scholarly journals Designing Rice for the 22nd Century: Towards a Rice with an Enhanced Productivity and Efficient Photosynthetic Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2623-2634
Author(s):  
Rabin Thapa ◽  
Nabin Bhusal
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Large Population ◽  
World Population ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Global Food

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has been cultivated as an important cereal crop for more than 9,000 years and more than half of the world’s population depend on rice as it is their primary source of energy. Almost 30% of the current world cereal production is represented by the rice alone. It is estimated that the world’s population will reach 9.1 billion by 2050 i.e. 34 percent higher than today and for ensuring an ample amount of food and nutrition to such large population, global consumption of cereals will need to increase from 2.6 to 2.9 billion tonnes by 2027. On the other hand, the impacts of climate change in agriculture are expected to be negative, threatening the global food security. Besides, agriculture and global food security will be severely affected due to the COVID-19 pandemics as its after-effects are yet to be ascertained. The world needs an introduction of a new “Green revolution” in agriculture to increase crop production for food security and biofuel, because conventional breeding method have not brought much of gains not keeping its pace with the world population growth. Hence, the current study was done to review the various ongoing approaches and possible ways of designing a rice with enhanced productivity and photosynthetic capacity. One of the ways to increase yields, photosynthetic capacity accompanied by an increased Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Nutrient Use Efficiency could be to introduce C4 traits into rice. Besides, genetic engineering using CRISPR-Cas9, molecular breeding, developing ideotype, heterosis breeding, developing apomictic rice, nitrogen fixing rice, use of nanotechnology as well as precision farming are the probable future approaches for designing a rice with high productivity. However, there are challenges and limitations in developing such rice and further research in this matter could help us get closer to developing the future rice.

scholarly journals Redefining Global Food Security: Do we really have a Global Food Crisis?

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Percy M. Chimwamurombe ◽  
Charlie C. Luchen ◽  
Paidamoyo N. Mataranyika
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
World Population ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Global Food

With the Climate change effects becoming more and more undoubted in the world populations, the reality of food production trends taking a negative curve is clear. This bring up the questions of whether the farmers will be able to produce food for the sustenance of the world population or not? The rate of developing food shortage coping mechanisms in this regard is slower that the ravaging negative climate change effects of drought and floods on farm performance. This commentary has the aim of requesting a fresh discussion around the fundamentals of what is food, what is a food security and what is nutritional security? It is possible that the humanity has a perception that needs refocusing. This is a perception that some people may choose out of non-food safety issues not to eat certain foods while other however healthily eat such food. It therefore becomes hard to technically accept that food is in short supply for those the opt not to eat that which is edible.

scholarly journals Edible Insects and Global Food Security

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Fabio Verneau ◽  
Mario Amato ◽  
Francesco La La Barbera
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Central America ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Global Food ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

Starting in 2008 and lasting up until 2011, the crisis in agricultural and, in particular, cereal prices triggered a period of riots that spread from the Mediterranean basin to the rest of the world, reaching from Asia to Central America and the African continent. [...]

scholarly journals Global Food Security in a Pandemic: The Case of the New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

World ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-190
Author(s):  
Diosey Ramon Lugo-Morin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Food

The world is currently experiencing a pandemic: a virus in the family Coronaviridae is causing serious respiratory infections in humans. The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020. The outbreak began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread throughout the world. Despite measures taken by governments throughout the world to contain and control the spread, economic disruption at the global level is imminent and will affect all economic sectors, particularly the food sector. In a post-pandemic scenario, the use of new technologies will be decisive in a new model of food commercialization. The production and distribution of food will be configured to make supply chains optimal and safe systems. Against this background, the present study aims to explore and analyze the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for global food security.

scholarly journals Methodology for assessment of food security of countries

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Robert Jurczak
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The World ◽  
National Food Security ◽  
Global Food

A comprehensive assessment of national food security should include an analysis of the physical and economic accessibility of food, the level and quality of nutrition of the population, the sustainability and competitiveness of agriculture, factors and trends of self-sufficiency in the main types of agricultural products, raw materials and food and the effectiveness of foreign trade in food. To assess the food security situation at the state level, it is necessary to conduct monitoring, which consists in determining the deviations of the main indicators from the criteria and thresholds established at the national level. The monitoring should determine the format of the national report on the country's food security. The number of indicators that make up its basis, should be optimal and sufficient to reflect the level of food security of the country and compare them with the situation in other countries. At the same time, it is necessary to analyze trends in ensuring food security at the global level in terms of the progress of countries and regions of the world in achieving the goals of sustainable development in agriculture, the elimination of hunger and poverty for the period up to 2030.  Conducting a study of the components of the global food security index, formed at the world level to measure the policy and efficiency of government agencies in the field of food security, is relevant and in demand for positioning the country within the framework of international comparison of countries.

scholarly journals Crops that feed the world 6. Past successes and future challenges to the role played by maize in global food security

Food Security ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Shiferaw ◽  
Boddupalli M. Prasanna ◽  
Jonathan Hellin ◽  
Marianne Bänziger
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Global Food

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 on Fisheries Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
S Kanchana ◽  
S Rajamohan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Smooth Flow ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Food

Fisheries sector plays an important role in global food security. Fisheries industry is one of the fastest growing food sectors across the frontiers of nation. The coronavirus pandemic, which has been started in late 2019, is one of the devastating crises that has affected sectors of seafood especially fisheries industry. Fisheries industry is the most highly traded commodities all over the world. This paper highlights the impacts of covid-19 in Fisheries industry market, this study forms a basis from which to focus on the market conditions of the fisheries sector.  The purpose of this information paper is to update information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fisheries, especially in TAMILNADU region, there were many adjustments by governments and the private sector to the evolving situation of the coronavirus pandemic. There have been new challenges, as well as innovations by governments in order to ensure a smooth flow of production as well as consumption pattern of the consumers. The paper relies on information collected through secondary sources (e.g., media articles, newsletters of Tamil nadu fisheries department), and publicly available data.

scholarly journals Prospects of Genetics and Breeding for Low Phosphate Tolerance: an Integrated Approach from Soil to Cell

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Odilón Ojeda-Rivera ◽  
Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde ◽  
Héctor-Rogelio Nájera-González ◽  
Damar López-Arredondo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Global Food

Abstract Due to the importance of Phosphorus (P) on plant development and reproduction, global P security has emerged as a key factor towards global food security. Together with multiple agrochemicals, P-based fertilizers have become the pillars that sustain our food production systems. Therefore, improving the genetics and biology of key crops such as maize, rice, wheat and soybean to develop varieties better adapted to thrive under environments that present low phosphate (Pi) availability and that possess higher Pi-fertilizer use efficiency is imperative. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of Pi nutrition in plants, with particular focus on crops, and provide new perspectives on how to harness the ample repertoire of genetic mechanisms behind plant low-Pi adaptive responses that can be utilized to design smart low-Pi tolerant plants. We discuss on the potential of implementing more integrative, versatile and effective strategies by incorporating genome editing and synthetic biology approaches to reduce Pi-fertilizer input and enable global food security in a more sustainable way.

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