Zoning of undermined urban territories in the area of the Berezovsky town

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
A. S. Vedernikov ◽  
P. I. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
The Town ◽  
Type Information

Zoning of undermined urban territories since the beginning of observations over disruption of undermined ground surface in the form of subsidence or sinking, in the worst case, yet remains critical for the population clusters nearby or within mineral mining areas. The problem is of the special concern for industrial towns in the Ural where historically manufacturing communities developed alongside with mining and metallurgical industries, and in the same territory. After decades and sometimes ages have passed, safe and efficient use of these areas remains problematic in view of the disembodied or missing information about their condition. One of such residential areas is the town of Berezovsky with the major portion of its territory being undermined. Closure and subsequent flooding of a once-urban gold mine necessitated the territorial research. During the research using the geotechnical, geodetic and other type information provided by the mine engineering service, the zoning procedure was developed and implemented in the geoinformation environment, and the consequences of the flooding were defined. The research results are unique in view of the singularity and diversity of characteristics of underground excavations and induced ground surface sinks clustered inside the study territory.

Design and Construction Challenges of a Roped Insulated Pipeline

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neetu Prasad ◽  
Graeme King ◽  
Arfeen Najeeb
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Upheaval Buckling ◽  
Timely Completion ◽  
Construction Contractor ◽  
Cold Bends ◽  
And Control ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract Thermally insulated hot buried pipelines pose a unique set of challenges. This paper discusses those challenges and how they were met during design and construction of the 150 km long Husky LLB Direct Pipeline, the longest thermally insulated oil pipeline in Canada. Thermal insulation materials are soft and can be easily damaged during construction and backfilling, and by large restraining forces at bends when the pipeline is operating at high temperatures. The large temperature difference between pipeline installation temperature and maximum operating temperature leads to large axial compressive forces that can cause movement at bends, crush insulation, increase temperatures at ground surface, cause loss of restraint, and in the worst case, lead to upheaval buckling and loss of containment. Special design and construction features to deal with these challenges, including insulation specifications, insulation of pipe bends, pipeline pre-straining, long radius bends, deeper burial, and pipeline roping, were therefore necessary. After pipe has been insulated with polyurethane foam it cannot be bent in standard field bending machines used for uninsulated pipes because the foam is too soft. The induction bends and cold bends that are shop insulated after bending are expensive. The Project minimized the number of these expensive insulated bends by using an engineered ditch bottom profile. This meant that shop bends were only needed to reduce excavation depth at sharp changes in ground surface elevation where the roped profile required excessive grading. Care was therefore necessary in the selection and development of specifications for the insulation system and shop fabricated bends, and to design and construct a ditch profile to minimize forces on the insulation and control upheaval buckling. Close co-ordination with vendors and the construction contractor was crucial for a successful and timely completion.

Geologic and related effects of the Taltal earthquake, Chile, of December 28, 1966

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-859
Author(s):  
Richard W. Lemke ◽  
Ernest Dobrovolny ◽  
Leonardo Alvarez S. ◽  
Francisco Ortiz O.
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Surface Effects ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Deep Focus ◽  
The Town ◽  
Natural Slopes

abstract Surface effects of the Taltal earthquake were comparatively small, probably because of the deep focus, although the magnitude was 7 ¾. Small fractures broke the ground surface along fault zones in the vicinity of Taltal. Minor slumping occurred on a few steep natural slopes and in some cuts and fills along highways. There was minor damage at a few open pit mines. At Taltal, the town most affected by the earthquake, 250 buildings out of a total of 1,100 were heavily damaged.

scholarly journals Silver ore exploration in the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Evgenii A. Kurlaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Town ◽  
Ore Exploration

Introduction. Native historiography associates the beginning of Southern Ural industrialization with the construction of first metallurgical works in the 1740s. Historians paid attention to geological exploration in the Urals in the 17th century but they had no idea about the survey areas. Historical archeological study on the edge of the town of Zlatoust in the Southern Urals has managed to find the trace of the largest geological survey expedition aimed at silver ore exploration as far back as 1669–1673. Expedition at that time represented a major military autonomous formation (regiment) under a voivode’s (Slavic title for a war-leader) command. A large number of participants was due to the need for great manpower and protection from hostile nomads Research aim is to introduce unique discoveries in the history of mining into professional scientific use. Methodology. When analyzing the historical material, the methods of field survey and investigation on the documents of ancient mining remains have been developed. Results. The sequence of events has been retraced in the article, geological survey and mining areas and stages have been determined. Organizational structure, quantity, aims and results of the largest geological survey expedition in the history of Russia have been defined. Mining traces have been discovered being a unique monument to the history of mining in the 17th century.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTENT OF CHEMICALS IN THE SOIL OF MINING AREAS OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Mikhailova ◽  
M. A. Solodukhina ◽  
O. G. Alekseeva ◽  
N. M. Burlaka ◽  
S. E. Lapa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Mining Areas

Introduction. Intensive exploration and processing of mineral raw materials in the Trans-Baikal territory has caused the accumulation of considerable amount of industrial mining waste with high content of chemical elements of different classes of hazard. Currently 33 tailings storage facilities (TSF) accumulating approximately 3 milliard tons of different industrial waste are located in the territory of the region. The aim of the research is the hygienic assessment of soil contamination in the residential areas adjacent to TSFs. Material and methods. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry method was used for the determination of heavy metals. The study presents the results of analyses of 444 samples of gross content of lead, zinc, copper, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium in the soil of Khapcheranga, Sherlovaya Gora, Kadaya, Vershino-Darasunsky, and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky mining villages throughout the duration of 2012 - 2015. Results. During the period of the study the total value of soil contamination with Zc calculated by the median concentrations in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 4.7 6.9, in Vershino-Shakhtaminaky - to 6.7 8.8, which corresponds to the «allowable» level of the contamination. Zc calculation by maximum concentrations has shown the soil to be referred to the category from “moderately dangerous” to “extremely dangerous”; this value in Khapcheranga Village amounted to 48.7 - 235.3, in Vershino-Shakhtaminsky Village - to 23.76 - 164.8. Discussion. In the residential areas the allowable degree of soil contamination was determined to be predominantly observed; Khapcheranga and Vershino-Shakhtaminsky villages are the exceptions. The results of the assessment give the evidence of tge increased lead, cadmium and arsenic content throughout the entire area of the villages, while the highest levels of accumulated toxic substances are registered in the areas located near the TSF Conclusion. Thus, several zones of natural and anthropogenous contamination with increased concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic have been formed in the Trans-Baikal Territory. This dictates the need to study the influence of geochemical anomalies on the health of population.

Meteorological Sub-Committee. Aeronautical Research Committee. The Formation of Ice on Aircraft.

1937 ◽  
Vol 41 (319) ◽  
pp. 595-608
Author(s):  
H. Noth ◽  
W. Polte
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Relative Speed ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Danger Zone ◽  
Considerable Length

The main reasons why trouble due to ice formation on aircraft was not experienced so much in the earlier days of flying as now were two-fold, (a) The greatly restricted amount of flying done during the winter and (b) the absence of means whereby flight in cloud for any considerable length of time was possible.The degree to which ice forms, however, differs widely. Since much depends on the relative speed of the aircraft, free balloons are practically excluded. In the worst case ice cannot form on such aircraft to the extent to which heavy glazed frost is observed on the ground, unless the balloon pilot is a very bad navigator and remains in the danger zone longer than would be required for the ground surface to be coated with glazed frost.

Consolidation Potential Analysis of Coal Village Based on the Background of City Construction Land Increase and Rural Residential Land Decrease - Take a Coal Mine in Huainan City as a Case

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4933-4937
Author(s):  
Yao Qi Yang ◽  
Peng Fei Wang ◽  
Wu Xiao ◽  
Hui Ling Miao ◽  
Jun Tao Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Land Readjustment ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Rural Residential Land ◽  
The City ◽  
Rural Construction

The supply of construction land index is difficult in coal villages migration, especially the construction land index in urban and rural, lacking of construction land index becomes the bottleneck of village migration. In order to ruduce the pressure of the contradiction between supply and demand of land used for construction purposes. This paper combines with the actual situation of coal villages, taking Huainan as an example, starting from the connotation and significance of the policy of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction, based on the analysis of the current situation of the city construction land use, making predictions on the potentiality of village land readjustment in coal mining areas, the potentiality of the rural residential areas hook readjustment and the potentiality of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction, the results show that the overall hook potentiality is larger.

scholarly journals Alternative Risk Assessment for Dangerous Chemicals in South Korea Regulation: Comparing Three Modeling Programs

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Lee ◽  
Jong-Ryeul Sohn ◽  
Sang-Hoon Byeon ◽  
Seok Yoon ◽  
Kyong Moon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
Local Residents

Unlike other countries, the Korean chemical industry does not clearly distinguish between industrial sites and residential areas. The 2012 Gumi Hydrogen Fluoride Accident revealed that chemical accidents could cause damage to nearby residents. Accordingly, the Chemicals Control Act was enacted in 2015, which requested industrial sites using chemicals to perform a risk assessment for all chemical facilities and to distribute the results to the local residents and governments. Industrial businesses had the responsibility of warning the local residents. In this study, two programs (Areal Location of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA), Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST)) were compared with Korea Off-site Risk Assessment Supporting Tool (KORA), which is the current representative risk assessment program used in Korea Chemicals Control Act. The five chemical substances (nitric acid, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, sulfuric acid, and formaldehyde) most commonly involved in chemical accidents were selected. The range of influence of ERPG-2 (Emergency Response Planning Guideline) on chemical accidents was modeled and the results compared. ALOHA was found to be the most suitable program for the determination of toxicity for nitrate acid and ammonia, KORA for hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid, and PHAST for formaldehyde. To maximize the safety of many local residents and to prepare for chemical accidents, risk assessments should be conducted using a variety of risk assessment programs, and the worst-case damage radius should be determined.

Estimating CO2 Fluxes Along Leaky Wellbores

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Tao ◽  
Dean A. Checkai ◽  
Nicolas J. Huerta ◽  
Steven L. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Effective Permeability ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Surface Flux ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Co2 Leakage ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Leakage Path ◽  
Casing Pressure ◽  
Buildup Rate

Summary Large-scale geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is likely to bring CO2 plumes into contact with a large number of existing wellbores. The flux of CO2 along a leaking wellbore requires a model of fluid properties and of transport along the leakage pathway. Knowing the range of effective permeability of faulty cement is essential for estimating the risk of CO2 leakage. The central premise of this paper is that the leakage pathway in wells that exhibit sustained casing pressure (SCP) is analogous to the rate-limiting part of the leakage pathway in any wellbore that CO2 might encounter. Thus, field observations of SCP can be used to estimate transport properties of a CO2-leakage pathway. Uncertainty in the estimate can be reduced by accounting for constraints from well-construction geometry and from physical considerations. We then describe a simple CO2-leakage model. The model accounts for variation in CO2 properties along the leakage path and allows the path to terminate in an unconfined (constant-pressure) exit. The latter assumption provides a worst-case leakage flux. By use of pathway permeabilities consistent with observations in SCP wells, we obtain a range of CO2 fluxes for the cases of buoyancy-driven (post-injection) and pressure-driven (during injection) leakage. Assuming the frequency distribution is representative of SCP wells, we observe that in leakage pathways corresponding to the slow but nonnegligible buildup of casing pressure (several psi/D), the effective permeability of the leakage path is in the range of microdarcies to hundreds of microdarcies, and the corresponding CO2 fluxes are comparable with naturally occurring background fluxes observed at the ground surface. In pathways corresponding to intermediate and fast buildup rate of casing pressure (tens to hundreds of psi/D), the effective permeability is in the range of tenths to tens of millidarcies, and the CO2 fluxes are comparable with surface flux measurements at the Illinois basin and at the natural seep at Crystal Geyser (Utah). In pathways corresponding to very fast buildup rate (thousands of psi/D), the effective permeability is from tens to hundreds of millidarcies and the CO2 fluxes are up to three orders of magnitude higher than those measured at Crystal Geyser.

Determining the Contact-Length and Critical-Value for Deformed Foundation with Curvature Variation in Mining Area

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 714-721
Author(s):  
Wei Min Liang ◽  
Jun Feng Qiao ◽  
Zeng Zhang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Contact Length ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Curvature Variation ◽  
Critical Contact

In mining area, the ground surface level is lowered and curved after the claps of cover-layers of coal-seams evacuated regions. The curvature variation of ground surface causes the variation of contact-surface relation between the structure base and the ground foundation. For this research, the position of maximum curvature variation point is predicted. At this position, for the potentially worst case, the contact-length between structure base and ground foundation is calculated. Then, the internal bending moment within the structure base caused by the ground foundation curvature variation is formulated by taking the contact-length as variable. The results show that the base bending moment is a function of fourth power of contact-length. Based on this result, the critical value of contact-length in mining area is established. Hence, the critical contact-length concept can be taken as a measure of curvature variation in mining area.

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