scholarly journals Comparison of Some Physiological Parameters in Female Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Pre- and Postmenopausal Stages

2020 ◽  
pp. 1926-1931
Author(s):  
Noorhan H. Yousif ◽  
Shaima R. Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Premenopausal Patients ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Postmenopausal Female

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that is highly prevalent, leading to gradual cartilage distraction, and therefore is important to diagnose in the early stage. This study aimed to estimate the level of rheumatoid factor (RF) and Anti-citrullinated protein (Anti-ccp) in the serum of female patients. We also investigated several female reproductive hormones in the patients and compared their levels in the premenopausal and postmenopausal phases. The study included 88 female subjects, 50 suffering from signs of rheumatoid arthritis who were attending AL-Yarmouk teaching hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, and 38 without clinical signs of RA as a control group. The ELISA technique was used to estimate all the studied parameters. The results showed a significant elevation in the levels of RF (103.6 ± 227.0 vs. 22.1 ± 111.0 U/ml) and Anti-ccp (158.0 ± 170.0 vs. 0.51 ± 1.69 U/ml) in patient’s serum as compared to the control. The percentage of overweight and obese patients was higher than that of those with normal weight. Also, the current results showed significant differences in the serum concentrations of the reproductive hormones between the premenopausal and postmenopausal phases in the patients group. The level of FSH in postmenopausal female patients was higher than that in premenopausal ones (33.5 ± 17.9 vs. 9.01 ± 9.31 U/ml). Also, the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the postmenopausal patients was higher than that in the premenopausal patients (26.4 ± 12.3 vs. 12.7 ± 10.2 U/ml). While the level of prolactin (PRL) in RA postmenopausal female patients was lower than that in the premenopausal patients (8.60 ± 7.07 vs. 14.8 ± 10.6 ng/ml). In addition, the level of Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) in post-menopausal patients was lower than that in the pre-menopausal ones (0.034 ± 0.023 vs. 0.635 ± 0.683 ng/ml). Finally, the concentration of estradiol (E2) in the post-menopausal female patients was lower than that in the pre-menopausal ones (32.9 ± 18.6 vs. 76.5 ± 43.6 ng/ml).

Markers of the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-314
Author(s):  
Beata Polińska ◽  
Joanna Matowicka-Karna ◽  
Halina Kemona
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
Peptide Antibodies

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune connective tissue disease of unknown etiology. RA affects about 1% of the human population, women suffer three times more often than men, with the peak incidence between the age of 40 to 50. The up-to-date criteria from 2010 for the diagnosis of RA include: occurrence and duration of clinical signs, indicators of inflammation and serological tests. Neopterin, a protein released by macrophages, is a sensitive indicator of inflammation and the severity of RA. Regarding the serological tests, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies represent a well-known marker with the specificity for RA of about 98%. The antibodies may be present in the serum of patients even a few years before the first clinical signs of the disease, heralding erosive changes in the joints and more severe course of RA. The literature also contains reports about autoantibodies anti-CarP and anti-Sa/ anti-MCV, which may occur in people with pain and swelling of joints and precede full-blown development of RA as well as reflect disease activity. Serological diagnosis of RA may be supported by some genetic tests based on PCR for detecting mutations e.g. C1858T in the PNPN22 gene. In turn, the quantitative analysis of different classes of miRNAs seems justified in order to better classify patients showing symptoms of RA. Further studies are needed that take into account the role of different markers in the development of RA, and confirm the high sensitivity and specificity of these markers in the diagnosis of the disease.

scholarly journals Psychological Prophylaxis of Eхogenous Constitutional Obesity of Adolescents with Social Psychological Factors, Taken into Account

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
TI I Kireeva
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
Eating Style ◽  
Definition Of

Aim - psychological prevention of development of exogenous-constitutional obesity on the basis of the definition of early diagnostic socio-psychological criteria for the risk of obesity in adolescents. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 1. The sample of the study consisted of 40 adolescents, 20 of whom had a diagnosis of "Exogenous-constitutional obesity", grade 3-4 (the clinical group), while the other 20 adolescents had normal weight (the control group). The following psychodiagnostic methods were used in the study: the test of character accentuation by K. Leonhard, S. Schmieschek, the Dutch food questionnaire, the test "Adolescents about Parents" (ADOR), the method of directed retrospective analysis on "My Relations with Food" topic by V.I. Shebanova. Results. Adolescents with obesity are characterized by high sensitivity, empathy, a tendency for prolonged experience of grievances, suspicion, mistrust, emotional discomfort. In the families of adolescents with obesity, there is a cult of food, which negatively affects the formation of eating behavior. Adolescents with obesity are prone to emotionally dependent eating behavior. The social-psychological risk factors for obesity in adolescents are stuck and emotional character accentuations, low level of restrictive eating behavior, lack of intimacy with the mother, mother’s hostility and domination. Conclusion. Knowledge of the identified factors allows to predict the risk of obesity in adolescents at the early stage of weight gain and to carry out its timely prevention by correcting the characterological features, parent-child relationships and eating style in the family.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Proprioceptive Exercises Programme on Disease Activity and Gait Biomechanical Parameters of Post-Menopausal Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Aleixo ◽  
Tiago Atalaia ◽  
José Vaz Patto ◽  
João Abrantes
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
Post Menopausal

This study aimed to assess the effects of a proprioceptive exercises programme on disease activity and on ankle kinematic and kinetic parameters of post-menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-seven post-menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis were allocated to exercise group (n = 15) or control group (n = 12). Exercise group intervention: proprioceptive exercises (12 weeks; 3 one-on-one workouts/week; 30 min/workout). Control group intervention: stretching exercises (12 weeks; 1 one-on-one workout every two weeks; 30 min/workout). Disease Activity Score (28 joints) was used to assess disease activity. A 3D motion analysis system (9 cameras, 200 Hz) and a force plate (1000 Hz) were used to collect kinematic and kinetic data during a barefoot walking at self-selected speed. For each subjects’ foot, 7 trials of the stance phase were collected. One subject withdrawal was registered in exercise group. Post-intervention, exercise group’ subjects yielded higher gait speed, shorter stance phase, shorter controlled dorsiflexion sub-phase, and higher ankle power peak (p < 0.05), however, they showed no differences in Disease Activity Score, ankle moment of force peak, and variability of biomechanical parameters; control group’ subjects showed no differences in all parameters. Proprioceptive exercises seemed to be a safe option to gain gait biomechanical improvements in post-menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis.

Predictors of atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad ◽  
Garg ◽  
Dhar ◽  
Srivastava ◽  
Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Atherosclerosis is emerging as an important complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with coronary artery disease being projected as the major cause of mortality in these patients.This study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis and to identify the risk factors of atherosclerosis in patients with RA. Patients and methods: All consecutive in- and out-patients of rheumatoid arthritis (n = 100) irrespective of the disease duration were included in the study. A group of 100 age and sex matched controls were also studied. Increased carotid intima media thickness (beyond the 75th percentile for age and sex), presence of plaques, ankle brachial pressure index and QT dispersion were deemed as non-invasive measures of atherosclerotic burden. Results: Fifty patients (50.0 %) with RA had evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis as compared to the control group (n = 11, 11 %); plaques were observed in 26 patients. Eighteen (36 %) of these developed this evidence within 1 - 5 years of disease onset. Low HDL levels among the conventional risk factors and advanced patient age, longer disease duration, greater number of involved joint areas, steroid use and indices of inflammation in particular in RA, were associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Sustained inflammation was observed throughout the sub-group with atherosclerosis irrespective of the disease duration. Conclusions: RA is a pro-atherogenic state with the process of atherosclerosis initiated in the early stage of the disease. Besides the traditional risk factors, sustained inflammation contributes to atherogenesis.

scholarly journals Androgens as adjuvant treatment in postmenopausal female patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

1996 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 811-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Booji ◽  
C M Biewenga-Booji ◽  
O Huber-Bruning ◽  
C Cornelis ◽  
J W Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Postmenopausal Female

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY ARTERIES DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
V.M. Zhdan ◽  
V.G. Lebid ◽  
H.S. Khaimenova ◽  
Yu.A. Isheikina
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Rays

Now health care professionals who manage patients and stick to holistic patient-cantered approach are facing the problem of “polymorbidity”. The most common conditions complicating rheumatic diseases are cardiovascular diseases, interstitial lung disease, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, malignancies and depression. Despite the success in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the mortality rate in this category of patients remains higher than in the general population. This is associated with the acceleration of atherosclerosis progression and the early-age onset of coronary arteries disease. Therefore, rheumatoid arthritis is considered as a predictor of coronary arteries disease. The incidence of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and sudden coronary death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is found to be 3 to 5 times higher than in the general population. The purpose of the present study was to estimate and evaluate comorbidity status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The study was performed at the at the Regional Medical and Diagnostic Centre of Rheumatologic Diseases, M.V. Sklifosovskyi Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital, which is the clinical base of the Department of Family Medicine and Therapy, Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy. The study included 135 patients with rheumatoid arthritis aged 32 – 65, who made up the main group. The control group consisted of 30 patients without autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions and other diseases in acute phase. All patients stated the consent to participate in the study in writing. During the study, all the participants passed through clinical examination including blood tests, urine tests, blood biochemistry, electrocardiography, echocardiography, X-rays of the joints, and ultrasound examinations (by using an apparatus of class “Radmir ultima”). 68.2% of the patients in the main group suffering from rheumatoid arthritis were found out to have different comorbidities compared with the control group. Cardiovascular diseases and especially coronary arteries disease were detected in 42.3% of cases and found out as the most prevalent comorbid diseases in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We also revealed the high prevalence of dyslipidemia (73, 4% of cases). It is necessary to underline that 75% of patients in the main group were diagnosed to have even 2 or more comorbidities. According to the results obtained, the majority of the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis have comorbidities, which can seriously affect the course of rheumatic diseases and influence the treatment. Management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and comorbid conditions should be supported by rheumatologists, family doctors, internists in order to evaluate all polymorbidities in their interactions and to provide proper assistance for patients in making their therapeutic course decisions. Of course, this requires novel data from experts to improve diagnostic and treatment approaches of rheumatoid arthritis in its early stage.

Utilization of longitudinal ultrasound measurements to quantify changes in knee joint synovial vascularity in a rabbit model of rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Shuqiang Chen ◽  
Qing Zheng ◽  
Yuhong Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Morphology ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Objective: This study of rabbits with ovalbumin-induced arthritis (OIA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), examined the time course of changes in synovial neovascularization based on imaging from power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).Methods: 25 male New Zealand rabbits were in the OIA group and 5 were in the control group. Both rear knee joints of all rabbits were examined using conventional US and CEUS over 16 weeks. The knee synovia of OIA rabbits were sampled by US-guided biopsy, and the expression of CD31 and VEGF were determined by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of microvessel density (CD31 positivity) and VEGF at different times was analyzed using multimodal US.Results: OIA rabbits had increased synovial expression of CD31 and VEGF from week 6 to 12 (P<0.01). During the early stage of CEUS enhancement, dot enhancement was more common on weeks 6 and 8, and strip enhancement was more common on weeks 12 and 16 (P<0.05). There were significant positive correlations of synovial CD31 and VEGF expression with PDI grade, CEUS grade, and peak intensity (PI) (P<0.05 for all).Conclusions: OIA rabbits mimicked early-stage RA at 4 to 8 weeks, middle-stage RA at 8 to 12 weeks, and late-stage RA at 12 to 16 weeks. PDI, CEUS, and PI, especially when combined with CD31 expression, accurately characterized the extent of synovial vascularization. Increased vascular morphology based on CEUS may have value for the early diagnosis of RA.

scholarly journals Predictors of Radiographic Erosion and Joint Space Narrowing Progression in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Per Rydell ◽  
Kristina Forslind ◽  
Jan-Åke Nilsson ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
Kristina E Åkesson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Joint Space Narrowing ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Early Ra ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Hands And Feet

Abstract Background Radiographic damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) includes erosions and joint space narrowing (JSN). Different mechanisms may underlie their development. The objective of this study was to evaluate predictors of these entities separately. Methods Consecutive early RA patients (symptom duration ≤12 months) from a defined area (Malmö, Sweden) recruited during 1995–2005 were investigated. Radiographs of hands and feet were scored by a trained reader according to the modified Sharp-van der Heijde score. Fat mass and lean mass distribution were measured at baseline using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Potential predictors of erosion- and JSN progression from inclusion to the 5-year follow-up were evaluated.Results Two hundred and thirty-three patients were included. Radiographs at baseline and 5 years were available for 162 patients. The median (interquartile) progression of erosion and JSN scores were 4 (0-8) and 8 (1-16), respectively. Rheumatoid factor (RF) was a robust significant predictor of both erosion- and JSN score progression. In adjusted analyses, anti-CCP antibodies predicted erosions while the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was predictive of both outcomes. Smoking, high levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (>12 U/L) and high baseline disease activity (DAS28 >5.1) predicted progression of erosions. Baseline erosion score was associated with progression of both erosion- and JSN progression, while baseline JSN score was predictive only of the progression of JSN. Overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25kg/m2) was a significant negative predictor of JSN score progression (ß= -0.14, p= 0.018, adjusted for RF, age, baseline JSN score) also when additionally adjusting for ever smoking (p= 0.041). Among female patients, this effect was observed in those of estimated post-menopausal age (>51 years), but not in younger women. The truncal: peripheral fat ratio was associated with less JSN score progression in women, but not in men. Conclusions Overweight RA patients had less JSN progression, independent of smoking status. This effect was seen in particular among older women (mainly post-menopausal), but not younger. Truncal fat was associated with less JSN progression in female patients. Smoking predicted erosion progression, and erosions may precede JSN. BMI and fat distribution may influence cartilage damage in early RA and might be related to hormonal factors.

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