scholarly journals Some Clinical and Inflammatory Aspects of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection among Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 4649-4666
Author(s):  
Zainab Rasheed Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Harith Saeed Al-warid
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Immunological Parameters

     Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis and its relation to some diseases have lately had much attention.  The objective of this study was to assess the infection rate of T. vaginalis and its relation to pelvic inflammatory diseases, infertility, and vaginosis. The study also assessed some demographic, clinical, and immunological parameters in women infected with T. vaginalis. The study included 160 non-pregnant married women who attended some private clinics and public hospitals in Baghdad from October 2020 to February 2021. All participants had symptoms of vaginal discharge only or vaginal discharge with lower abdominal pain. The participants were divided into an infertility group (n = 61) and fertility group (n = 99). The participants were also divided into Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) group (n=41) and non-PID group (n=119). All participants underwent vaginal examination. Vaginal swabs were taken from all participants for T. vaginalis, bacteria, yeast, clue cell, pH, and vaginal leukocyte examinations. Sera were also taken to measure both IL-1α and IL-8 using sandwich ELISA technique to compare them with apparently healthy control subjects who had no vaginal discharge. The study revealed that the total infection rate of T. vaginalis was 14.37%. The results showed no significant relations  between T. vaginalis positive status and each of age, infertility, vaginosis, contraceptive use, and high BMI. While a significant relation (P=0.03) was noticed between T. vaginalis positive status and PID. Women with PID exhibited a higher infection rate with T. vaginalis (24.39%) versus non PID women (10.92%). High clue cells number was not significantly related to T. vaginalis positive status, only if both PID and vaginosis were considered in the statistical analysis. In addition, high leukocytes count was not related to T. vaginalis positive status. While abnormal vaginal pH was significantly (P=0.01) related to T. vaginalis positive status. Finally, the levels of both IL-1α and IL-8 were noticed to be declined in women who had T. vaginalis infection, although they were not declined significantly. This study gives an insight about some clinical aspects of T. vaginalis infection among PID women. T. vaginalis is highly predictable in women with PID. Consequently, attention and more investigation would be needed on this topic in Iraq.

scholarly journals Per-vaginal Findings among the Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Tahamina Khanum ◽  
Nasima Begum ◽  
Kazi Mobina Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Cervical Motion ◽  
Cervical Motion Tenderness

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a major health problem for adult female. Women presented with pelvic inflammatory diseases give different per-vaginal findings. So we designed this study to assess the per-vaginal findings among the women presented with pelvic inflammatory diseases.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to measure the pervaginal findings among the women with PID.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Dhaka Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka during January to June 2007. Women in the age group of 15−45 years presented with lower abdominal pain, tenderness, per-vaginal discharge and cervical motion tenderness were included in this study. After taking verbal consent from the patients, a pre-designed data collection sheet was filled in after per-vaginal examination.Results: The study was done on 50 cases, of which 20% patients had 1st degree perineal tear, 6% had utero-vaginal prolapse and 24% had foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Majority (90%) patients had healthy vagina. Ninety percent patients had anteverted uterus; and uterus was mobile in 60% cases. Cervical motion tenderness was present in 44% cases, tenderness of fornix was found in 34% cases and thickening of fornix was found in 22%.Conclusion: In this study first degree perineal tear, foul smelling vaginal discharge and cervical motion tenderness are the commonest findings among the women presented with pelvic inflammatory diseases.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 90-93

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Trichomonas Vaginalis in Married females

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0E) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Suha A. Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Contraceptive Pills

The aim of this study was to identify the main risk factors with Trichomonas vaginalis infection in married women that have vaginal discharge. The study include (250) female who attended Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital (Gynecological Clinics), through the period from February 2010 to July 2010.Patients female were subjected for a special questionnaire sheet. The study has found that (65) females were infected with this parasite from total (250), who were complaining from vaginal discharge with infection rate 26%.Higher infection rate was recorded between pregnant female was 17.2% while non-pregnant women 8.8% .The main age group of infected women concentrated in (20-29 years) in which rate were 12.83% and 11.76% in pregnant and non-pregnant women respectively.According to educational level and socio-economic status, the study recorded higher percentage 50.76% between illiterate women and with low socio-economic status 63.07%.The highest infection with Trichomonas vaginalis obtained from women with white to gray discharge 58.46% and with bad odor 81.53%.Depending on residency, in rural residence the high percentage of infection were recorded 63.07% while comparing with urban 36.93%.Considering to contraceptive types which used by women 47.69% for IUDs, followed by 32.31% for contraceptive pills and low percentage for condom 20%.

The ways to ameliorate the efficiency of treatment for women with pelvic inflammatory disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
I.V. Lakhno ◽  
◽  
A.E. Tkachov ◽  
O.V. Grischenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

The inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs are known to be one of the important problems of modern gynecology, which is due to the high frequency of chronicity of the process and a large number of complications. The article provides a theoretical and practical substantiation of the use of the drugs Rheosorbilact and Grandazol to increase the efficacy of empirical therapy in patients with acute salpingo-oophoritis. The objective: study of the effectiveness of the use of hyperosmolar combined solution of sorbitol with a balanced content of electrolytes for low-volume infusion therapy (Rheosorbilact) and a solution of levofloxacin 2.5 mg and ornidazole 5 mg (Grandazole) in the treatment of women with acute PID. Materials and methods. Totally 98 women of reproductive age were examined and divided into three clinical groups. The I (control) group included 30 healthy women. In group II (comparison), 33 patients with acute bilateral adnexitis were included, who were prescribed traditional treatment. In group III (main) group, there were 35 women who were additionally prescribed Rheosorbilact and Grandazole was used as an antibacterial agent. Results. A survey of women with acute bilateral adnexitis found that among all clinical characteristics the most common were: lower abdominal pain (89.7%), abnormal vaginal discharge (88.2%), and fever (83.8%). The variables of the level of C-reactive protein, the number of leukocytes, and the value of the resistance index in the ovarian arteries were elevated in the study population before treatment, respectively: 52.4±8.3 mg/l, 11.8±2.2×109/l, 1.4±0.2, which differed from the control values (p<0.05). The study of the pseudo-R2 Nagelkerke confirmed the relationship between increased resistance index and lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal discharge and fever with high sensitivity (88,2%) and insufficient specificity (60.4%). Thus, in women with acute salpingo-oophoritis, the presence of inflammatory symptoms (even in the absence of Doppler data) is an indication for the use of infusions of vasotrophic drugs with the hemorheological action.The priority effect of this method of treatment was the optimization of hemodynamics in the large vessels of the small pelvis, which provided the effective delivery and accumulation of antibacterial drugs in the inflammation focus. Conclusion. The specified combination of drugs Rheosorbilact and Grandazole has demonstrated the maximum clinical effect, which justifies the possibility of widespread use of this method of therapy. Keywords: inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, Doppler ultrasound, treatment, Rheosorbilact, Grandazole.

scholarly journals Pyometra: An Atypical Cause of Abdominal Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110224
Author(s):  
Leonidas Walthall ◽  
Marc Heincelman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Gynecologic Malignancy ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Lower Quadrant

Pyometra, a purulent infection of the uterus, is a rare cause of a very common complaint—abdominal pain. Risk factors include gynecologic malignancy and postmenopausal status. The classically described presentation includes abdominal pain, fever, and vaginal discharge. In this article, we present an atypical presentation of nonperforated pyometra in an 80-year-old female who was admitted to the internal medicine inpatient service. She initially presented with nonspecific subacute right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Physical examination did not demonstrate vaginal discharge. Laboratory evaluation failed to identify an underlying etiology. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis with oral and intravenous contrast demonstrated a 6.5 × 6.1 cm cystic containing structure within the uterine fundus, concerning for a gynecologic malignancy. Pelvis ultrasound confirmed the mass. Endometrial biopsy did not reveal underlying malignancy, but instead showed frank pus, leading to the diagnosis of pyometra. This report illustrates that pyometra should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lower abdominal pain in elderly women.

scholarly journals Pattern of Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Rathi ◽  
Sumit Ashok Hajare ◽  
Saurabh Jaiswal ◽  
Sandip Agrawal ◽  
Abhijit Kherde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) pose a major health, social and economic problem worldwide, predominantly in developing countries like India. It is essential to understand the current patterns of STIs in the various regions of the country in order to plan and implement strategies to control the spread of infection. Aim: To study the pattern of STIs among patients attending the STI clinic. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of data obtained retrospectively from case records over last seven years (January 2013-December 2019) from STI clinic at a tertiary care hospital at Nagpur. The demographic details, detailed history, clinical findings were noted and relevant investigations were performed. The patients were diagnosed as per syndromic approach and subjected to serologic tests for syphilis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The data was analysed by using MS Excel and Epi Info software, and percentage, mean, standard deviation and proportions were calculated. Results: Out of the total 4471 cases, 2807 (62.8%) were males and 1664 (37.2%) were females. The most commonly observed STI was balanoposthitis, followed by cervico-vaginal discharge, Genital Ulcerative Disease- Herpetic (GUD-H), anogenital warts, molluscum contagiosum, GUD-nonherpetic, urethral discharge, lower abdominal pain and inguinal bubo. The proportion of viral STIs was 33.5% (1495 cases) and bacterial STIs were 4.3% (191 cases). The most commonly observed STI was balanoposthitis in males and cervico-vaginal discharge in females. Newly diagnosed cases of HIV were 1.4% (61 cases) of total cases. Conclusion: The proportion of viral STIs was higher compared to bacterial STIs. The prevalence of HIV among study population was 3.9%. Since STIs are indicators of high risk sexual behaviour in the community and a major health burden with risk of development of HIV, prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment of STIs is necessary.

scholarly journals Comparison of Trichomoniasis Diagnosis by Microscopic Methods and Indirect ELISA Technique in a Sample of Iraqi Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 742-748
Author(s):  
Nada H. Bedair ◽  
Hayder Z. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Urine Examination ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Elisa Technique

Trichomonas vaginalis is an eukaryotic parasite that causes the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection, trichomoniasis. This disease is responsible for many serious health problems such as preterm birth. More than half of the infected women do not develop symptoms, which makes it difficult to diagnose thedisease. In this study, a specific indirect ELISA method was developed to detect anti-Trichomonas vaginalis IgM and IgG immunoglobulins in the sera of infected females. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of a simple ELISA procedure in comparison to the classical urine examination and vaginal wet mount preparation for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis. The sensitivity of the indirect ELISA was compared with the classical vaginal discharge swab and urine microscopic examination, and the results showed sensitivities of 65.5% and 57.2%, respectively. Furthermore, the infection was measurable as acute or chronic with the refined test.

scholarly journals Patterns of contraceptive usage at family planning clinics in Ilorin, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Akinyosoye Ajiboye ◽  
Kikelomo T Adesina ◽  
Ishaq F Abdul ◽  
Grace G Ezeoke
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Usage ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Surgical Sterilization

This study was carried out to evaluate the pattern of contraceptive usage in family planning clinics of public hospitals within Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. It was a retrospective study carried out between January 2010 and December 2012 involving a total of 10,002 contraceptive users attended family planning clinics in the centers within this period. Over a half of the clients (56.6%) were within the age bracket of 30-39 years, and 1.4% were less than 20 years. Majority (79.8%) of the users had two or more children while 0.9% were nulliparas. The most preferred contraceptive method was the hormonal injectable (59.5%); the percentage of users of oral contraceptive pills was 9.6% and utilization of the male condoms was 6.9%. The user rate for intrauterine contraceptive device was 17.3% while it was 6.6% for hormonal implant. Surgical sterilization was utilized by 0.1%. The commonest source of information was from healthcare personnel accounting for 41.9% followed by the mass media (21.6%). There was a low level of acceptance amongst teenagers; the level of acceptance of surgical sterilization methods was also low. There is need to improve on information dissemination regarding contraceptive use, via the internet and social media for teenagers who tend to be more internet-savvy. The number and age of clients were statistically significant factors for patterns of contraceptive usage at various family planning clinics in Ilorin metropolis.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 140-145

Vulvovaginitis in Premenarcheal Girls: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan E. Paradise ◽  
Joseph M. Campos ◽  
Harvey M. Friedman ◽  
Gertrude Frishmuth
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Prepubertal Girls

Fifty-four premenarcheal patients (median age 5.8 years) with symptoms or signs of vulvovaginitis were studied, and the results of cultures of vaginal secretions were compared with those from an age-matched control group. Vaginal discharge was found on examination in 24 of 42 patients with a complaint of discharge, and in two of 12 patients without a complaint of discharge. Convincing evidence of bacterial or monilial infection was found in 14 of the 26 patients with discharge on examination, but in none of the 28 patients without discharge (P &lt; .001). In the latter group pinworm infestation was present in one patient. Moniliasis occurred exclusively in girls who were pubertal (P &lt; .001). Four patients were found to have gonorrhea. No patient appeared to have symptoms or signs caused by Bacteroides sp, Chlamydia trachomatis, viruses, or Trichomonas vaginalis. Noninfectious causes were identified in four patients with and 13 without discharge (P &lt; .025); the most common cause was poor hygiene, implicated in six patients. Bubble bath use was implicated in only one patient. In 22 patients, no specific cause could be identified. All patients with poor hygiene as the only cause, and most with no demonstrable etiology, recovered after being advised to institute improved perineal hygiene. Patients with vaginal discharge are likely to have specific infections, and therefore cultures should be taken, in particular for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Genital pruritus in prepubertal girls has little or no etiologic specificity, but in pubertal girls with vaginal discharge it suggests the presence of monilial vaginitis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document