Hematologic parameters as biomarkers for antihistamine and omalizumab resistance in chronic spontaneous urticaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. e17-e24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Magen ◽  
Dan-Andrei Waitman ◽  
Natan R. Kahan
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Record Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Background: Biomarkers of resistance to H1-antihistamines (AH) and omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are still a matter of debate. Objective: To identify clinical and laboratory attributes of the patient that may be predictive of AH and omalizumab resistance in CSU. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study by using the electronic patient record data base of patients with CSU and of sex- and age-matched controls. Patients with CSU were divided into three study groups: the CSU group, patients who responded to AHs; the antihistamine-resistant CSU (AH-CSU) group, patients refractory to a fourfold AH dose; and the control group, composed of a random sample of age- and sex-matched subjects, with a case-control ratio of 1:2. The patients in the AH-CSU group treated with omalizumab were compared according to the response or resistance to omalizumab. Results: A total of 106 subjects in the AH-CSU group, 483 in the CSU group, and 1198 in the control group were compared. Both AH-CSU (112.7 ± 43.1 kU/mL) and CSU (129.5 ± 52.4 kU/mL) groups were associated with higher plasma total IgE levels than control group (103.2 ± 49.5 kU/mL; p < 0.001). The AH-CSU group was characterized by a higher plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level (6.4 ± 3.7 mg/L) than the CSU group (4.3 ± 1.4 mg/L; p < 0.001) and the control group (3.1 ± 1.8 mg/L; p < 0.001). The AH-CSU and CSU groups were characterized by a lower mean ± standard deviation basophil counts (0.18 ± 0.16 cells ×109/L and 0.19 ± 0.11 cells ×109/L, respectively) than the control group (0.22 ± 0.09 cells ×109/L; p < 0.001). The mean platelet volume was higher in the AH-CSU group (11.2 ± 0.3 fL) than in the CSU group (11.1 ± 0.4 fL; p = 0.002) and in the control group (10.3 ± 0.4 fL; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the mean levels of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and platelets, and the rates of eosinopenia and basopenia between the patients in the AH-CSU group who responded to and those who were resistant to omalizumab. Conclusion: This study provided additional data of interest to examine the pathophysiologic role of low-grade inflammation and basopenia in patients with CSU and resistant to AHs and omalizumab.

scholarly journals LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION IN SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM: ROLE OF HIGHSENSITIVE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Preeti Sharma ◽  
Rachna Sharma ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Anchal Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) patients may present with abnormal lipid profile more specifically in patients having thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) >10 mIU/L. Since the contradiction still lies with patients having TSH <10 mIU/L, so the role of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs- CRP) may be important with the prediction of inflammatory cardiovascular risk.Methods: Recently diagnosed 30 SCH patients both male and female were recruited and compared 30 normal healthy adults. Age and body mass index (BMI) of the study population were noted. Thyroid profile including TSH, FT4, and T3 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured by the CHOD-POD method, GPO-PAP method, and CHOD-POD/phosphotungstic method. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and very low-density cholesterol were measured by Friedewald formula. Lipoprotein ratios were also calculated. An ELISA was also used for the estimation of Hs-CRP.Results: The significant results were obtained in this study. BMI was significantly (<0.01) elevated in patients’ group compared to the control group. In the thyroid profile, TSH was significantly (<0.05) different between the groups. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol were significantly (<0.01) elevated in the case group. A significantly lower concentration of HDL cholesterol was observed in SCH patients when compared with control subjects. There was an elevated concentration of lipoprotein ratios in patients group. The mean concentration of Hs-CRP was highly significant between the groups. The level was higher in the case group compared to the control group. In patients’ group, there was a positive association (β- 0.36) (confidence interval 95%–0.002–0.536) between TSH and Hs-CRP. This association was highly significant.Conclusion: SCH patients having TSH <10 μIU/ml were characterized by dyslipidemia and elevated Hs-CRP. Increased lipoprotein ratios and Hs-CRP may promote low-grade inflammation in SCH patients, by which cardiovascular risk can be developed.

scholarly journals Serum Adropin Levels in Patients on Hemodialysis

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Dijana Boric-Skaro ◽  
Maja Mizdrak ◽  
Mirko Luketin ◽  
Dinko Martinovic ◽  
Daria Tokic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Adropin is a novel pleotropic peptide involved in energy homeostasis, with possible contribution to cardiovascular protection through production of nitric oxide and subsequent blood pressure regulation. Given that patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are related with high cardiovascular risk, hyperlipidemia, chronic low-grade inflammation, and malnutrition the aim of our study was to investigate serum adropin levels in HD patients to evaluate possible associations with nutritional status and other relevant clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 70 patients on HD and 60 healthy controls. Serum adropin levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a commercially available diagnostic kit. Serum adropin levels were significantly lower in the HD group compared to the control group (2.20 ± 0.72 vs. 4.05 ± 0.93 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation with malnutrition-inflammation score (r = −0.476, p < 0.001), dialysis malnutrition score (r = −0.350, p = 0.003), HD duration (r = −0.305, p = 0.010), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (r = −0.646, p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between adropin levels and pre-dialysis systolic (r = −0.301, p = 0.011) and diastolic blood pressure (r = −0.299, p = 0.011). These results are implying that adropin is potentially involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic kidney disease (CKD)/HD and its complications. However, future larger scale longitudinal studies need to further address it.

scholarly journals Dietary Fiber's Effect on High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein Serum in Sedentary Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Livia Kurniati Saputra ◽  
Dian Novita Chandra ◽  
Ninik Mudjihartini
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Low grade inflammation has been recognized of being involved in the pathogenesis of chronic disease pandemic. Individual lifestyle plays a major role in the development of low grade inflammation. Sedentary workers are at risk of low grade inflammation due to the nature of their work. Dietary habit also contributes to inflammatory status in the body. Dietary fiber intake indirectly affects the immune system. It has been hypothesized that fiber has anti-inflammatory effects, both body weight-related and body weight-unrelated This review will focus more on body weight-unrelated anti-inflammatory effect of fiber, especially through fiber’s fermentation metabolites, the short chain fatty acid (SCFA). Its anti-inflammatory effect can be seen by monitoring a biomarker of inflammation in the body, the high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). This review’s objective is to cover the mechanisms and role of dietary fiber intake on serum hsCRP level as a marker of low grade inflammation on sedentary workers. 

scholarly journals A Role of Inflammation and Immunity in Essential Hypertension—Modeled and Analyzed Using Petri Nets

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3348
Author(s):  
Dorota Formanowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Rybarczyk ◽  
Marcin Radom ◽  
Piotr Formanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Kinin System ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Kallikrein Kinin System ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Recent studies have shown that the innate and adaptive immune system, together with low-grade inflammation, may play an important role in essential hypertension. In this work, to verify the importance of selected factors for the development of essential hypertension, we created a Petri net-based model and analyzed it. The analysis was based mainly on t-invariants, knockouts of selected fragments of the net and its simulations. The blockade of the renin-angiotensin (RAA) system revealed that the most significant effect on the emergence of essential hypertension has RAA activation. This blockade affects: (1) the formation of angiotensin II, (2) inflammatory process (by influencing C-reactive protein (CRP)), (3) the initiation of blood coagulation, (4) bradykinin generation via the kallikrein-kinin system, (5) activation of lymphocytes in hypertension, (6) the participation of TNF alpha in the activation of the acute phase response, and (7) activation of NADPH oxidase—a key enzyme of oxidative stress. On the other hand, we found that the blockade of the activation of the RAA system may not eliminate hypertension that can occur due to disturbances associated with the osmotically independent binding of Na in the interstitium. Moreover, we revealed that inflammation alone is not enough to trigger primary hypertension, but it can coexist with it. We believe that our research may contribute to a better understanding of the pathology of hypertension. It can help identify potential subprocesses, which blocking will allow better control of essential hypertension.

scholarly journals High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Patients with Coronary Artery in-stent Restenosis: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Hussein M. Ismail ◽  
Ahmed O. Abaza ◽  
Gamela M. Nasr ◽  
Hesham Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serial Measurements ◽  
Control Study

Background: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of In-Stent Restenosis (ISR). High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is positively associated with major cardiovascular events. Aim: We aimed to investigate the hsCRP inflammatory response to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients with coronary ISR vs. patients without ISR. Methods: This case-control study included 80 CAD patients previously treated with drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Patients had Coronary Angiography (CAG) because of chest pain or equivalent symptoms and were subdivided into 2 groups. Group A (n=40) included CAD patients with ISR. Group B (n=40) included age and gender-matched controls with CAD but without ISR. Serum hsCRP levels were obtained before PCI (baseline) and 8, 16, 24 h post-PCI. Results: At baseline (before intervention/CAG), the hsCRP level was increased in the ISR group compared with the No-ISR group (p=0.007). There were 36 (90%) patients in the ISR group who had a high hsCRP (>3 mg/L) compared with 25 (62.5%) patients in the No-ISR group. Also, there was a significant relationship between high hsCRP and the ISR. Patients with ISR had higher frequencies and percentages of elevated CRP than the no-ISR control group. This difference was maintained for all measurements, baseline, after 8, 16, and 24 h (p<0.05). Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the ISR group revealed that mean hsCRP differed significantly between serial measurements (p<0.001). In contrast, in the control group, the mean hsCRP did not differ significantly between the serial measurements (p=0.65). Most of our patients (n=66, 82.5%) had 1-vessel CAD disease, and the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was significantly affected in 46 patients (57.5%). Management of restenosis was accomplished mainly by stenting by DES in 29 patients (72.5%). Conclusion: Patients with ISR had substantially higher pre- and post-PCI hsCRP levels than the no-ISR controls. This difference was maintained up to 24h post-PCI. Conversely, the mean hsCRP did not significantly differ at the follow-up points for the controls without ISR.

Analysis of variability of high sensitivity C‐reactive protein in lowland ecuador reveals no evidence of chronic low‐grade inflammation

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Mcdade ◽  
Paula S. Tallman ◽  
Felicia C. Madimenos ◽  
Melissa A. Liebert ◽  
Tara J. Cepon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation
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