scholarly journals Eastern policy of Mengu-Timur (1266-1282)

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Igor' Vladimirovich Antonov
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mongol Empire ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The object of this research is the political history of the Ulus of Jochi as a part of the Great Mongol Empire. The subject of this is the Eastern policy of Mengu-Timur – the 6th ruler of the Ulus of Jochi (1266-1282). The author examines such aspects of the topic as the relationship of Mengu-Timur with the rulers of the uluses of Hulagu – Abaga, Chagatay – Borak, Ugedei – Kaidu, decisions made by the representatives of the uluses of Jochi, Chagatay and Ugedei in Talas Kurultai. Special attention is given to the analysis of relationship between Mengu-Timur and the ruler of the Central Ulus of Kublai, who founded the Yuan Empire. Comparative analysis is conducted on the written sources and scientific works on the topic. The sequence of events is reconstructed in chronological order. The author agrees with his predecessors that Mengu-Timur became the first sovereign ruler of the Ulus of Jochi. The scientific novelty consists in the conclusion that entitlement of Mengu-Timur as independent monarch was not a decision of Talas Kurultai. In Talas Kurultai in 1269 Kaidu was recognized as the leader of the right wing of the Mongol Empire, which included the Ulus of Jochi, Chagatay and Ugedei. The relations with the Great Khan in Kurultai were not settled, and the independence of uluses was not proclaimed. In the early 1370s, Mengu-Timur was named qayan, i.e. the supreme ruler above the khan. In 1277, Kublai's sons Numugan and Kukju were caught by the rebels, who sent them to Mengu-Timur. He did not support the rebels, but kept the son of Kublai. Since that moment, Mengu-Timur did was not subordinate to Kublai or Haidu, did not interfere into the conflict between them, restraining both of them from military clashes. Although Mengu-Timur maintained peaceful relations with other uluses, he was qayan title was not recognized.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Modern surgery and its relation to practical medicine

1903 ◽  
Vol 3 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 380-391
Author(s):  
V. L. Borman
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Practical Medicine ◽  
Interesting Topic ◽  
Introductory Lecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

It is accepted and consecrated by custom that every university lecturer who joins the honorary faculty should begin to read his or her lectures with an introductory speech on the subject or the history of the subject to be taught in the following presentation, or the lecturer should develop his or her views before the students on the subject that is relevant to the course; finally, it may serve as a no less interesting topic for the introductory lecture and the outline of the instructional plan with the motivation of its individual points.I currently intend to develop my views on the relationship of surgery to certain areas of internal medicine and talk about the importance of surgical diagnostics for the practitioner.

The People: Ethnoracial Configurations, Old and New

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Leila Brännström
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Association ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

In recent years the Sweden Democrats have championed a clarification of the identity of the ‘the people’ in the Instrument of government. The reference, they argue, should be to the ethnic group of Swedes. This chapter will take this ambition to fix the subject of popular sovereignty as the point of departure for discussing some of the ways in which the contemporary anti-foreigner political forces of Northern and Western Europe imagine ‘the people’ and identify their allies and enemies within and beyond state borders. To set the stage for this exploration the chapter will start by looking at Carl Schmitt’s ideas about political friendship, and more specifically the way he imagines the relationship between ‘us’ in a political and constitutional sense and ‘the people’ in national and ethnoracial terms. The choice to begin with Schmitt is not arbitrary. His thoughts about the nature of the political association have found their way into the discourse of many radical right-wing parties of Western and Northern Europe.

scholarly journals Tecnologia, ciência e o papel da educação: a ponderação da crítica de Theodor W. Adorno

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Monteiro Chaves ◽  
Gomercindo Ghiggi
Keyword(s):  
Human Action ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Theodor Adorno ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Consideration

Resumo: Considerando o avanço das tecnologias bem como o binômio indissociável formado por ela e pela ciência – e consequentemente atrelados à educação –, configurando práticas enraizadas culturalmente na sociedade atual, o presente artigo traz como objetivo central discutir a relação da técnica (tékhné) com a concepção de homem que se quer formar, à luz das críticas adornianas. Ponderando o imperativo de subverter a ideologia utilitarista da educação, tal reflexão se justifica pela necessidade de compreensão do papel do educador, bem como da instituição escolar, mediante tal avanço nos últimos tempos. Concluindo que esta relação não pode suceder de maneira alienada, acrítica e indiferente, pois uma educação após Auschwitz deve certamente estar receptiva à relevância essencial da tecnologia em um mundo contemporâneo. No entanto, não é o sujeito que está a serviço dela e sim a relação contrária, em que o educando possa valer-se dos recursos tecnológicos como mais uma dimensão do agir humano. Como potente braço prolongado do operari humano, pensada como acontecimento paradigmático na história do ser. Palavras-chave: Theodor Adorno; tecnologia; educação; professor. TECHNOLOGY, SCIENCE AND THE ROLE OF EDUCATION: A CRITICAL CONSIDERATION OF THEODOR W. ADORNO Abstract: Considering the advancement of technologies as well as the inseparable duo formed by her and science - and thus tied to education - setting culturally rooted practices in today's society, this paper aims at discussing the relationship of technique (tékhné) with the concept of man constructed in the light of adornian criticism. Given the imperative to subvert the utilitarian ideology of education. Such reflection is justified by the necessity of understanding the role of the educator as well as the school, by this advance in recent times. Concluding that this relationship can not succeed in an alienated, uncritical and indifferent way, since an education after Auschwitz should certainly be receptive to the special importance of technology in a contemporary world. However, it is not the subject who is in her service, but the opposite relationship, in which the student can make use of technological resources as another dimension of human action. A powerful extended arm of human operari, thought as paradigmatic event in the history of being. Keywords: Theodor Adorno; technology; education; teacher.  

scholarly journals A review of the memoirs of the Governor of the Samara region Konstantin Alekseevich Titov in the journal Samara Destinies. Samara, 2019, no. 9

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
S. N. Abrashkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Political Career ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The review analyzes the memoirs of the first governor of the Samara region in the modern history of Russia Konstantin Alekseevich Titov. The ex-governor recorded the most important events of his political career, presented the personal characteristics of statesmen of the period of the 1990-s and early 2000-s. As a result of the study, it was found that in the memoirs of K.A.Titov, the relationship of the Samara governor with statesmen and representatives of the political elite of the Russian Federation is presented and fragmented his activities as a regional head of one of the largest regions of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The Power and Psychology of Power

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Peshraw A. Mohammed Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Current Reality

Power is the legitimate use of force in a socially acceptable manner, the legitimate force exercised by a person or group over others. The element of legitimacy is an important element of the idea of ​​power, which is the primary means by which power distinguishes itself from other, more general concepts of force. Force can be imposed forcibly or violently. On the other hand, the Authority relies on the acceptance of the subordinates, granting the right to those above them to issue orders or directives. the relationship of psychology and political power is a strong relationship, and through the study of the psychology of the masses and rulers in any state or region can be interpreted and predict the behavior of power and the masses in this country, and the subject of authority in the Kurdistan region as a subject directly related to the subject of psychology of power and the quality of this authority in this region is a place Controversy for everyone who monitors and deals with this power, so determine the quality of power and how to conduct it through the study of the psychology of power, according to current reality and one of the most important jobs for researchers in the Kurdistan Region so we know the quality of political authority in this region, so we try in this modest research to determine the quality and type of power in the Kurdistan Region through the analysis of the psychology of power in Kurdistan region.

scholarly journals Ukraine in the history of the movement for the conservation of geological heritage in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Volodymyr V. Manyuk ◽  
Olesia V. Bondar ◽  
Oleh V. Yaholnyk
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
First Nature

The paper focuses on the history of the movement for preservation of geological heritage of Ukraine, closely related to the history of geoconservation in Europe; determines the relationship of the extent of geodiversity and geological structure of a certain country, political system, historical traditions and attitude towards wildlife and inanimate nature. Despite the fact that geodiversity and biodiversity have always been in parallel, traditionally all nations in all the continents have focused more on the preservation of so-called wildlife. The article describes that preservation of the so-called inanimate nature; provides a rather sufficient analysis of literature sources which report on the problem of preserving bio- and geodiversity not only in Ukraine, but also in other countries of Europe. In particular, the combination of biotic and abiotic constituents of nature proved to be an essential aspect in determining the place of the world`s first nature reserve and location of an important centre of Buddhism in Mihintale, Sri Lanka. The start of the movement for preservation of so-called inanimate nature in Europe could, with a certain extent of possibility, be considered the first historical written mention of the subject, which was declared in the 10th Chapter of Third Statute of Lithuania in 1588. That is protection of rivers against artificial change of their banks, change in currents and preservation of large erratic boulders. As an important stage of the beginning of the movement for preservation of the so-called inanimate, can be considered the year 1668, when in Germany the Baumannshöhle cave was preserved. It was first mentioned in the literature in 1565, and in 1646 the cave became an object of tourism. During the analysis of the historical stage related to the movement ProGEO, we emphasizes international events in which the representatives of the Ukrainian ProGEO group took part. Active work of the Ukrainian ProGEO group created conditions for transition to a new level of geoconservation, i.e. determination of the possibility of creating a new category of objects of the Nature-Reserve fund of Ukraine – geological parks (geoparks) as important locations for the development of geotourism and territories of complex conservation of the natural environment.

scholarly journals The ‘new’ League success in the red belt and its post-fascist inheritance: evidence from 2018 National Elections

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moreno Mancosu ◽  
Riccardo Ladini
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Lega Nord ◽  
First Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

In 2018 national elections, the Lega, an Italian xenophobic right-wing party, has dramatically increased its consensus in the ‘red belt’, the central part of the country traditionally ruled by center-left parties. Pundits have argued that this performance can be attributed to the effect of the new leadership of Matteo Salvini, who shifted the ideological location of the party (that now aims at being a national right-wing party), combined with the drop in preferences of Forza Italia, the ally/competitor in the right-wing ideological spectrum. This paper aims at providing new insights in the explanation of these electoral outcomes, by hypothesizing that geographical trajectories of diffusion of the party are correlated with the presence of geographically clustered post-fascist minorities present in the region since the First Republic age. By employing official figures at the municipality level, the paper analyses the relationship between the percentages of votes for the MSI (the most relevant post-fascist force during the First Republic) in 1976 and the Lega Nord in the 2006-2018 period. Consistent with our hypothesis, the post-fascist inheritance is significantly correlated with the local prevalence for the Lega Nord in 2018, after the change in the political discourse and leadership of the party. Empirical analyses provide evidence of our expectations, even when controlling for unemployment rate and percentage of immigrants.

Abductive, presumptive and plausible arguments

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Walton
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Argumentation Schemes ◽  
Argumentation Scheme ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Current practice in logic increasingly accords recognition to abductive, presumptive or plausible arguments, in addition to deductive and inductive arguments. But there is uncertainty about what these terms exactly mean, what the differences between them are (if any), and how they relate. By examining some analyses ofthese terms and some of the history of the subject (including the views of Peirce and Cameades), this paper sets out considerations leading to a set of definitions, discusses the relationship of these three forms of argument to argumentation schemes and sets out a new argumentation scheme for abductive argument.

A New Sion? Reform, Rebellion, and Colonization c. 1625–1640

The Puritans ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 206-251
Author(s):  
David D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
British History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Charles I ◽  
Unique Event ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Politics Of Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Civil Politics ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter studies how, in the aftermath of his failure to subdue the Scottish insurgency by military means, Charles I authorized the election of two new parliaments. Its policies were so at odds with Charles I's understanding of monarchy and the true church that the outcome was civil war in England between supporters of the king and supporters of Parliament. Explaining this sequence of events tests every historian of 1630s and 1640s Britain. The puzzles are many. In the context of this book, the most significant of these is the relationship between civil politics and the politics of religion. Intertwined throughout the history of the English and Scottish reformations, their relationship tightened in the practice and rhetoric of Charles I and the party he favored, here known as the Laudians. Like his immediate predecessors, the young king took for granted that opposition to his version of true religion was equivalent to challenging his authority as king. At once, the religious and the political become inseparable. Before 1640, the political and the religious in Scotland had also become intertwined, but in a quite different manner. There, it was being argued that a monarch's policies were corrupting a perfect church. And there a unique event in British history unfolded.

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