scholarly journals Respon Beberapa Varietas Padi Terhadap Serangan Fusarium fujikuroi Penyebab Penyakit Bakanae

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Darnetty Darnetty ◽  
Eri Sulyanti
Keyword(s):  
Attack Rate ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Disease Attack ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Fusarium fujikuroi is the cause of bakanae disease in rice plants. Level of bakanae disease attack on some rice cultivation land in West Sumatra, especially in Padang Pariaman district is quite high. One effort to suppress the development of F. fujikuroi is by planting resistant varieties. In this study, 15 rice varieties originating Sumatera Barat were used to be tested for their response to F. fujikuroi attack. The purpose of this study was to obtain the varieties with the low attack rate of F. fujikuroi. Parameters observed were number of dead seeds, number of dead seedlings, number of stunted seedlings, number of seeds showing symptoms of Bakanae and total infected seeds. The results of the study indicated that symptoms of F. fujikuroi attack varied which  were dead seeds, stunting seedlings, dead seedslings and bakanae. The response of rice varieties to  F. fujikuroi attack was different with characterized by different levels of infection rates. Low infection rates were found in Pessel varieties (2.0%), Batang sahalai (15.5%), Cisokan (17.0%), and Batang Lembang (20%). Other varieties showed a high percentage of F. fujikuroi attacks ranging from 20% to 54.5%.

scholarly journals New method for screening rice varieties against Bakanae disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Hossain ◽  
MAT Mia ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Living Culture ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Millipore Membrane ◽  
Varietal Screening

Several varietal screening methods were tested along with dipping dry seeds into millipore membrane filtrate of spore suspension of the pathogen and gibberellic acid (GA3) in different concentrations. It was found that GA3 can be used to screen out susceptible rice varieties against bakanae disease. The method which requires the use of GA3 is easier than the other methods for mass screening as it does not require maintaining living culture of the pathogen. The protocol of inoculum free varietal screening method for bakanae disease of rice was developed to find out resistant varieties from the huge collections of germplasm bank. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v42i2.18036 Bangladesh J. Bot. 42(2): 315-320, 2013 (December)

Sequencing of non-virulent strains of Fusarium fujikuroi reveals genes putatively involved in bakanae disease of rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 103622
Author(s):  
Edoardo Piombo ◽  
Marco Rosati ◽  
Martina Sanna ◽  
Monica Mezzalama ◽  
M. Lodovica Gullino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Virulent Strains

Activity of A Novel Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Fungicide Pydiflumetofen against Fusarium fujikuroi causing Rice Bakanae Disease

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Bai ◽  
Chun-Yan Gu ◽  
Rui Pan ◽  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Hao-Yu Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor

New fungicides are tools to manage fungal diseases and overcome emerging resistance in fugnal pathogens. In this study, a total of 121 isolates of Fusarium fujikuroi, the causal agent of rice bakanae disease (RBD), were collected from various geographical regions of China, and their sensitivity to a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI)fungicide ‘pydiflumetofen’ was evaluated. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) value of pydiflumetofen for mycelial growth suppression ranged from 0.0101 to 0.1012 μg/ml and for conidial germination inhibition ranged from 0.0051to 0.1082 μg/ml. Pydiflumetofen treated hyphae showed contortion and increased branching, cell membrane permeability, and glycerol content significantly. The result of electron microscope transmission indicated that pydiflumetofen damaged the mycelial cell wall and the cell membrane, and almost broken up the cells, which increased the intracellular plasma leakage. There was no cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and the widely used fungicides such as carbendazim, prochloraz, and phenamacril. Pydiflumetofen was found safe to seeds and rice seedlings of four rice cultivars, used up to 400 μg/ml. Seed treatment significantly decreased the rate of diseased plants in the greenhouse as well as in field trials in 2017 and 2018. Pydiflumetofen showed superb results against RBD, when used at 10 or 20 g a.i./100 kg of treated seeds, providing over 90% control efficacy (the highest control efficacy was up to 97%), which was significantly higher than that of 25% phenamacril (SC) at 10g or carbendazim at 100 g. Pydiflumetofen is highly effective against F. fujikuroi growth and sporulation as well as RBD in the field.

scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation Associated with Fumonisin and Gibberellin Production in JapaneseFusarium fujikuroi

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhisa Suga ◽  
Mitsuhiro Arai ◽  
Emi Fukasawa ◽  
Keiichi Motohashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gibberellin Production

ABSTRACTFusarium fujikuroiis a pathogenic fungus that infects rice. It produces several important mycotoxins, such as fumonisins. Fumonisin production has been detected in strains of maize, strawberry, and wheat, whereas it has not been detected in strains from rice seedlings infested with bakanae disease in Japan. We investigated the genetic relationships, pathogenicity, and resistance to a fungicide, thiophanate-methyl (TM), in 51 fumonisin-producing strains and 44 nonproducing strains. Phylogenetic analyses based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and two specific genes (a combined sequence of translation elongation factor 1α [TEF1α] and RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit [RPB2]) indicated differential clustering between the fumonisin-producing and -nonproducing strains. One of the AFLP markers, EATMCAY107, was specifically present in the fumonisin-producing strains. A specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) between the fumonisin-producing and nonproducing strains was also detected inRPB2, in addition to an SNP previously found inTEF1α. Gibberellin production was higher in the nonproducing than in the producing strains according to anin vitroassay, and the nonproducing strains had the strongest pathogenicity with regard to rice seedlings. TM resistance was closely correlated with the cluster of fumonisin-nonproducing strains. The results indicate that intraspecific evolution in JapaneseF. fujikuroiis associated with fumonisin production and pathogenicity. Two subgroups of JapaneseF. fujikuroi, designated G group and F group, were distinguished based on phylogenetic differences and the high production of gibberellin and fumonisin, respectively.IMPORTANCEFusarium fujikuroiis a pathogenic fungus that causes rice bakanae disease. Historically, this pathogen has been known asFusarium moniliforme, along with many other species based on a broad species concept. Gibberellin, which is currently known as a plant hormone, is a virulence factor ofF. fujikuroi. Fumonisin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin posing a serious threat to food and feed safety. Although it has been confirmed thatF. fujikuroiproduces gibberellin and fumonisin, production varies among strains, and individual production has been obscured by the traditional appellation ofF. moniliforme, difficulties in species identification, and variation in the assays used to determine the production of these secondary metabolites. In this study, we discovered two phylogenetic subgroups associated with fumonisin and gibberellin production in JapaneseF. fujikuroi.

Temperature and parasite life-history are important modulators of the outcome of Trypanosoma rangeli–Rhodnius prolixus interactions

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (11) ◽  
pp. 1459-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIANA DE O. RODRIGUES ◽  
MARCELO G. LORENZO ◽  
OLINDO A. MARTINS-FILHO ◽  
SIMON L. ELLIOT ◽  
ALESSANDRA A. GUARNERI
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Liver Infusion Tryptose ◽  
Insect Fitness ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYTrypanosoma rangeli is a protozoan parasite, which does not cause disease in humans, although it can produce different levels of pathogenicity to triatomines, their invertebrate hosts. We tested whether infection imposed a temperature-dependent cost on triatomine fitness using T. rangeli with different life histories. Parasites cultured only in liver infusion tryptose medium (cultured) and parasites exposed to cyclical passages through mice and triatomines (passaged) were used. We held infected insects at four temperatures between 21 and 30 °C and measured T. rangeli growth in vitro at the same temperatures in parallel. Overall, T. rangeli infection induced negative effects on insect fitness. In the case of cultured infection, parasite effects were temperature-dependent. Intermoult period, mortality rates and ecdysis success were affected in those insects exposed to lower temperatures (21 and 24 °C). For passaged-infected insects, the effects were independent of temperature, intermoult period being prolonged in all infected groups. Trypanosoma rangeli seem to be less tolerant to higher temperatures since cultured-infected insects showed a reduction in the infection rates and passaged-infected insects decreased the salivary gland infection rates in those insects submitted to 30 °C. In vitro growth of T. rangeli was consistent with these results.

scholarly journals First report of rice bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi Nirenberg in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315-1315
Author(s):  
Yeşim Eğerci ◽  
Pervin Kınay-Teksür ◽  
Ayşe Uysal-Morca
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals A New Mutation Genotype of K218T in Myosin-5 Confers Resistance to Phenamacril in Rice Bakanae Disease in the Field

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1151-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Wu ◽  
Y. N. Sun ◽  
X. J. Zhou ◽  
C. Q. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Fusarium Fujikuroi ◽  
New Mutation ◽  
Bakanae Disease ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Concentration Methods

In 2017 and 2018, a total of 294 Fusarium fujikuroi isolates were collected from bakanae-diseased rice plants in Jinhua, Shaoxing, and Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province, China. Phenamacril sensitivity of these isolates was determined by the 50% effective concentration value or minimum inhibitory concentration methods. Our results indicated that the phenamacril resistance frequency of F. fujikuroi increased from 18% in 2017 to 47% in 2018, and rice plants infected with F. fujikuroi-resistant isolates could not be protected effectively with 50 mg/liter of phenamacril. Phenamacril-resistant F. fujikuroi isolates obtained from rice fields showed stable resistance, because their fitness levels (i.e., mycelial growth, sporulation, and pathogenicity) were similar to the phenamacril-sensitive isolates. In addition to the point mutation at codon 219 in the myosin-5 gene that conferred resistance to phenamacril, our results also showed another point mutation at codon 218 (AAG→ACG) in myosin-5 that also conferred resistance to phenamacril. In this study, we found rapid development and persistence of diversified genotypes of phenamacril resistance, highlighting the importance of proper use of phenamacril in rice fields. Our results may also help researchers develop new fungicides or new control strategies using combinations of different fungicides in the control of phenamacril-resistant F. fujikuroi isolates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document