scholarly journals DETERMINAÇÃO DE CLORIDRATO DE FLUOXETINA EM MEDICAMENTOS POR ESPECTROSCOPIA VIBRACIONAL NO INFRAVERMELHO COM TRANSFORMADA DE FOURIER

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Cleber Ricachenevsky ◽  
Douglas Cubas Pereira ◽  
Andreza Ribeiro Simioni ◽  
Milton Beltrame Junior ◽  
Kumiko Koibuchi Sakane
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Fluoxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Over Time

RESUMOA depressão está atualmente entre as doenças mais prevalentes do planeta, interferindo drasticamente na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Os medicamentos antidepressivos inibidores da recaptação da serotonina são bastante eficazes e com baixo problema de aceitação e extremamente seguros para uso, sendo da linha da frente no tratamento antidepressivo. O amplo uso de cloridrato de fluoxetina nos últimos anos tem requerido o desenvolvimento de métodos de análise, e este trabalho propõe avaliar qualitativamente, através da espectroscopia infravermelha com Transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), medicamentos de referência, genéricos e similares com o princípio ativo cloridrato de fluoxetina, fora e dentro do prazo, para averiguar o grau de alteração com o decorrer do tempo. Foram confeccionadas 41 pastilhas em KBr e extraídos os espectros na faixa de 4000 a 700 cm-1, com resolução de 4 cm-1, no modo de transmissão, com 32 varreduras à temperatura controlada de 18 a 20oC. Foi utilizado o espectrofotômetro Spectrum GX FT-IR da Perkin-Elmer, os espectros foram pré-processados com Spectrum 5.2 utilizando correções de linha de base, suavização espectral utilizando algoritmo Savitzky-Golay com 9 pontos e normalização.  A banda analítica em 1334 cm-1 que corresponde à vibração do estiramento da ligação C-F foi utilizada para identificação do princípio ativo nos medicamentos comerciais e acompanhada para estudo de degradação do medicamento com o tempo. As principais diferenças nos espectros infravermelhos dos medicamentos dentro e fora do prazo de validade foram as intensidades das bandas. A redução nas absorções foi observada em todos os grupos analisados. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a técnica de espectroscopia no infravermelho- FTIR é viável para análise qualitativa, por se tratar de uma técnica simples, rápida e de baixo custo, gerando resultados precisos.Palavras-chave: Espectroscopia infravermelha. Fluoxetina. Inibidor seletivo da recaptação da Serotonina.  Controle de qualidade. ABSTRACTDepression is currently among the most prevalent diseases on the planet, drastically affecting the quality of life of individuals. Antidepressant drugs that inhibit serotonin reuptake are quite effective and have a low acceptance problem and are extremely safe to use, being at the forefront of antidepressant treatment. The widespread use of fluoxetine hydrochloride in recent years has required the development of methods of analysis, and this work proposes to evaluate qualitatively, through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), reference drugs, generics and similar with the principle active fluoxetine hydrochloride, outside and within the time limit, to analyze the degree of change over time. 41 KBr tablets were made and the spectra in the range 4000 to 700 cm-1 were extracted, with a resolution of 4 cm-1, in transmission mode, with 32 sweeps at a controlled temperature of 18 to 20oC. Perkin-Elmer's Spectrum GX FT-IR spectrophotometer was used, spectra were pre-processed with Spectrum 5.2 using baseline corrections, spectral smoothing using 9-point Savitzky-Golay algorithm and normalization. The 1334 cm-1 analytical band, which corresponds to the stretching vibration of the C-F bond, was used to identify the active principle in commercial drugs and followed up to study the degradation of the drug over time. The main differences in the infrared spectra of drugs within and beyond the expiration date were the band intensities. The reduction in absorptions was observed in all groups analyzed. The results obtained show that the infrared-FTIR spectroscopy technique is feasible for qualitative analysis, as it is a simple, fast, and low-cost technique, generating accurate results.Keywords: Infrared Spectroscopy. Fluoxetine. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Quality control.

scholarly journals Quantification and Classification of Diclofenac Sodium Content in Dispersed Commercially Available Tablets by Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Eirini Siozou ◽  
Vasilios Sakkas ◽  
Nikolaos Kourkoumelis
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ft Ir

A new methodology, based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with an attenuated total reflectance accessory (ATR FT-IR), was developed for the determination of diclofenac sodium (DS) in dispersed commercially available tablets using chemometric tools such as partial least squares (PLS) coupled with discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results of PLS-DA depicted a perfect classification of the tablets into three different groups based on their DS concentrations, while the developed model with PLS had a sufficiently low root mean square error (RMSE) for the prediction of the samples’ concentration (~5%) and therefore can be practically used for any tablet with an unknown concentration of DS. Comparison with ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectrophotometry as the reference method revealed no significant difference between the two methods. The proposed methodology exhibited satisfactory results in terms of both accuracy and precision while being rapid, simple and of low cost.

FT-IR Spectroscopic Study of 1,5-Pentanedithiol and 1,6-Hexanedithiol Adsorbed on NaA, CaA and NaY Zeolites

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Öztürk ◽  
Çağrı Çırak ◽  
Semiha Bahçeli
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic ◽  
Nay Zeolites

The adsorption of 1,5-pentanedithiol (1,5-PDT) and 1,6-hexanedithiol (1,6-HDT) in liquid phases on NaA (or 4A-type), CaA (or 5A-type) and NaY zeolites has been studied by using infrared spectroscopy. From the IR spectra it is found that the peak positions of the symmetric as well as the antisymmetric modes of the methylene (CH2) groups are observed at almost the same band values for the title dithiolates adsorbed on the A-type and NaY zeolites. On the other hand, the weak SH stretching vibration, observed for all samples, can be attributed to the sulphure atoms of 1,5-PDT and 1,6-HDT coordinatively adsorbed on cationic sites of the zeolites.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Salt Plate Holder for Micro FT-1R

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
James Benko
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Potassium Bromide ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Instrumental Technique ◽  
Salt Crystals ◽  
Ft Ir

FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy is an instrumental technique for measuring the infrared spectrum of materials. Many organic compounds have characteristic spectra that can be used for their identification, and specific functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl. amine, etc.) have characteristic bands at certain frequencies.Microscopes have been coupled to FT-IR instruments and allow the IR spectrum determination of single particles. This greatly increases the identification possibilities of small particles and contaminants. These particles can be mounted on sodium chloride or potassium bromide salt crystals, since these materials are transparent to infrared radiation.

High-Resolution Vibrational Spectra of Furazan IV. The Aj Fundamental v2 at ~ 1418 cm-1 from Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 692-698
Author(s):  
Otto L. Stiefvater ◽  
Stefan Klee
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Excited State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Band Origin ◽  
Asymmetric Rotor ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Microwave Data

Abstract The band origin of the A1 mode v2 , which represents the symmetrical stretching vibration of the two C = N bonds of furazan, has been determined from the high-resolution FT-IR band as v20 = 1418.4724± 0.0001 cm-1. The rotational parameters of this excited state, as determined in a preceding DRM microwave study, have been confirmed and their precision was raised through the combined fit of microwave data and of some 2500 rovibrational transitions.The use of conjugate low-J Q-branch lines for the determination of the origin of a B-type IR band of an asymmetric rotor is illustrated.

Novel Lightpipes for Infrared Spectroscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1194-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Saggese ◽  
J. A. Harrington ◽  
G. H. Sigel ◽  
R. Altkorn ◽  
R. Haidle
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Infrared Transmission ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Ft Ir

The fabrication and temperature-dependent mid-infrared transmission characteristics of gold-on-nickel, silver-on-nickel, silica, and sapphire hollow lightpipes are discussed. The metal tubes offer improved low-temperature transmission and more versatile fabrication methods than do conventional FT-IR lightpipes. The dielectric tubes offer extremely low loss in certain spectral regions, outstanding high-temperature performance, and, in some cases, sufficiently low cost to be considered disposable.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy as a Method for Monitoring the Molecular Dynamics of Lymphocyte Activation

2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayden R. Wood ◽  
Brian Tait ◽  
Donald McNaughton
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Resting Lymphocytes ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Over Time

In this paper we report the application of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy to monitor the molecular dynamics of lymphocyte activation. Infrared spectra of lymphocytes stimulated with the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin-L show spectral features 15 min after initial stimulation that are not apparent in resting lymphocytes. By analyzing the second-order derivatives of the raw spectra and applying principal components analysis (PCA), we conclude that the major spectral changes observed in the first hour result from an increase in overall RNA synthesis. Bands characteristic of RNA at 1244, 1080, 1050, 970, 1160, and 1120 cm−1 appear progressively more intense over time in the spectra of activated lymphocytes. The magnitude of these changes increases over time as the cell differentiates into a blast cell. The sensitivity of infrared spectroscopy to RNA moieties and the rapidity of the technique suggest a possible future role for FT-IR spectroscopy in histocompatibility testing.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of a Novel Aniline-Based Polyorganodisulfide

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1174-1178
Author(s):  
Yu Zhi Su ◽  
Xin Biao Liu ◽  
Si Xie ◽  
Yu Ling Wu ◽  
Yu Fei Song
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cathodic Peak ◽  
Electrochemical Reversibility ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Facile Preparation

From facile preparation method and available low-cost raw materials, we have synthesized a novel kind of aniline-based organodisulfide bis(2-aminobenzyl) disulfide (OABD) and its homopolymer (POABD). The polymer POABD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammetry tests reveal that the redox of the S-S bonds behavior in the anodic and cathodic peak potentials differences for poly(bis(2-aminobenzyl) disulfide) is 70 mV. The results indicated that poly(bis(2-aminobenzyl) disulfide) has an excellent electrochemical reversibility.

scholarly journals A Simple Approach to Distinguish Classic and Formaldehyde-Free Tannin Based Rigid Foams by ATR FT-IR

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Tondi ◽  
Martin Link ◽  
Chuan Wei Oo ◽  
Alexander Petutschnigg
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Band Intensity ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Chemical Difference ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Rigid Foams

Tannin based rigid foams (TBRFs) have been produced with formaldehyde since 1994. Only recently several methods have been developed in order to produce these foams without using formaldehyde. TBRFs with and without formaldehyde are visually indistinguishable; therefore a method for determining the differences between these foams had to be found. The attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) investigation of the TBRFs presented in this paper allowed discrimination between the formaldehyde-containing (classic) and formaldehyde-free TBRFs. The spectra of the formaldehyde-free TBRFs, indeed, present decreased band intensity related to the C–O stretching vibration of (i) the methylol groups and (ii) the furanic rings. This evidence served to prove the chemical difference between the two TBRFs and explained the slightly higher mechanical properties measured for the classic TBRFs.

Milk acetone determination by the photometrical method after microdiffusion and via FT infra-red spectroscopy

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Václava Genčurová ◽  
Yunhai Zhang ◽  
Pavel Hering ◽  
Jaroslav Kopecký ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Subclinical Ketosis ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Variation Range ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Infrared Method ◽  
Photometrical Method

Milk acetone determination by the photometrical method after microdiffusion and via FT infra-red spectroscopyMilk acetone (AC) and betahydroxybutyrate (BHB) are important indicators of the energy metabolism of cows (ketosis occurrence) and an effective method for their determination, with reliable results, is of great importance. The goal of this work was to investigate the infrared method MIR-FT in terms of its calibration for milk AC and to develop a usable procedure. The microdiffusion photometric (485 nm; Spekol 11) method was used with salicylaldehyde as a reference (Re) and mid infrared spectroscopy FT (MIR-FT: Lactoscope FT-IR, Delta; MilkoScan FT 6000, M-Sc) as an indirect method. The acetone addition to milk had no recovery using MIR-FT (Delta). The reference AC set must have acceptable statistics for good MIR-FT calibration (M-Sc) and they were: 10.1 ± 9.74 at a geometric mean of 7.26 mg l-1, and a variation range from 1.98 to 33.66 mg l-1. The AC correlation between Re and MIR-FT (Delta) was low at 0.32 (P>0.05 but the Log AC relationship between Re and MIR-FT (M-Sc) was markedly better at 0.80 (P<0.01). The conversion of >10 mg l-1 as an AC subclinical ketosis limit could be > -0.80 (feedback 0.158 mmol l-1 = 9.25 mg l-1) and > -1.66. This could be important for ketosis monitoring (using M-Sc).

Competitive Biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Functionalised Micropogonias undulates Scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Ibrahim O. Tijani ◽  
Oluwaseun J. Ajala ◽  
Fisayo O. Ayandele ◽  
Omodele A. Eletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Competitive Biosorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Best Fit

Background: Modified bio-based adsorbents from plant sources can be used for pollution remediation by adsorption due to their low cost and availability in large quantities. Objective: In this study, the competitive biosorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by Micropogonias undulates functionalised fish scales (FFS) was conducted. The functionalisation was done by wet impregnation with Fe2+. Method: The biosorbent was characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Branueur–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. Results: The major constituents in the FFS were calcium and phosphorus from the collagen and apatite on the scales. Optimum removal efficiency for both metals was >99% at 10 g/l dosage. It was observed that the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo second order kinetics model were the best fit for the experimental data. The monolayer adsorption capacity of FFS for Pb(II) and Cu(II) was observed to be 96.15 mg/g and 100 mg/g respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the competitive biosorption of heavy metals can be achieved (at a good adsorption capacity) using functionalised Micropogonias undulates fish scales.

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