scholarly journals Influence of distributed medical education on pre-clerkship elective use and utility

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Yu ◽  
Andrew P. Costa ◽  
Aaron Jones
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Regional Campus ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
Mcmaster University

Purpose To explore differences in pre-clerkship elective (PCE) use and utility between main and regional campuses at McMaster University’s Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, in four main areas: ease of access to PCEs, volume and breadth of PCEs, helpfulness in choosing future specialties, and utility for clerkship preparation. Methods An anonymous and voluntary survey was distributed in early 2020 to McMaster University Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine’s medical students across all three years of study. Data were analyzed for any significant differences between main and regional campuses, and post-hoc sensitivity analyses were used to account for non-response and self-selection bias. Results Regional campus students felt significantly less frustration around PCE availability (2.88 vs 4.16, p<0.001, scale 1(least) – 5(most)) and significantly greater ease of PCE scheduling than students at the main campus (3.50 vs 2.24, p<0.001, scale 1(least) – 5(most)). Regional campus students explored significantly fewer specialties (5.19 vs 6.19, p = 0.049) and there was no significant difference in the total number of PCE hours undertaken, nor hours spent with a single specialty. Overall, students in both campuses endorsed pressure to take PCEs and mixed benefits of PCEs for clerkship preparation. Students also found PCEs to be an important part of choosing a specialty independent of campus. Conclusion Regional medical campuses at McMaster University offer generally equal opportunities for PCE volume and breadth as main campuses, but with significantly lower barriers and frustrations around scheduling and availabilities. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest to report.

scholarly journals Establishing Regional Medical Campuses to Ensure Comparable Experiences: Recommendations From a Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 238212052093661
Author(s):  
Julie S Byerley ◽  
Johanna H Foster ◽  
Gary L Beck Dallaghan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Schools ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Branch Campuses ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Regional Campus ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Medical Librarian

Background: Given increasing class sizes and desires to keep costs down, many medical schools are developing regional clinical campuses. We found our regional campus system to be very successful in allowing class size expansion, inspiring a workforce for the state, and concurrently allowing our students to individualize their experience. We desire to articulate our experience, with a review of the relevant evidence, with the goal of assisting other medical schools in their efforts to develop regional medical campuses. Methods: We conducted a narrative literature review to identify considerations for developing regional campuses, taking into consideration our experiences in the process. A medical librarian undertook a literature search for the purposes of this narrative review. Results: Of the 61 articles identified, 14 were included for full-text review. Five facets on branch campus development were identified: relationships, infrastructure, curriculum, recruitment, and accreditation. Within each of these facets we provide further details based on findings from the literature complemented by our experience. Conclusions: Launching a regional campus requires building relationships with clinical partners, ensuring an infrastructure that supports student need and accreditation, comparable curriculum with the same objectives and assessment measures, and aspects of the experience that inspire a student desire to learn in that setting. We share our experience in building successful branch campuses, which have added significantly to our large public school of medicine and its service to our state.

scholarly journals A Regional Campus Approach to Interprofessional Education for Healthcare Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Holland ◽  
Audra Butler ◽  
Pearl McElfish ◽  
Jonell Hudson ◽  
Leslie Jordan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Student Needs ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Regional Campus

The purpose of this report is to describe and discuss the development and implementation of an interprofessional educational (IPE) program for students on a regional medical campus. IPE is important in training the next generation of health care professionals. Regional medical campuses often have reduced IPE activities due to limited resources and their distance from their main campuses. However, regional campuses can also provide opportunities for innovative solutions to provide IPE learning experiences. This article demonstrated how one regional campus created innovative opportunities to meet student needs.

scholarly journals Editor's Note

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Johns
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
University Of Arkansas ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Regional Campus ◽  
The University

We are happy to publish our third issue of the Journal of Regional Medical Campuses. The response we have received has been excellent, both in numbers and quality of submissions. Our editorial board continues to meet regularly to discuss suggestions from our readers and future plans. Please continue to pass the word of our journal to your colleagues on our regional campuses.   I would like to acknowledge the article “Lessons learned through a partnership with Marshallese faith-based organizations to screen for hypertension and diabetes” by Dr. Pearl McElfish from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest Regional Campus. The program she describes was the winner of the 2017 AAMC Regional Medical Campus Star of Community Achievement Award. This award was presented at the GRMC Spring meeting in Washington, DC.   Alan Johns, MD, MEd Co-Editor, Journal of Regional Medical Campuses

scholarly journals Applicant Selection to a Regional Medical Training Program: A Structural Analysis of Interviewer Assessments

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Stratton ◽  
Carol Elam ◽  
Paula Arnett ◽  
Anthony Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Rural Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Characteristics ◽  
Academic Factors ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Regional Medical

Introduction:  For regional campuses with specific program foci, assessing applicant fit necessarily extends beyond academic and professional factors. Based on assessments of applicants to a regional Rural Physician Leadership Program (RPLP), this study explores the relationship of academic and socio-demographic factors with interviewers’ ratings of: (1) likelihood of eventually practicing in a rural area of the state; and (2) overall acceptability to medical school. Methods:  The study population consisted of 163 first-time RPLP applicants interviewed independently from 2009-2016 by two faculty members at both main and regional medical campuses.  Path analysis was used to calculate direct, indirect, and total effects of applicants’ socio-demographic and academic characteristics on interviewers’ composite ratings. This study protocol (#17-0198-X3B) was approved as exempt by the governing Institutional Review Board; the authors report no conflicts of interest. Results: The combined influence of being an in-state resident with rural Appalachian origins, combined with undergraduate GPA, explained 40.7% of the variance in applicants’ predicted likelihood of practicing in rural Kentucky. In terms of applicant acceptability, the strongest direct effects were exerted by academic factors, GPA and total MCAT score, and the sole preceding endogenous variable: likelihood of rural in-state practice.  However, two other background factors were modestly but significantly directly associated with overall acceptability:  (1) age; and (2) residence. Specifying likelihood of rural practice as an intervening variable explained 42.5% of the variance in applicant acceptability and provided a good fit to the sample data (X2 = 3.19, df = 4 , p = .526, CFI = 1.000, RLI = 1.018, RMSEA = .000). Conclusions: Interviewers appear to be assessing programmatic, mission-specific “fit” within the broader context of applicants’ abilities to navigate a demanding professional training curriculum. Future research should examine graduates’ eventual practice locations and intermediate academic performance as empirical validity of faculty interviewers’ assessments. Similarly, pre-professional pipeline efforts should better coordinate with training programs to provide consistent opportunities to nurture interest in mission-specific outcomes.

VP04 The Influence Of Sponsorship On The Treatment Effects Of Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
Chiara Arienti ◽  
Negrini Stefano ◽  
Bruno Da costa ◽  
Susan Armijo-Olivo
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Public Money ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionLimited public money is available for funding research and the majority of clinical research undertaken is funded by industry. Mechanisms to regulate conflicts of interest within the research process have been implemented. However, these policies by themselves do not protect against potential sponsorship bias that would affect research results to inform decision makers when using the results of these trials. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sponsorship bias on the treatment effects of RCTs.MethodsThis was a meta-epidemiological study. A random sample of RCTs included in meta-analyses of physical therapy (PT) area were identified. Data extraction including assessments of appropriate influence of funders was conducted independently by two reviewers. To determine the association between biases related to sponsorship biases and effect sizes, a two-level analysis was conducted using a meta-meta-analytic approach.ResultsWe analysed 393 trials included in forty-three meta-analyses. The most common sources of sponsorship for this sample of PT trials were government (n = 205, 52.16 percent) followed by academic (n = 44, 11.2 percent), and industry (n = 39, 10 percent). The funding was not declared in a high percentage of the trials (n = 85, 22 percent). The influence of the trial sponsor was assessed as being appropriate in 246 trials (63 percent) and considered inappropriate/unclear in 147 (37 percent) of them. There was a significant difference in effects estimates between trials with appropriate and inappropriate influence of funders (ES= 0.15; 95% CI -0.03, 0.33;). Trials with inappropriate/unclear influence of funders tended to have on average a larger effect size than those with appropriate influence of fundingConclusionsTreatment effect size estimates were 0.15 larger in trials with lack of appropriate influence of funders. Systematic reviewers should perform sensitivity analyses based on appropriateness of influence of sponsorship in included trials.

scholarly journals Teleneurology Teaching Service at a Rural Regional Campus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Taylor Beck ◽  
Leeandra B. Cleaver ◽  
Joshua D. Fuqua ◽  
Katlyn B. Clark ◽  
Rohit S. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Rural Medicine ◽  
Clinical Exposure ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Regional Campus

Regional rural medical school campuses offer many opportunities for medical students to gain more hands-on experience, have more direct interaction with attending physicians, and cultivate a deeper understanding of challenges and opportunities specific to rural medicine. Some specialty services such as neurology are not available at these small regional campuses, and telemedicine technology can be a valuable tool to address this need. We report the implementation of teleneurology stroke consultation services as part of the third-year neurology clerkship at a regional medical school campus. We analyzed daily clinical notes and student satisfaction surveys. Students saw many common and important presentations of cerebrovascular events. Students worked as part of a multi-disciplinary care team while following these patients through their hospital course with effective instruction provided by remote stroke neurologists. All students strongly agreed that telemedicine was a positive component of the clerkship. We  conclude that teleneurology is an effective way to provide inpatient neurology clinical exposure, especially when remote attendings have a strong screen presence and are enthusiastic about teaching. We believe these findings could be useful to other campuses considering similar teaching methods, as innovations in telemedicine continue to address challenges  in  medical education and clinical care. The authors have no conflicts of interest to report and the Baptist Health Madisonville Institutional Review Board found this study to be exempt.

scholarly journals Review of an Intensive Faculty Development Program Conducted at a Regional Medical Campus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Craig
Keyword(s):  
Faculty Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Faculty Development Program ◽  
Senior Faculty ◽  
Main Campus ◽  
Regional Campuses ◽  
Faculty Teaching ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
Regional Campus ◽  
Senior Faculty Member

Purpose: The process of attracting, training, and retaining adjunct clinical faculty can be a challenge for regional medical campuses. It is important to have a faculty development program that addresses the specific needs of community-based faculty members. However, there is a shortage of literature on how to best develop and deliver such programs at regional campuses. Objective: to describe the development and implementation of a comprehensive faculty development program at a regional medical campus. Method: An intensive faculty development program was developed at the regional medical campus of a large US Midwestern medical school. The faculty development program was directed by a senior faculty member at the regional medical campus working with a senior educator from the medical education office on the main campus. The program expanded the number of yearly faculty development workshops offered to all faculty at the regional campus and specifically included an intensive two-year program for 12 faculty teaching scholars. The two-year Teaching Scholars program entailed additional meeting sessions along with assignments, readings, and the scholars’ commitment to incorporate session content into practice. Results: Teaching scholars maintained regular session attendance. Self-assessed knowledge and skills in completing common teaching activities improved for participating faculty across the study period. All participating faculty rated the program good (18%) to excellent (82%) and all indicated they would recommend the program to colleagues. Conclusions: The described program can be accomplished by any regional medical campus working with faculty experts at the main campus. The financial costs of the program were minimal, and data from the program supported its benefits.

scholarly journals Differences in the Original Diagnostic Markers Including the "CRAB" Criteria in Multiple Myeloma Patients from Different Ethnicities: A Single Center Experience

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 5673-5673
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hatem Mattour ◽  
Joshua Vollstaedt ◽  
Philip Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Diagnostic Markers ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Determine if there are any differences in the original diagnostic markers, including the “CRAB” criteria, in Multiple Myeloma patients from different ethnicities. BACKGROUND: About 24,050 new cases of Multiple Myeloma are expected to be diagnosed in 2014. In a metropolitan institution, such as Henry Ford Hospital, newly diagnosed patients are drawn from multiple ethnic backgrounds. While several epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between race and values of several diagnostic markers (such as hemoglobin, creatinine and albumin), most of the research focused on molecular and genetic, as opposed to clinical, differences in patients from multiple ethnicities. Our study, therefore attempted to offer a more customized diagnostic approach to patients with newly diagnosed Multiple myeloma, based on their ethnicity, and to determine if there was a correlation between the patients' races and common diagnostic elements, including the CRAB criteria, at time of diagnosis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study. Data from 300 patients over 5 years (2007-2012) with newly diagnosed with Multiple myeloma was collected. Only 197 patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria and were included in the final analysis. The following data was extracted: Age at diagnosis, gender, diagnostic elements according to the CRAB criteria (serum Calcium, serum Creatinine, Anemia, Bone lytic lesions) at date of diagnosis, serum beta-2-microglobulin level, M-protein serum concentration, and whether Urine monoclonal protein excretion was present. The patients were divided into two groups by race: African American and Caucasian. An overall score was created by summing the incidence of each diagnostic marker. RESULTS: Categorical data was compared between the two groups using chi-square tests, and CRAB score was compared using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test due to its ordinal nature. Our study demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any of the components collected, or in the final total score CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference in the original diagnostic markers, including the CRAB criteria, in Multiple Myeloma Patients from Different Ethnicities presenting to our Institution.The effect of baseline cytogenetic characteristics on the diagnostic markers between multiple myeloma patients from different ethnicities is still not fully understood, and might be a factor that needs to be studied further. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION PROJECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND POVERTY AMONG RICE FARMERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
O. S. Balogun ◽  
M. A. Damisa ◽  
O. Yusuf ◽  
O. L. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Late Model

The study was carried out to examine the effect of agricultural transformation on the beneficiary’s productivity and poverty of rice farmers in Kano State Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 571 respondents for the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires on respondent’s income, input and output quantities as well as their expenditures. Data were analysis using descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT), Propensity score matching and LATE model. Results from the study shows that respondents productivity revealed a significant difference of about 127 kg/ha in rice productivity between participants and non-participants. Also, the LATE estimates revealed an average treatment effect ATE0 of about 222.98kg/ha. Furthermore, the project had a significant effect N11, 321.4 on the participant’s consumption expenditure than the non-participants N9980.60. Moreover, participants were, able to increase their household total expenditures by N34780 per annum. Fluctuations of input/output prices insect pests and inadequate extension visits were all the major constraints faced by the farmers. It was recommended that farmers’ information and sensitization system should be overhauled and improved. Also, attention should be given to well organize extension visits for the farmers from stake holders

Relapse After Early-Stage, Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma: Disease Characteristics and Outcomes With Conventional or High-Dose Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Paul J. Bröckelmann ◽  
Horst Müller ◽  
Teresa Guhl ◽  
Karolin Behringer ◽  
Michael Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Diagnosis

PURPOSE We evaluated disease and treatment characteristics of patients with relapse after risk-adapted first-line treatment of early-stage, favorable, classic Hodgkin lymphoma (ES-HL). We compared second-line therapy with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or conventional chemotherapy (CTx). METHODS We analyzed patients with relapse after ES-HL treated within the German Hodgkin Study Group HD10+HD13 trials. We compared, by Cox proportional hazards regression, progression-free survival (PFS) after relapse (second PFS) treated with either ASCT or CTx and performed sensitivity analyses with overall survival (OS) from relapse and Kaplan-Meier statistics. RESULTS A total of 174 patients’ disease relapsed after treatment in the HD10 (n = 53) and HD13 (n = 121) trials. Relapse mostly occurred > 12 months after first diagnosis, predominantly with stage I-II disease. Of 172 patients with known second-line therapy, 85 received CTx (49%); 70, ASCT (41%); 11, radiotherapy only (6%); and 4, palliative single agent therapies (2%). CTx was predominantly bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPP [68%]), followed by the combination regimen of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (19%), or other regimens (13%). Patients aged > 60 years at relapse had shorter second PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.0; P = .0029) and were mostly treated with CTx (n = 33 of 49; 67%) and rarely with ASCT (n = 8; 16%). After adjustment for age and a disadvantage of ASCT after the more historic HD10 trial, we did not observe a significant difference in the efficacy of CTx versus ASCT for second PFS (HR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3 to 1.6; P = .39). In patients in the HD13 trial who were aged ≤ 60 years, the 2-year, second PFS rate was 94.0% with CTx (95% CI, 85.7% to 100%) versus 83.3% with ASCT (95% CI, 71.8% to 94.8%). Additional sensitivity analyses including OS confirmed these observations. CONCLUSION After contemporary treatment of ES-HL, relapse mostly occurred > 12 months after first diagnosis. Polychemotherapy regimens such as BEACOPP are frequently administered and may constitute a reasonable treatment option for selected patients with relapse after ES-HL.

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