

scholarly journals Genotypes x Environments Interaction of Soybean Lines in Various Shading Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Titik Sundari ◽  
G. W. A. Susanto ◽  
Novita Nugrahaeni ◽  
. Suhartina ◽  
. Purwantoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
High Weight ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Land Space

Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) planted in land space among stands of other crops especially forest trees experience shading stress due to less sunlight penetration. The objective of the study was to identify the performance and yield stability of soybean genotypes in various shading environments. Field research was conducted in 2018 on 15 soybean genotypes consisted of 12 promising soybean lines and three check varieties (Dena 1, Dena 2, and Grobogan) in 10 shading environments (cassava, maize, orange, teak, eucalyptus, oil palm, and no shading). Randomized block design and repeated four times was used in each location. Result of the study showed that the response of the genotypes to grain yield was significantly difference in each environment or location. Stability of genotypes were grouped into 3, namely 1 genotype classified as unstable and recommended for less optimal environments, 6 genotypes (5 promising lines and 1 check variety) which were classified as stable and adaptive in 10 test locations, and 8 genotypes (6 promising lines and 2 check varieties) classified as unstable in 10 test locations. Based on seed yield and yield components average, one line (Grob/Pander-395-2) had a high average seed yield (1.84 tha-1), high seeds weight per plant (14.8 g), high weight of 100 seeds (21.6 g), and stable in 10 location (indicated by non significant both regression coefficient and regression deviation). Therefore, Grob/Pander-395-2 could be recommended for being grown in shading environments across the country.

scholarly journals Combining Ability of Selected Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Parental Lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbemisola O. Otusanya ◽  
G. Chigeza ◽  
S. Chander ◽  
A.T. Abebe ◽  
O.O. Sobowale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
Hybridization Programme ◽  
Partial Diallel

Background: The success of hybridization programme depends on the combining ability of parental lines. Methods: Seven soybean genotypes and all their partial diallel crosses in the F2 generation were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at two locations in Nigeria, during the 2017-2018 growing season. Result: Analysis of variance showed that both environments and genotypes were significantly different for all measured traits. The genotype TGx 1988-5F was the best general combiner for earliness in flowering and poding, while TGx 1448-2E was the best general combiner for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant. Crosses having significant and positive specific combining ability effect for number of pods/plant and seed yield/plant were TGx 1485-1D × TGx 1448-2E and TGx 1988-5F × TGx 1989-19F, respectively. Genotypes TGx 1988-5F and TGx 1448-2E exhibiting good general combining ability for earliness and seed yield/plant, are thus, promising for utilization in the future hybridization programme for soybean improvement.

ANALYSIS OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS FOR AN ELEVEN-PARENT DIALLEL OF EARLY-MATURING SOYBEAN GENOTYPES IN EASTERN CANADA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. LOISELLE ◽  
C. A. ST-PIERRE ◽  
H. D. VOLDENG ◽  
P. TURCOTTE
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Maturity Groups

Information on the genetic behavior of early-maturing soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in northern latitudes is important for the formulation of appropriate selection schemes. The Gardner-Eberhart diallel model was used to study genetic effects and combining abilities of 11 early-maturing genotypes (maturity Groups 00 and 000) of soybean grown in Quebec and eastern Ontario. Agronomic characters were measured on spaced F1 plants at one site, and on F2 populations in replicated row plots at three sites. Cultivar (additive) effects were predominant for all characters. Three of eleven lines had positive but unstable varietal parameters for seed yield. Average heterosis was significant for seed yield and plant height at every location. Contrary to other reports, significant negative heterosis for oil content was observed at two locations. Varietal and specific heterosis were significant for most characters.Key words: Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., diallel, Gardner-Eberhart, yield, oil, protein

Responses of soybean genotypes to intercropping with maize in the Southern Guinea Savanna, Nigeria

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
C. U. Egbo ◽  
M. A. Adagba ◽  
D. K. Adedzwa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Location Interaction

Field trials were conducted in the wet seasons of 1997 and 1998 at Makurdi, Otukpo and Yandev in the Southern Guinea Savanna ecological zone of Nigeria to study the responses of ten soybean genotypes to intercropping. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design. The genotypes TGX 1807-19F, NCRI-Soy2, Cameroon Late and TGX 1485-1D had the highest grain yield. All the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values were higher than unity, indicating that there is great advantage in intercropping maize with soybean. The yield of soybean was positively correlated with the days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, pods/plant and leaf area, indicating that an improvement in any of these traits will be reflected in an increase in seed yield. There was a significant genotype × yield × location interaction for all traits. This suggests that none of these factors acted independently. Similarly, the genotype × location interaction was more important than the genotype × year interaction for seed yield, indicating that the yield response of the ten soybean genotypes varied across locations rather than across years. Therefore, using more testing sites for evaluation may be more important than the number of years.

Identification of novel haplotype of a cyst nematode resistance gene, GmSNAP18 in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Young Choi ◽  
Prakash Basnet ◽  
Hana Yoo ◽  
Neha Samir Roy ◽  
Rahul Vasudeo Ramekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Scn Resistance

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most damaging pest of soybean. Discovery and characterization of the genes involved in SCN resistance are important in soybean breeding. Soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) genes are related to SCN resistance in soybean. SNAP genes include five gene families, and 2 haplotypes of exons 6 and 9 of SNAP18 are considered resistant to the SCN. In present study the haplotypes of GmSNAP18 were surveyed and chacterized in a total of 60 diverse soybean genotypes including Korean cultivars, landraces, and wild-types. The target region of exons 6 and 9 in GmSNAP18 region was amplified and sequenced to examine nucleotide variation. Characterization of 5 haplotypes identified in present study for the GmSNAP18 gene revealed two haplotypes as resistant, 1 as susceptible and two as novel. A total of twelve genotypes showed resistant haplotypes, and 45 cultivars were found susceptible. Interestingly, the two novel haplotypes were present in 3 soybean lines. The information provided here about the haplotypic variation of GmSNAP18 gene can be further explored for soybean breeding to develop resistant varieties.

scholarly journals High Phosphorus Acquisition and Allocation Strategy Is Associated with Soybean Seed Yield under Water- and P-Limited Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Yun-Yin Feng ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Feng-Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
P Acquisition ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Water Treatments

Both water stress and P deficit limit soybean seed yield, but the effects of water regimes and P application rates, their interaction on P status, acquisition, and partitioning, and their roles in yield performance have not been well-studied. Two soybean genotypes (Huangsedadou (HD) and Zhonghuang 30 (ZH)) with contrasting seed yield and root dry weight (DW) were used to investigate the P status, P acquisition, P partitioning, and yield formation under two water regimes (well-watered (WW) and cyclic water stress (WS)) and three P rates (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg−1 dry soil). The results show that increased P and water supply increased the seed yield, shoot and root DW and P concentrations and accumulations in different organs. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher seed yield than HD at P60 and P120 under WS and at P0 under WW, but a lower seed yield at P60 and P120 under WW. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher P harvest index and P acquisition efficiency, but a significantly lower shoot and root DW than HD. The interaction between water treatments and P rates had significant effects on leaf and stem P concentration. Cultivar ZH had significantly lower P partitioning to leaves and stems but significantly higher P partitioning to seeds than HD. The seed yield was positively correlated with leaf and seed P accumulations and P acquisition efficiency under WS. We conclude that (1) adequate water supply improved the P mobilization from leaves and stems at maturity, which may have improved the seed yield; and (2) the high P acquisition efficiency is coordination to high P partition to seeds to produce a high seed yield under water- and P-limited conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of staygreen sunflower lines and their hybrids for yield under drought conditions

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardan J. Hilli ◽  
Shobha U. Immadi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Hybridization Programme ◽  
Spad Readings

Abstract The experimental material for the present study comprised of 28 inbred lines (including two checks) which were developed by mutation and hybridization among the lines from AICRP trials MARS, UAS, Dharwad and on the basis of SPAD readings and stay green nature, they were considered as drought tolerant lines. These lines were used for the present experiment and were evaluated under both normal and moisture stress condition in rain out shelter to study their root characteristics. Among 28 inbreds evaluated, eight inbred lines i.e. DSR-13, DSR-19, DSR-23, DSR-24, DSR-37, DSR-66, DSR-107 and DSR-132 were identified as drought tolerant nature which exhibited least reduction in their yield under moisture stress condition. Simultaneously hybridization programme was also initiated during summer 2018 using these 28 inbred lines as testers (males) and 5 CMS lines as female lines in Line × Tester fashion. Among 140 hybrids developed, only 40 F1 hybrid combinations were further analyzed for heterosis and combining ability studies along with four checks RHA 6D-1, RHA 95C-1, KBSH-53 and Cauvery Champ. Most of the hybrid combinations showed significant negative heterosis for flowering indicating earliness, and also all the combinations showed a positive heterosis for plant height indicating tallness dominant over dwarf checks. The combinations CMS 7-1-1 A × DSR-37 (624 kg/ha), CMS-853A × DSR-19 (624 kg/ha), and CMS-853A × DSR-23 (619 kg/ha) exhibited significant maximum heterosis for seed yield (kg ha−1) over the checks KBSH-53 (496.50 kg/ha) and Cauvery Champ (486.50 kg/ha) showing maximum seed yield per hectare.

The SCREENING OF HERBICIDES FOR EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF WEEDS IN SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar ◽  
Muhammad Ather Nadeem ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Amjed Ali ◽  
Nasir Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Moderate Relationship ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Little is known about best herbicidal weed option for weed eradication in soybean in agro-climatic circumstances of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. A two year field study was accomplished at College of Agriculture experimental site Sargodha in spring seasons of 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of different herbicides adjacent to major weeds present in soybean. The study consisted of 8 herbicide treatments including two pre-emergence herbicides (pendimethalin at 489.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin + S-metolachlor at 731.1 g a.i. ha-1) which are applied immediately after sowing and six post-emergence herbicides (oxyfluorfen at 237.1 g a.i. ha-1, metribuzin at 518.7 g a.i. ha-1, quizalofop-p-ethyl at 148.2 g a.i. ha-1, acetochlor at 741 g a.i. ha-1, halosulfuron at 37 g a.i. ha-1and topramezone at 21.5 g a.iha-1) which were used 25 days subsequent to sowing. In contrast to control, all herbicides have shown significant decline in weed density (up to 94%) and dry weight (up to 88%); and caused significant increases in plant height (up to 85%), pod bearing branches (up to 77%), number of pods per plant (up to 83%), 100-seed weight (up to 37%) and seed yield (up to 160%) of soybean. Among herbicides, topramezone at 21.5 g a.i ha-1 gave significantly the highest (1234 and 1272 kg ha-1 in the year 2018 and 2019) seed yield of soybean and HEIs (1.28 and 1.03 in year 2018 and 2019, respectively). However, oxyfluorfen at 237.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin + S-metolachlor at 731.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin at 489.1 g a.i. ha-1, quizalofop-p-ethyl at 148.2 g a.i.ha-1 followed it. The regression analysis depicted a significant negative moderate relationship of soybean seed yield with weed dry weight (R2 = 0.7074), and pods per plant (R2 = 0.7012) was proved to be the main yield component responsible for higher yield of soybean.

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