scholarly journals Estimation of genetic diversity for quantitative traits of commercial wheat (Triticum aestivum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Adnan Rasheed ◽  
Abdul Malik Solangi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Augmented Design ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
Selection Of

This research was conducted to assess the performance of wheat genotypes and to detect genotypes with adult plant resistance by evaluating them in a trap nursery. 36 commercial wheat cultivar were used in experiment. Morocco was sown on four sides of trial. Material was sown in augmented design. The data was recorded on different quantitative like Plant height (cm), no. of tillers/plant, spike length (cm), no of spikelets/plant, peduncle length (cm), stem diameter (mm) and flag leaf area. Selection of genotypes could be done from two main clusters to make cross for improvement of traits. No of tillers/plant, peduncle length, spike/length, spikelets/plant and plant height showed large genetic variability in Biplot and these variables could be used as selection criteria. Pak-81, Sindh-81, Mexipak-65, Sarsabaz, Chakwal-86 and Kiran-95 so these cultivars could be potentially used in future breeding programme for improvement of several quantitative traits according to results of Biplot analysis. Following genotypes were found moderate resistant against yellow rust viz. Anmol-9, Bahawalpur-200 and Bakhtawar-92 and could be used further in future breeding programme to stand against yellow ruts pressure. Maxipak-65 and WL-711 need to improve by incorporating yellow rust resistant genes.

scholarly journals Study on Genotypic Response and Correlation Analysis of the Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Different Barley (Hordeum Vulgare) Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
Deepak Vitrakoti ◽  
Sheetal Aryal ◽  
Santosh Rasaily ◽  
Bishnu Raj Ojha ◽  
Raju Kharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Peduncle Length

Barley, being a tremendous opportunities crop, we are far back regarding study, research and utilization. An experiment was conducted 2014-2015 to evaluate the barley genotypes for their yield attributing traits and correlation and causation. Eleven yield contributing traits viz., days to booting, heading and flowering; peduncle length, spike length, plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf-1 area, thousand grain weight, biological weight and yield per hectare were recorded. High significant variation among genotypes was found for traits under study. Genotypes SBYT3-13#1115 (1960 kg), 14-SB-NAK-MR#17 (1760 kg) and AM POP#26 (1660 kg) were found to be superior for their per se performance based on grain yield per hectare, yield attributing and other quantitative traits. Thousand grains weight (0.333) had positively highest significant correlation with grain yield per hectare followed by spike length (0.310). Grain yield per hectare showed negative highly significant correlation with days to flowering (-0.796) followed by days to heading (-0.761) and days to booting (-0.663). Peduncle length (0.229), plant height (0.226), biological weight (0.181) and flag leaf area (0.032) were positively correlated with grain yield per hectare while flag leaf-1 area(-0.029) was negatively correlated. Thus, selection for genotypes with higher thousand grain weight and spike length accommodating earlier days to flowering, heading and booting is a prerequisite for attaining improvement in grain yield per hectare.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 529-536

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability for quantitative traits in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Meghawal ◽  
G.M. Lal ◽  
Ranjana Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The present investigation consists of 34 genotypes with one local check (NDR-359) grown at field experimentation centre at the Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding, SHIATS, Allahabad evaluated for thirteen quantitative characters. All the genotypes differed significantly with respect to all the quantitative traits. High to moderate estimates of GCV and PCV were found for number of panicle per plant, number of tiller per plant, plant height and number of spikelet’s per panicle, indicating these traits could be use for selection in crop improvement. Plant height, number of spikelet’s per panicle, test weight and flag leaf length exhibited high values for broad sense heritability. Number of spikelet’s and plant height showed highest genetic advance coupled with high heritability, which is also exhibited by number of panicle per plant, number of tillers per plant and plant height suggesting pre dominance of additive gene action in the expression of these traits.

scholarly journals Effect of Spraying with Nano Silica and Water Salinity Levels on Growth and Yield of Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012058
Author(s):  
RaghebH. Ajmi Al-bourky ◽  
Mohammed Radwan Mahmoud ◽  
Salama Tahseen Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Salinity Levels

Abstract A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2020-2021 at research station of the College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna (Al - Bandar) to study the effect of spraying with nano silica and salinity levels of irrigation water on the growth and yield of wheat. The experiment was applied in a strip split plot design. With three replications, the spraying included three concentrations of silica (3, 6, 9 ppm) and three concentrations of irrigation water salinity (3, 6, 9 ds m−1). The results indicated that the level of 9 ppm sprayed exceeded significantly in the following traits and gave the highest means.: plant height 84.26 cm, number of tillers 354.10 m2 tillers, area of flag leaf 40.19 cm2, spike length 9.89 cm, number of spikes 288.93 m2 and yield 4.27 tons ha−1. The results also indicated that the increase in salinity level led to a decrease in the characteristics of plant height 82.22 cm, number of tillers 319.43 m2 tillers, area of flag leaf 39.93 cm2, spike length 9.19 cm, number of spikes 260.13 m2, and yield, which amounted to 3.86 tons ha−1.

scholarly journals Correlation and path analysis in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of wheat (Trticum aestivum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Ramesh Ramesh ◽  
Shailesh Marker ◽  
S. Muniswamy ◽  
Yamanura Yamanura
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Selection Of

Correlation and path coefficient analysis were studied in 22 heat tolerant Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) of wheat. Analysis of variance revealed the significant difference among genotypes for all the characters. Suggested that there was ample scope for selection of promising RILs for yield improvement. A wide range of variability was exhibited by most of the traits. The results of correlation studies indicated that genotypic correlation coefficients were higher in magnitude than their corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients for all the traits which indicated that association among these characters was under genetic control and indicating the preponderance of genetic variance in expression of characters. Grain yield per plant had high, significant and positive association with number of grains per spike, spike weight, spike length, canopy temperature depression, tillers per plant, grain filling period and chlorophyll content both at genotypic and phenotypic levels indicating that these traits were main yield attributing traits. Path analysis revealed that grains per spike, tillers per plant, spike length, had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by flag leaf length, flag leaf width, days 50% heading, plant height, grain filling period, membrane stability and days to maturity at genotypic level. The selection of characters such as grains per spike, tillers per plant, spike length and spike weight would be helpful for further improvement in RILs of wheat.

scholarly journals Genetic-environment interaction and genetic advance of superior wheat mutants by Francis and Kannenberg’s method

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
M Sarkar ◽  
J Naher ◽  
AT Hasan ◽  
TM Nazim ◽  
UK Nath
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Yield Attributes

Increasing salinity, in the coastal area, is one of the major reasons of reducing wheat production. It is necessary to develop high yielding salt tolerant genotypes for sustainable yield of wheat in these areas. In our previous study, 37 lines were selected based on Francis and Kannenberg (1978) method following mean and standard deviation (SD) constructed in scattered plot diagram. In the present study, these selected lines along with ‘Prodip’ were grown in two different conditions: one is non-saline condition (BINA, Mymensingh) and another is saline condition (BINA, Satkhira). These wheat genotypes were evaluated to select the best performing lines which are stable in both the environment for their yield attributes. In RCBD trail with 3 replications, it was revealed that there were variations for plant height, flag leaf duration, spike length, spikelets per spike, 100-grain weight, number of tiller and yield per plant. Plant height, spikelets per spike and yield per plant showed higher heritability, higher phenotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance. However, spike length, number of tiller and flag leaf duration showed medium heritability. Genotype-environment interaction and stability analysis showed variation for plant height, flag leaf duration, 100 grain weight and yield per plant and the line L-61-18, L-879-2, L-879-22, L-880-7, L-880-18 and L-880-43 were the most potential and stable genotypes in both saline and non-saline environments for yield. Higher selection score was obtained from L-880-38 followed by L-879-34 and L-880-36 and lower selection score was obtained from L-880-34 respectively. Importance should be given on plant height, spike length, spikelet per spike and yield per plant for selection of salt tolerant wheat line in future wheat research programme. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 20-31, 2019

Effect of wheat genotype on the phenotype of wheat × jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) hybrids

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maqsood Rehman ◽  
Jennifer L. Hansen ◽  
Jack Brown ◽  
William Price ◽  
Robert S. Zemetra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Wheat Genotype ◽  
Jointed Goatgrass ◽  
Flag Leaf Width ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Wheat Parent

Jointed goatgrass is a troublesome weed in winter wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Wheat and jointed goatgrass (JGG) can cross and produce hybrids in the field that can serve as a potential bridge for gene migration between the two species. To determine the potential for gene movement it is important to be able to identify hybrids in the field. To study the effect of wheat genotype on hybrid phenotype, reciprocal crosses were made between JGG and two common wheat cultivars: ‘Brundage 96’, ‘Hubbard’, a common-type advanced breeding line: ‘87–52814A’, and a club wheat cultivar: ‘Rhode’. Hybrids and parents were measured for plant height, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, and number of spikelets. Reciprocal effects were nonsignificant for all characteristics measured, indicating that hybrid morphology was not affected by the direction of the cross. Hybrids were different from their wheat parents for spike length, plant height, and flag leaf width. Hybrids produced from each of the wheat parents were uniform in phenotypic characters. Spikes were intermediate in circumference (size) from crosses between JGG and common wheat lines; however, club wheat × JGG crosses resulted in spikes that were more similar to common wheat. Spike size and flag leaf width for all hybrids also were intermediate between their parents. Hybrids differed in spike size and awn characteristics because of unique characteristics of the wheat parent. Based on these results, it should be possible to identify hybrids in the field accurately, regardless of the wheat parent or direction of the cross unless the parent is a club wheat.

scholarly journals The Effect of Chelated Zinc and Nano-Zinc and Interaction on Growth Traits of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abed Mohammed Al-Toki ◽  
Rahim Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract The field experiment was carried out in one of the farmers’ fields in Al-Fajr district, Dhi Qar governorate, located 90 km north of Nasiriyah city center, during the agricultural season 2020-2021. To show the effect of spraying different levels of chelated and nano zinc on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was conducted using factorial experiments according to the complete block design (RCBD). The experiment included two factors, the first factor using chelated zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1), and the second factor using nano-zinc at five levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 mg. L−1). The results show that chelated zinc was a significant effect on the leaf area, the flag leaf, tiller number and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on plant height and spike length. As for the zinc nanoparticles, it had a significant effect on leaf area and chlorophyll, and no significant effect on the plant height, spike length and the tiller number. While the interaction affected significantly the leaf area, and no significantly affect the plant height, spike length, tiller number and chlorophyll.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted Selection in Fish: A Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Trait Improvement ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Selective Breeding Programme ◽  
Selection Of

The important economical traits like body growth, resistance to diseases, meat quality, etc. highly influence the profitability of food animals including fishes. The main target of every selective breeding programme is to produce improved traits offspring’s. However, improvement of performance traits through traditional phenotype-based selection needs several generations to optimise these characters. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) is a type of indirect method of selection of better performing breeding individuals. MAS is beneficial when the traits are difficult, expensive to measure and has both low heritability and recessive traits. MAS facilitates the exploitation of existing genetic diversity in breeding populations and can be used to improve desirable traits in livestock. MAS depends on identifying the link between a genetic marker and Quantitative Traits Loci (QTL). The distance between marker and target traits determines the association of the marker with the QTL. After identifying the markers linked to QTL, they can be used in the selective breeding programme to select the brooders having better genetic potential for the targeted trait. Improvement of performance traits through MAS is fast and more accurate and allows us to understand the genetic mechanism affecting performance traits.

scholarly journals Genetic variability studies in seven accessions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Moench.) using nine quantitative traits and chlorophyll content of leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronke Justina Komolafe ◽  
James Oludare Agbolade ◽  
Abiodun Akeem Ajiboye ◽  
Rofiat Temitope Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Peduncle Length

Seven accessions of Vigna unguiculata were evaluated for variation in phenotypic traits and chlorophyll content of the cowpea leaves. Each accession was planted in a plastic container in triplicates in a Completely Randomised Block Design and evaluated based on nine quantitative traits. The morphological characters such as plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, peduncle length, number of pods per plant, terminal leaf length, terminal leaf width, number of main branches and number of nodes were determined at maturity. The leaf chlorophyll content was determined using spectrophotometer set at a wavelength of 634nm, 648nm and 470nm. Accession UAMO910556 has the highest plant height of 91.58cm, followed by accession IT97K- 499-35 with plant height of 50.33cm, while accession NGB0050 has the lowest plant height of 22.43cm. Accession T107K-297-13 has the highest peduncle length, number of main branches, number of nodes on main stem, number of leaves and highest number of pod which are significantly different from other accessions for the trait studied. Accession T107K-297-13 also has the highest content of chlorophylls a and b and highest total chlorophyll content. This shows that accession T107K-297-13 is the most diverse genotype with high quality of trait and so it could be selected for further breeding work.

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