scholarly journals "An Alchemy of Heaven on Nature's Base": Intimations of the Universal Opus in the Integral Yoga and the Divine Life in Man in the Work of C. G. Jung

This comparative study addresses two main questions. First, considering the status of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother as spiritual teachers and Jung as a psychologist: might their respective views on transformation be too divergent to warrant comparison? Second, considering that one of the goals of the Mother’s and Sri Aurobindo’s yoga was the transformation of physical substance, could their relationship be viewed through an alchemical lens? The discussion begins with a comparison and differentiation of integral and analytic psychologies and a discussion of the nature of awakening in the two traditions, which leads to an extended amplification: “a method of association based on the comparative study of mythology, religion and fairy tales, used in the interpretation of images in dreams and drawings” (Sharp, 1991a, see entry under “amplification”), of the Mother and Sri Aurobindo’s relationship and yogic goals through analysis of the coniunctio motif in various alchemical traditions. Sri Aurobindo and the Mother are described as living symbols (in Jungian terms) of the union of divine masculine and feminine principles. A comparison of Sri Aurobindo’s and the Mother’s views on the supramental speciation and Jung’s on alchemical transformation follows. A final, personal reflection concludes the paper.

rahatulquloob ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2(2)) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Dr. Aziz ur Rehman Saifee ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Ishaq Alam ◽  
Prof. Dr. Ubaid Ahmed Khan

The present study sheds light on the disgrace of women over the centuries. The way this world has been treating and treats at present, women, and how different culture in context of religious has given the status is the focal points of this analysis. The present-day woman is not an embodiment of the slogans of liberty, equality and freedom. The present-day woman is what she was never before. The research investigates how this particular status has been a subject to the contrary practices of the above mentioned Slogans. Do Slogans embody the existence of women or they just create an allusion? The comparative study and analysis of women status in different religions’ and cultures pinpoints the actual physical mental, social and economic inequalities they have been suff-ering through. So the very idea of a liberated woman is the question the present study seeks to answer. Moreover, it explores what status Islam has given to women in real, and what misinterpretations are associate to their status. 


Author(s):  
Kseniya Yur'evna Vavilova

The subject of this research is the symbolism in the English and Russian fairytale tradition. The object is the texts of the Russian and English fairy tales. Analysis of the texts reveals the typical functions performed by symbols in both folklore traditions. The author provides the examples of symbols and offers the interpretation of objects-symbols, symbols-zoonyms, color and number symbols, time and space symbols. Comparative study of folklore heritage of non-cognate languages reveals the fundamental commonness of a particular folk genre of different peoples in their perspective upon reality, methods of depiction, and ideological interpretations. The scientific novelty consists in conclusions obtained in the comparative study of the symbolism of fairy tale texts in the Russian and British folklore, which is important for determination of linguistic, semiological and cultural universals. The comparative study of folklore material of two traditions in the sphere of the poetics of folklore reveals the traditional universals and unique features on the level of symbolism of the fairy tale genre. Within the framework of the article, the author analyzes the functionality of thematic, animalistic, color, spatial-temporal, and numerical symbols. The acquired results are underpinned by a large number of text examples.


Author(s):  
Menshykova O.S.

The article draws attention to appropriateness of the comparative study of emotions based on cinematographic database, especially German and Ukrainian dialogues in original telenovelas as a perspective linguistic bulk of the text (“Sturm der Liebe”, “Alisa – folge deinem Herzen”, “Wege zum Glück, Spuren im Sand”, “Тільки кохання”, “Дві матері”, “Обручка з рубіном” (12000 sentences, about 80000 words)).Every country adapts scripts of telenovelas according to its own cultural opportunities and nonverbal semiotic contexts. In spite of the fact emotive vocabulary for every script has ethnically specific features, analysing them it’s possible to make conclusions about the structure and scenario keynotes. The structure and scenario leitmotives have global and typical character. This fact determines the necessity to search standardized semantic number of leitmotives.On the basis of information provided by the analysis and certification of emotive vocabulary paying moiré attention to the status, frequency and the semantics of emotive nouns among other morphological categories. While choosing positive or negative charged lexemes, both denotative and konotative emotve breadths are considered. The given data is compared with the data from corpus studies and the dictionaries as for the frequency of Ukrainian and German languages. The article raises the problem of correlation between positive and negative emotives in sentences considering positive and negative emotions. Moreover, the reasons for large number of lexemes with positive semantics in negatively emotived statements (grammar features, context, nonverbal factors) are also considered by the author. According to qualitative analysis the synonymous line of positive and negative nouns for German and Ukrainian languages is qualified by semantic groups. It gives perspectives for further modelling of a movie dialogue in each developed language. The data as for the correlation between the number of emotive nouns and general number of emotive lexemes in both Ukrainian and German languages is considered. Due to statistic data it’s clear that Ukrainian part is twice as big as German, moreover it’s more full of emotive lexemes. Synonymous variation is also more spread in Ukrainian language than in German.Key words: emotions, negative / positive emotives, emotive nouns, semantic group, telenovelas. У статті розглядається питання доцільності компаративного дослідження емоцій на матеріалі кінемато-графу, зокрема кінодіалогу німецьких та українських оригінальних теленовел, як перспективного лінгвістичного масиву тексту («Sturm der Liebe», «Alisa – folge deinem Herzen», «Wege zum Glück, Spuren im Sand» і «Тільки кохання», «Дві матері», «Обручка з рубіном» (12 000 речень, близько 80 000 слів)).Кожна країна адаптує сценарій теленовели під можливості своєї лінгвокультури та невербальних семіо-тичних контекстів. Хоча вибір емотивної лексики для кожного сценарію має етноспецифічні риси, у ході аналізу можна дійти висновку, що побудова та сценарні лейтмотиви мають глобальний і типізований характер, що зумовлює необхідність пошуку стандартизованих семантичних наборів емотивів.На базі поданого матеріалу проведено аналіз і паспортизацію емотивної лексики з фокусом на статус, частотність і семантику емотивних іменників серед інших морфологічних класів. У відборі позитивно чи негативно заряджених лексем враховуються як денотативна, так і конотативна емотивність. Отримані дані зіставляються з даними корпусних досліджень і словників частотності української та німецької мов. У статті розглядається проблема співвідношення позитивних і негативних емотивів у реченнях на позначення позитивних і негативних емоцій і причини наявності великої кількості лексем із позитивною семантикою в негативних емотивних висловлюваннях (граматичні особливості, контекст, невербальні фактори). За даними якісного аналізу синонімічний ряд позитивних і негативних іменників для німецької та української мов класифіковано за семан-тичними групами, що надає перспективи подальшого моделювання прототипу кінодіалогу в кожній із досліджуваних мов. Наведено дані щодо співвідношення кількості емотивних іменників і загальної щільності емотивних лексем у німецькій та українській мовах. За результатами статистичних підрахунків бачимо, що українська вибірка вдвічі більше насичена емотивними лексемами, ніж німецька. Синонімічна варіативність української мови також превалює над німецькою.Ключові слова: емоції, негативні / позитивні емотиви, емотивні іменники, семантична група, теленовела.


2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1033-1042
Author(s):  
Shoira Rustamovna Usmanova

In recent years, interdisciplinary research, including folklore, ethnography, linguoculturology and other disciplines, has been expanding. The complex study of materials related to various sciences ensures the complementarity of the fields of science, contributes to a deeper and more systematic understanding of the phenomena of language and culture. In particular, the comparative study of the specific motives and methods in the discourse of mythological traditions and fairy tales in folklore texts serves to determine the way of thinking, mentality and imagination of different peoples. This article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of metamorphosis, which is reflected in the folklore of the peoples of the East. Metamorphosis is the transformation of any being or thing, form or species into a new, different form and type, as well as an unusual change in something. Metamorphoses rely on the most ancient mythopoetic ideas and reflect their unique characteristics. The article comparatively studies the application of the method of metamorphosis in the myths, legends, epics and fairy tales of the peoples of the East, the universal and different aspectsof metamorphoses. The types of metamorphoses, their ways of occurrence, causes, factors and peculiarities are also described.


Numen ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe Sinding Jensen

AbstractA comparative study of religion rests on comparison and generalization. Both require that the object of study, the subject matters of various religions have something in common - certain properties that warrant their juxtaposition in analyses. If they had nothing in common, "the study" of religion would not make any sense. But it seemingly does, thus "religions" presumably form a subject matter with certain regularities. Such regularities may be "emic universals" on the level of socio-cultural formations and they may be "etic universals" on the levels of the analysts' stock of general terms - and the two levels are connected. This article focuses mainly on the role of universals as general concepts in method and theory, i.e., on the status and use of etic level generalizations such as models, maps, metaphors that are constructed in order to explain and make sense, as general terms, of emic level entities, properties, functions, structures etc. The last part concerns the use of universals in four modes of comparison of material, cognitive and symbolic matters.


Manuskripta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Novarina Novarina

Abstract: This research is a comparative literary study that uses Malay and Javanese versions of Mahabarata text sources. The research objects used were the text edition of Pandhawa Gubah (PG) by Sudibjo Z. Hadisutjipto and the text of Cheritera Pandawa Lima (CPL) by Khalid Hussain. The research method used is descriptive-analysis method. In the comparative study used a comparative literary theory proposed by Endraswara (2011). The results of the text comparison reveal the similarities and differences in the image of Bima figures in the Javanese and Malay versions. The equation as a whole is that both texts contain the same heroic storyline and heroic character, Bima. In addition, Indian influence is still evident in the two texts seen from the nuances of Hinduism that exist in both texts. While the difference is seen in the events that accompany Bima's struggle in achieving his victory. Based on these similarities and differences, it can be seen that the authors attempt to represent the concept of metaphysical interactions vertically and horizontally expressed through PG text. --- Abstrak: Penelitian ini adalah satu kajian sastra bandingan yang menggunakan sumber teks Mahabarata versi Melayu dan Jawa. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah edisi teks Pandhawa Gubah (PG) karya Sudibjo Z. Hadisutjipto dan teks Cheritera Pandawa Lima (CPL) karya Khalid Hussain. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif-analisis. Dalam telaah perbandingan digunakan teori sastra bandingan yang dikemukakan Endraswara (2011). Hasil perbandingan teks mengungkapkan adanya persamaan dan perbedaan citra tokoh Bima dalam versi Jawa maupun versi Melayu. Persamaan secara keseluruhan adalah kedua teks tersebut mengandung alur cerita kepahlawanan dan tokoh pahlawan yang sama yaitu Bima. Selain itu, pengaruh India masih tampak dalam kedua teks tersebut dilihat dari nuansa Hinduisme yang ada dalam kedua teks. Sementara perbedaannya tampak pada peristiwa-peristiwa yang menyertai perjuangan Bima dalam mencapai kemenangannya. Berdasarkan persamaan dan perbedaan tersebut tampak adanya upaya penulis untuk merepresentasikan konsep interaksi metafisik secara vertikal dan horizontal yang diungkapkan melalui teks PG.


2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-224
Author(s):  
ʿĀʾiḍ B. Sad Al-Dawsarī

The story of Lot is one of many shared by the Qur'an and the Torah, and Lot's offer of his two daughters to his people is presented in a similar way in the two books. This article compares the status of Lot in the Qur'an and Torah, and explores the moral dimensions of his character, and what scholars of the two religions make of this story. The significance of the episodes in which Lot offers his daughters to his people lies in the similarities and differences of the accounts given in the two books and the fact that, in both the past and the present, this story has presented moral problems and criticism has been leveled at Lot. Context is crucial in understanding this story, and exploration of the ways in which Lot and his people are presented is also useful in terms of comparative studies of the two scriptures. This article is divided into three sections: the first explores the depiction of Lot in the two texts, the second explores his moral limitations, and the third discusses the interpretations of various exegetes and scholars of the two books. Although there are similarities between the Qur'anic and Talmudic accounts of this episode, it is read differently by scholars from the two religions because of the different contexts of the respective accounts.


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