scholarly journals Silver ore exploration in the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
Evgenii A. Kurlaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Town ◽  
Ore Exploration

Introduction. Native historiography associates the beginning of Southern Ural industrialization with the construction of first metallurgical works in the 1740s. Historians paid attention to geological exploration in the Urals in the 17th century but they had no idea about the survey areas. Historical archeological study on the edge of the town of Zlatoust in the Southern Urals has managed to find the trace of the largest geological survey expedition aimed at silver ore exploration as far back as 1669–1673. Expedition at that time represented a major military autonomous formation (regiment) under a voivode’s (Slavic title for a war-leader) command. A large number of participants was due to the need for great manpower and protection from hostile nomads Research aim is to introduce unique discoveries in the history of mining into professional scientific use. Methodology. When analyzing the historical material, the methods of field survey and investigation on the documents of ancient mining remains have been developed. Results. The sequence of events has been retraced in the article, geological survey and mining areas and stages have been determined. Organizational structure, quantity, aims and results of the largest geological survey expedition in the history of Russia have been defined. Mining traces have been discovered being a unique monument to the history of mining in the 17th century.

The Abbots Bromley Horn Dance

Antiquity ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Violet Alford
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Field Work ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Bow And Arrow ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Church

Few people know of this, possibly the most primitive dance in Europe. We find scanty records therefore, the earliest dating only from the 17th century. Robert Plot, in his Natural History of Staffordshire, 1686, p. 434, says:–At Abbots, or now rather Pagets Bromley, they had also within memory, a sort of sport, which they celebrated at Christmas (on New-Year and Twelft-day) call'd the Hobby-horse dance, from a person that carryed the image of a horse between his leggs, made of thin boards, and in his hand a bow and arrow, which passing through a hole in the bow, and stopping upon a sholder it had in it, he made a snapping noise as he drew it to and fro, keeping time with the Musick: with this Man danced 6 others, carrying on their shoulders as many Rain deers heads, 3 of them painted white, and 3 red, with the Armes of the cheif families (viz.) of Paget, Bagot, and Wells) to whom the revenews of the Town cheifly belonged, depicted on the palms of them, with which they danced the Hays, and other Country dances. To this Hobbyhorse dance there also belong'd a pot, which was kept by turnes, by 4 or 5 of the cheif of the Town, whom they call'd Reeves, who provided Cakes and Ale to put in this pot; all people who had any kindness for the good intent of the Institution of the sport, giving pence a piece for themselves and families; and so forraigners too, that came to see it: with which Mony (the charge of the Cakes and Ale being defrayed) they not only repaired their Church but kept their poore too: which charges are not now perhaps so cheerfully boarn.Why Plot says ‘within memory’ it is difficult to understand, unless there was a temporary cessation of the rite. He might easily have learnt whether the sport still lived or no, but from this and various internal points I suspect the Doctor never went to see for himself. Like too great a number of folklorists he preferred keeping his nose in a book to embarking on ‘field work’. The pot into which they put the feast has now disappeared, and so far from repairing the church and keeping the poor, the few shillings gained hardly pay the dancers for the loss of a day's work.

scholarly journals Eighteenth-Century Samara in the Diary by English Officer of the Orenburg Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artistic Heritage ◽  
Collective Representations

This article examines the Diary of the Englishman John Castle, an important source on the history of the Orenburg Expedition (Commission) and regions where it operated. The expedition made a notable contribution to the annexation of new territories in southeast Russia and their development. The Diary is one of the few graphical testimonies on the history of the territory, as Castle was a draughtsman. The Diary was published in German in 1784 while a translation into Russian was only released in 1998. The article’s author also refers to another translation of parts of the Diary devoted to Samara translated by A. Ognev in the same year. The research demonstrates that Castle’s work contains noteworthy data on matters other than Kazakhstan, which until now has been of primary importance for specialists working with the source. It contains authentic and unique data on the daily life of Russian towns bordering Asian countries in the eighteenth century. The Diary also relates its author’s communications with the outstanding statesmen I. Kirilov and V. Tatishchev, Castle’s superiors. They headed the Orenburg Expedition (Commission) when its headquarters was located in Samara. Foreign specialists worked in the expedition because Russian modernisation relied on progressive foreign experience and a policy of attracting foreigners into Russian service. The view of a non-Russian expert on local realities is important given the presence of many actors on the outskirts of the empire. Social groups, including foreigners who served in Russia, participated in the process of forming “collective representations” of a society undergoing modernisation. This process had its own peculiarities in territories where modernisation and colonisation via the “frontier model”: Bashkiria, the Southern Urals, the Trans-Urals, and the Trans-Volga regions. Beyond any doubt, the search for and analysis of the written and artistic heritage of foreign witnesses of the development of southeastern Russia in the first half of the eighteenth century will add to our knowledge about an important epoch of Russian history and the life of its southeastern territories.

scholarly journals Actual Trends in the Latest Research of the Pianobor and Kara-Abyz Archaeological Cultures

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Lyasovich Vsevolod I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Cultures ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Today, an understanding of the state of knowledge of the Pianobor and Kara-Abyz archaeological cultures is quite relevant for archaeologists of the Urals and Prikamye. A variety of scientific approaches to understanding the nature of the above cultures gave rise to a lot of questions and problems in the scientific literature relating to the reconstruction of the ancient history of the Southern Urals. This article cites and analyzes recent works related to the history of studying the antiquities of the Pianobor and Kara-Abyz archaeological cultures of the Southern Urals of the early Iron Age. Based on them, thematic historiographic blocks are identified and conceptual directions in the study of the above-mentioned cultures are determined. Today’s situation shows that in the field of studying the forest-steppe cultures of the Ural region of the Early Iron Age, certain scientific trends have developed, in which theoretical knowledge of the ancient history of this region is developing. Moreover, each of them touches upon a specific feature of the functioning of the Kara-Abyz and Pianobor archaeological cultures in the Early Iron Age in the Southern Urals. The author outlines six actual lines of development of studies of the above-mentioned cultures: 1) historiography; 2) natural science methods in archaeological research; 3) analysis of trade relations; 4) the introduction into the scientific circulation of excavation materials; 5) problems of chronology; 6) problems of the genesis and historical fate of archaeological cultures. In many cases, these theoretical developments of scientists overlap, forming a circle of problems and interests, creating discussions, or complementing each other’s scientific concepts. The latter trend allows us to form a unified system of knowledge and characteristics in understanding the historical development of the Pianobor and Kara-Abyz archaeological cultures. Keywords: Early Iron Age, pianoborskaya culture, kara-abyzskaya culture, South Ural, Pre-Ural, forest-steppes Pre-Ural, historiography

scholarly journals Arched Objects (Noseband) as Part of a Horse Harness of the Early Nomads of the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-115
Author(s):  
Sergey Sirotin
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
The South ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nomadic Communities ◽  
Military Activity

The presented article analyzes a series of objects, which are parts of the horse harness of the early nomads in the Southern Urals of the 4th century BC. These are arched objects (nosebands) designed to increase the efficiency of horse control. The article provides a brief overview of the history of these items being discovered in the steppe complexes. In particular, attention is focused on the archaeological context of these objects as part of horse harness. The article contains all currently known finds of these objects found in the Southern Urals. Separately, the article discusses the issues of the burials chronology, where these horse harness accessories are found. The appearance of such an element in horse harness was caused by over all increasing level of military activity in nomadic communities. An analysis of the burials where arcuate objects (nosebands) were found shows that the period of their appearance and distribution in the Southern Urals dates to the second half of the 4th century BC. Attention is drawn to the fact that most of these objects are found in rich, status burials or as part of rich sacrificial complexes. The article considers all currently known finds of these items. Analogies from the territory of Scythia are given and the chronological order of these objects in the complexes of the Southern Urals is considered. The article concludes that these objects (as well as a number of others that have direct analogies in the bridle sets of Scythia) became parts of the South Ural nomads’ horse harness under the direct influence of Scythian territories.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF THE GENDER IN THE IRANIAN LANGUAGES .

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Э.Б. САТЦАЕВ ◽  
E.B. SATTSAEV
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
New Era ◽  
The North ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Northwest India

В статье исследуются вопросы эволюции категории рода в иранских языках. Особое внимание отводится исследованию западно- и восточноиранских языков в исторической перспективе. На основе широкого спектра лингвистических данных подробно описаны и охарактеризованы как общие черты, так и особенности грамматики языков иранской группы. Последняя входит в индоевропейскую языковую семью, представленную в настоя- щее время на обширном географическом пространстве. Наиболее многочисленной ветвью данной семьи является индоиранская, включающая в себя индоарийские и иранские языки, обособление которых началось с миграций предков современных индоариев в северо-запад- ную Индию. История ираноязычных племен и народностей, территория расселения ко- торых в прошлом простиралась от берегов Черного моря на западе до границ Китая на востоке и от Южного Урала на севере до берегов Персидского залива и Индии на юге, охва- тывает огромный временной промежуток — от II тыс. до н.э. вплоть до наших дней. Ди- алекты многих из них еще на рубеже двух эр сохраняли значительную степень единства, унаследованного от общего древнеиранского языка-основы, близкого к авестийскому. The article investigates the evolution of gender in the Iranian languages. Special attention is given to the study of West and East Iranian languages in the historical perspective. On the basis of a wide range of various linguistic data the generalities and peculiarities of the grammar of Iranian languages, especially the category of gender, are described and characterized in detail. Iranian linguistic group belongs to the family of Indo-European languages, which are currently spoken on a vast territory. The most numerous branch of this family is Indo-Iranian, which includes Indo-Aryan and Iranian languages. Their separation began with the migrations of the ancestors of modern Indo- Aryans to Northwest India. The history of Iranian-speaking tribes and peoples, who in the past lived on the geography stretching from the shores of Black sea in the west to the borders of China in the east and from the southern Urals in the north to the shores of the Persian Gulf and India in the south, covers a vast period of time — from the II millennium BC up to the present day. The dialects of many tribes by the turn of the new era still retained a significant degree of initial community, inherited from the ancient Iranian source language close to Avestan.

scholarly journals ИСТОРИЯ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МУЗЕЯ ЮЖНОГО УРАЛА (HISTORY OF FORMATION OF THE STATE MUSEUM OF THE SOUTHERN URALS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Antipin
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
The State ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The article reconstructs the initial period of the history of the state historical Museum of the southern Urals (Chelyabinsk). The purpose of the article is to determine the date of Foundation of the Museum, for which a wide range of archival sources is analyzed. In the modern Museum, the date of Foundation is July 1, 1923. The article proves that the date of Foundation of the Museum should be considered September 5, 1913, when a meeting of teachers, local historians and representatives of local authorities was held in Chelyabinsk, where a decision was made to organize a natural history Museum and a local branch of the Ural society of natural history lovers. The article shows that the period of 1913-1923 in the history of the Museum is full of events, the continuity from the first collection to the opening on July 1, 1923 is traced. In the article, the author also considers the issues of commemoration, the formation and development of the Museum, and the development of the Museum during the civil war. According to the author, strengthening the connection of one of the most important cultural institutions of the Chelyabinsk region – the State historical Museum of the southern Urals with the pre-revolutionary past is not only a tribute to scientific truth, but also an important image step that allows you to record deep cultural traditions in Russia

ORTHODOX COLLECTIONS IN THE FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE IEI UFRC RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
R.M. MUKHAMETZYANOVA-DUGGAL ◽  
◽  
D.A. EFIMOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative composition of the collection of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography of the R.G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Research of the UFRC RAS (MAE IEI UFRC RAS) related to Orthodoxy. It is noted that these items were collected as a result of ethnographic expeditions, donations and purchases, are stored and studied for a long time. The article provides information about the history of the appearance, methods of use, as well as what these objects carried and carry meaning in the religious life of the peoples of Bashkortostan. The conclusion is formulated, according to which, the objects of religious cults from the collection of the MAE are mainly represented by material and pictorial documents. Pictorial sources include icons depicting St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Tabyn Mother of God, especially revered in the Southern Urals, saints and sculptural images of the crucifixions of Christ. The material or material sources include crosses (body, altar), items of church utensils, vestments of priests, etc. In general, the objects of religious cults of the peoples of the Southern Urals are a kind of document, evidence reflecting the historical past of the region. The introduction of museum sources into scientific circulation, their comprehensive study will significantly expand and supplement the source base of research. At the same time, the development of the main problems of preservation, use and interpretation of these sources should become the subject of independent scientific research, which can make a significant contribution to the understanding of the cultural heritage of the Southern Urals, Bashkortostan in particular.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document