scholarly journals A New Scoring Procedure in Assessment Centers: Insights from Interaction Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke Oostrom ◽  
Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock ◽  
Ute-Christine Klehe
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment Centers ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
New Scoring ◽  
Dynamic Scoring

This paper proposes interaction analysis as an alternative scoring procedure in assessment centers (ACs). Interaction analysis allows for a more fine-grained scoring approach by which candidate behaviors are captured as they actually happen, thus avoiding judgment errors typically associated with traditional scoring procedures. We describe interaction analysis and explain how this procedure can improve the validity of ACs. In a short research example, we showcase how interaction analysis can be implemented in AC settings. Finally, we integrate our arguments in terms of three key propositions which we hope will inspire future research on more dynamic scoring procedures.

scholarly journals Adopting the Situation in School Questionnaire to Examine Physical Education Teachers’ Motivating and Demotivating Styles Using a Circumplex Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7342
Author(s):  
Géraldine Escriva-Boulley ◽  
Emma Guillet-Descas ◽  
Nathalie Aelterman ◽  
Maarten Vansteenkiste ◽  
Nele Van Doren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Autonomy Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Academic Courses

Grounded in SDT, several studies have highlighted the role of teachers’ motivating and demotivating styles for students’ motivation, learning, and physical activity in physical education (PE). However, most of these studies focused on a restricted number of motivating strategies (e.g., offering choice) or dimensions (e.g., autonomy support). Recently, researchers have developed the Situations-in-School (i.e., SIS-Education) questionnaire, which allows one to gain a more integrative and fine-grained insight into teachers’ engagement in autonomy-support, structure, control, and chaos through a circular structure (i.e., a circumplex). Although teaching in PE resembles teaching in academic courses in many ways, some of the items of the original situation-based questionnaire (e.g., regarding homework) are irrelevant to the PE context. In the present study, we therefore sought to develop a modified, PE-friendly version of this earlier validated SIS-questionnaire—the SIS-PE. Findings in a sample of Belgian (N = 136) and French (N = 259) PE teachers, examined together and as independent samples, showed that the variation in PE teachers’ motivating styles in this adapted version is also best captured by a circumplex structure, with four overarching styles and eight subareas differing in their level of need support and directiveness. The SIS-PE possesses excellent convergent and concurrent validity. With the adaptations being successful, great opportunities for future research on PE teachers (de-)motivating styles are created.

scholarly journals Affinity Selection in Germinal Centers: Cautionary Tales and New Opportunities

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1040
Author(s):  
Jose Faro ◽  
Mario Castro
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Immune Synapse ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Ligand Interactions

Our current quantitative knowledge of the kinetics of antibody-mediated immunity is partly based on idealized experiments throughout the last decades. However, new experimental techniques often render contradictory quantitative outcomes that shake previously uncontroversial assumptions. This has been the case in the field of T-cell receptors, where recent techniques for measuring the 2-dimensional rate constants of T-cell receptor–ligand interactions exposed results contradictory to those obtained with techniques measuring 3-dimensional interactions. Recently, we have developed a mathematical framework to rationalize those discrepancies, focusing on the proper fine-grained description of the underlying kinetic steps involved in the immune synapse. In this perspective article, we apply this approach to unveil potential blind spots in the case of B-cell receptors (BCR) and to rethink the interactions between B cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDC) during the germinal center (GC) reaction. Also, we elaborate on the concept of “catch bonds” and on the recent observations that B-cell synapses retract and pull antigen generating a “retracting force”, and propose some testable predictions that can lead to future research.

Working with Industrial Cobots: The Influence of Reliability and Transparency on Perception and Trust

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Lina Kluy ◽  
Eileen Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Human Robot Collaboration ◽  
Positive Effect

Industrial human-robot collaboration (HRC) is not yet widely spread but on the rise. This development raises the question about properties collaborative robots (cobots) need, to enable a pleasant and smooth interaction. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of transparency and reliability on perception of and trust towards cobots. A video-enhanced online study with 124 participants was conducted. Transparency was provided through the presentation of differing information, and reliability was manipulated through differing error rates. The results showed a positive effect of transparency on perceived safety and intelligence. Reliability had a positive effect on perceived intelligence, likeability and trust. The effect of reliability on trust was more pronounced for low transparent robots. The results indicate the relevance of carefully selected information to counteract negative effects of failures. Future research should transfer the study design into a real-life experiment with more fine-grained levels of transparency and reliability.

Deployment of the formulaic utterance “how about∼” in task-based second language classroom discussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-446
Author(s):  
David Aline ◽  
Yuri Hosoda
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Classroom Interaction ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Japanese Learners Of English ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Alternative Procedures ◽  
Japanese Learners

Abstract Formulaic speech has long been of interest in studies of second language learning and pragmatic use as production and comprehension of formulaic utterances requires less processing and production effort and, therefore, allows for greater fluency. This study scrutinizes the sequential positions and actions of one formulaic utterance “how about∼” from the participants’ perspective. This conversation analytic study offers a fine-grained microanalysis of student interaction during classroom peer discussion activities. The data consist of over 54 h of video-recorded classroom interaction. Analysis revealed several positions and actions of “how about∼” as it occurs during peer discussions by Japanese learners of English. Emerging from analysis was a focus on how learners deploy this formulaic utterance to achieve various actions within sequences of interaction. Analysis revealed that participants used “how about∼” for (a) explicitly selecting next speaker, (b) shifting topics, (c) proposing a solution, and (d) suggesting alternative procedures. Although the formula was deployed to perform these four different actions, consistent throughout all instances was the disclosure of learner orientation to the progressivity of the task interaction. The findings show how language learners deploy this formulaic utterance in discussion tasks designed for language learning and highlights the pragmatic functions of this phrase.

TAP (Teacher Learning and Application to Pedagogy) Through Digital Video-Mediated Reflections

2018 ◽  
pp. 1171-1195
Author(s):  
Poonam Arya ◽  
Tanya Christ ◽  
Ming Ming Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Video ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Literacy Teachers ◽  
Digital Videos ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Multimodal Information ◽  
Reader Engagement ◽  
Future Research Directions

This chapter presents relevant findings from research that explored literacy teachers' self-reflections and reflective discussions with peers that were mediated by digital video. Mixed methodological approaches were used, including statistical discourse analysis, which examines the relations between speech-turns in teachers' video discussions to provide a fine-grained view of digital video's mediating role. Findings showed that recursive viewing of videos, across different contexts or within a context facilitated shifts in purposes for discussing videos and broadened the foci of these discussions. Additionally, the situated context and multiple modes of information presented in digital videos supported literacy teachers' generation and application of ideas about reader processing and reader engagement. Teachers used certain conversation moves, such as critical thinking, hypothesizing, and challenging, as they transacted with the multimodal information in the video to support their generation of ideas for literacy instruction. Implications and future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals What’s in a Bantu verb? Actionality in Bantu languages

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thera Marie Crane ◽  
Bastian Persohn
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
State Change ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Current State ◽  
Quality Evidence

Abstract The lexical and phrasal dimensions of aspect and their interactions with morphosyntactic aspectual operators have proved difficult to model in Bantu languages. Bantu actional types do not map neatly onto commonly accepted categorizations of actionality, although these are frequently assumed to be universal and based on real-world event typologies. In this paper, we describe important characteristics and major actional distinctions attested across Bantu languages. These, we argue, include complex lexicalizations consisting of a coming-to-be phase, the ensuing state change, and the resultant state; sub-distinctions of coming-to-be phases, and other issues of phasal quality. Despite these fine-grained distinctions in phasal structure and quality, evidence for a principled distinction between activity- and accomplishment-like predicates is mixed. We review the current state of evidence for these characteristics of Bantu actionality and sketch methodological directions for future research.

Transboundary water justice: a combined reading of literature on critical transboundary water interaction and ‘justice’, for analysis and diplomacy

Water Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (S2) ◽  
pp. 174-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zeitoun ◽  
Jeroen Warner ◽  
Naho Mirumachi ◽  
Nathanial Matthews ◽  
Karis McLaughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Transboundary Water ◽  
Water Interaction ◽  
Process Outcomes ◽  
Water Justice ◽  
Equitable Outcomes ◽  
Research And Policy

By reviewing and blending two main bodies of research (critical transboundary water interaction analysis and centuries of thought on social justice) this paper seeks to improve international transboundary water interaction analysis and diplomacy. Various implications for transboundary analysis and diplomacy are grouped under themes of equitability, process/outcomes, and structural concerns. These include shortcomings of analysis and policy based on unfounded assumptions of equality, and options excluded from consideration by the legitimisation of particular concepts of justice over others. As power asymmetry is seen to enable or disable justice claims and conflict resolution efforts, the importance of ensuring equitable outcomes as a pre-condition for cooperation is asserted. Similarly, water conflict resolution is found to be more fair – procedurally – than is conflict management, and may be supported to a limited extent by international water law. A number of analytical tasks are suggested for future research and policy, including a call to scrutinise the source of legitimacy of strands of justice invoked. Given the very many perspectives on justice that exist in the network of relevant actors, potential bias in research and diplomacy could be reduced if all involved openly stated the morals underpinning their understanding of ‘justice’.

Organizational learning research: Past, present and future

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Argote
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Organizational Experience ◽  
Learning Research

The article provides a brief overview of past research on organizational learning. Current research themes are identified, including taking a fine-grained approach to characterizing organizational experience, understanding the role of the organizational context in organizational learning, and analyzing processes and outcomes of knowledge creation, retention and transfer. The article concludes with a discussion of future research that is likely to advance our understanding of organizational learning.

scholarly journals Explaining the declined affordability of housing for low-income private renters across Western Europe

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2618-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Dewilde
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Before And After

The private rented sector (PRS) recently enjoyed a revival, in particular in the years before and after the Great Financial Crisis (GFC). At the same time however, affordability concerns have come to the fore. The main aim of this paper is to explain trends in housing affordability for lower-income households in the PRS across Western European countries, from a supply versus demand perspective. To this end we: (1) related trends in housing affordability to wider changes in housing systems, welfare regimes, demographic indicators and housing market financialisation; and (2) decomposed affordability trends in terms of rents and incomes, controlling for compositional shifts. We incorporated the spatial dimension by distinguishing between urban and rural regions. Although we could not explicitly test for the more fine-grained mechanisms relating housing market financialisation to increased ‘unaffordability’ of PRS-housing, our findings nevertheless warrant future research into this topic. In particular in countries with strong financialisation (Ireland, the Netherlands, Spain and Portugal) decreasing affordability arises from the fact that during the period 1995–2007 private rent increases were not compensated for sufficiently by income growth. We furthermore found that across urban regions, between 1995 and 2007, affordability worsened through demand pressure arising from in-migration. Changes after the GFC (up to 2013) were more limited and diverse.

FRAMEWORK OF WIND–VEHICLE–BRIDGE INTERACTION ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 1350020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. CAI ◽  
WEI ZHANG ◽  
XIANZHI LIU ◽  
WEI PENG ◽  
S. R. CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Long Span Bridges ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Moving Vehicles

Under strong winds, bridges may exhibit large dynamic responses. Wind may also endanger the safety of moving vehicles on the roadways as well as on bridges. For regular aerodynamic study of long-span bridges, traffic loads are not typically considered, assuming that bridges will be closed to traffic at high wind speeds. Therefore, bridges are usually tested in wind tunnels or analyzed numerically without considering moving vehicles on them. However, there are numerous possible scenarios under which vehicles may still be on the bridge when higher wind speeds occur. These scenarios include unexpected increase in hurricane forward speed or intensity, evacuation traffic gridlock, accidents/stalled vehicles or rainfall flooding blocking the road ahead, etc. Wind, together with vehicles, will also cause serviceability and bridge fatigue damage issues. The present study will present the framework of wind–vehicle–bridge interaction analysis and its applications, developed in the last decade by the authors' group, focused on the vehicle and bridge safety issues. It consists of the following five parts: (1) A three dimensional finite element analysis framework considering the interaction of wind, bridge and vehicles; (2) experimental facilities development and studies for both static and aerodynamic tests of bridge section models and vehicles; (3) Computation fluid dynamic (CFD) prediction of loading on vehicles; (4) performance evaluation of vehicle safety and bridge fatigue; and (5) bridge vibration mitigations. Case study will also be presented and future research needs are discussed.

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