Exploration Health Risks: Probabalistic Risk Assessment

The demand for Indonesian opah fish as an export product is increasing in the international market. Three countries (Malaysia, Mauritius, and Taiwan) recorded as the leading export destination of Indonesian opah fish. However, as the fish kept in a frozen state during export transportation, the endogenous formaldehyde may increase over time. This research presented the health risk assessment of population in the leading export destination countries that consumed opah fish from Indonesia. The study aimed to reveal the most potential export destination country that may accept an increasing volume of opah fish supply from Indonesia. The potency was determined from current export volume, the amount of endogenous formaldehyde content, and fish consumption at each country. The data were calculated with @Risk®7.0 software. The results showed opah fish consumed by Malaysian can be categorized as safe. Increasing the number of opah fish imported by Malaysian as much as six times, 12 times, 18 times, 27 and 36 times relatively does not cause health risks related to the presence of its endogenous formaldehyde. Moreover, opah fish consumed by Taiwanese is also safe, but with increasing the number of consumptions by more than 26 times is suspected to be potentially causing a health problem. However, opah fish consumed in Mauritius was categorized as unsafe and potentially caused health risks. Based on these results, Indonesia may consider to increase the opah fish export to Malaysia and Taiwan in the future.

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Frequency and Prioritization of Patient Health Risks from a Structured Health Risk Assessment

The Annals of Family Medicine ◽

10.1370/afm.1717 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 505-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

S. M. Phillips ◽

R. E. Glasgow ◽

G. Bello ◽

M. G. Ory ◽

B. A. Glenn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Patient Health

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Risk Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in Two Fish Species Oreochromis Niloticus and Clarias Gariepinus from Sharqia Province, Egypt

Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Research ◽

10.47739/veterinarymedicine.1204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Nahla S El-Shenawy ◽

Heba N Gad EL-Hak ◽

Mahi A Ghobashy ◽

Maha FM Soliman ◽

Farida A Mansour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Critical Problem ◽

Potential Health

Accumulation of heavy metals in fish is considered a critical problem for human health. Therefore, the study aimed to quantify the concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from two areas in Al Sharqia governorate, Egypt, from September 2017 to August 2018. A human health risk assessment was conducted to evaluate the potential hazards associated with fish consumption. Metals concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) in muscles of catfish ranged 1.88-221.26 for Fe; 1.78-19.77 for Zn; BDL-238.51 for Mn; BDL-22.75 for Pb. In muscles of tilapia fish metals concentrations ranged 7.96-149.10 for Fe; 1.20-19.77 for Zn; BDL-230.82 for Mn; BDL-25.93 for Pb. Pb had Hazard quotients (HQs) which indicated potential health risks to tilapia consumers at both study areas and catfish consumers at the Faqous area. Fishermen were at higher risk compared to the other consumers.

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Biomonitoring and Subsequent Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Phthalates in Iranian Children and Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15112336 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2336 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maryam Zare Jeddi ◽

Mohamad Eshaghi Gorji ◽

Ivonne Rietjens ◽

Jochem Louisse ◽

Yuri Bruinen de Bruin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Health Risks ◽

Safety Concern ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Internal Exposure ◽

Combined Exposure ◽

Iranian Children

This study aimed to estimate the exposure and related health risks of phthalates, and to assess the health risks from combined exposure to three of the phthalates sharing the same mode of action (anti-androgenicity) in children. We determined the internal exposure of 56 Iranian children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years by analyzing seven urinary metabolites of five phthalates. The estimated daily intake values derived from the biomonitoring data ranged from 0.01 µg/kg bw/day for butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), to 17.85 µg/kg bw/day for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The risk assessment revealed that not only the exposure to the individual phthalates, but also the combined exposure to the three anti-androgenic phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP) did not raise a safety concern (hazard index values averaged 0.2). The range of maximum cumulative ratio values varied from around 1 for most individuals to around 2 in some individuals, indicating that the combined exposures were dominated by one and in some cases by two of the three anti-androgenic phthalates, especially dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and/or DEHP. Based on biomonitoring data, the overall combined exposure of Iranian children to phthalates does not raise a concern, while reduction of exposure is best focused on DEHP and DBP that showed the highest hazard quotient.

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A Regional Approach For Health Risk Assessment of Toxicants in Plastic Food Containers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1035963/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lan Binh Nguyen Thi ◽

Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc ◽

Ngoc Tran Nguyen Thi ◽

Dinh Khang Vu ◽

Byeong-Kyu Lee

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽

Health Risks ◽

Field Survey ◽

Hazardous Substances ◽

Health Issues ◽

Screening Process ◽

X Ray ◽

Plastic Type ◽

Iso 31000

Abstract Plastic food containers are being used popularly, generating a waste of about 115 million tons in Vietnam. Such waste is causing environmental and health issues. This study conducted a field survey with 309 local people and selected 59 samples out of 135 plastic food containers collected in Go Vap district, Vietnam. Collected plastic samples identified compositions were PET 13.6 %, PP 28.8 %, PS 16.9 %, and 40.7 % X. Although most people are aware of the toxicity of plastics, plastics are still widely used due to their convenience and price with easy use and purchase. Collected plastic samples were classified based on the plastic type using recycling code and quantitatively analyzed with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy method to assess concentrations of Cd, Sb, Pb, Hg, Sn, Cr, Br, Cl, and S. Most of these collected plastic samples (91.5 %) were found to contain 8/9 hazardous substances and most elements contained in these plastics were below their standard thresholds. However, elements Cl and Sb exceeded their safe thresholds, reached the highest concentrations of 1990.3 ppm and 469.2 ppm, respectively. Thus, additional health risks need to be assessed using the USEtox model. Finally, this study proposed a screening process to assess the risk of toxicity of elements contained in plastic food containers through ISO 31000:2018.

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Hazard and occupational risk assessment

Energy Safety and Energy Economy ◽

10.18635/2071-2219-2021-2-5-11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

Albert Yelin ◽

Vladimir Shumilin

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Occupational Risk ◽

Traditional Practices ◽

Workplace Accidents ◽

Novel Approaches

Occupational risk assessment is estimating health risks from exposure to various levels of a workplace hazard. Understanding how much exposure to a hazard poses health risks to workers is important to reduce those risks. Traditional practices of OHSA imply that problems are addressed only after a worker is injured or becomes sick. Novel approaches recognize that finding and fixing a hazard preventively is much more effective. In this paper, we analyze the reasons for occupational risk assessment and identifying a potential workplace hazard with the purpose of eliminating risk factors and cases of workplace accidents in various types of companies.

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Environmental health risks

Oxford Handbook of Public Health Practice ◽

10.1093/med/9780199586301.003.0018 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 178-187

Author(s):

Roscoe Taylor ◽

Charles Guest

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Environmental Health ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Health Protection ◽

Health Threat ◽

Environmental Health Risks ◽

Environmental Health Risk

This chapter will help you to understand the environmental health in the rapidly changing context of health protection, the usefulness of having a framework for environmental health risk assessment, and the process of identifying, evaluating, and planning a response to an environmental health threat.

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Developing a Public Health Risk Assessment Toolkit for Mass Gatherings and Trialling for an International Multi-Sport Mass Gathering Event

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x19002474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (s1) ◽

pp. s116-s116

Author(s):

Ellen Bloomer ◽

Tina Endericks

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Planning Process ◽

Assessment Process ◽

World Health ◽

Public Health Risk ◽

Mass Gatherings

Introduction:Risk assessment for mass gatherings (MGs) is undertaken to enable public health authorities to systematically identify and assess the generic characteristics of an MG, which introduce or enhance particular threats and develop measures to reduce or mitigate these threats. The World Health Organization Collaborating Centres on Mass Gatherings and Global Health Security (WHO CCs) produced a comprehensive guide to MGs called “Public Health for Mass Gatherings: Key Considerations” (KC2). This is being converted into an eLearning resource. A public health risk assessment toolkit is being developed by the WHO CCs to complement and guide organizers in their planning process for the health risks associated with an MG event. Preparations for the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games (BCG) are underway and it is important to involve a public health element in the planning for the BCG.Aim:To develop a public health risk assessment toolkit for MGs and pilot it as part of the planning process for the BCG.Methods:Based on KC2 principles, methods included developing and finalizing a public health risk assessment toolkit for MGs. This study also piloted the toolkit for the BCG.Results:A toolkit will be developed. Key learning will be documented on how the toolkit can be improved. The pilot will identify the key public health risks for the BCG, and assess how to mitigate them.Discussion:The development of this toolkit will be an innovative contribution to the resources available for those organizing MGs. It will support organizers to conduct risk assessments and thus maximize the potential for health from the event. Piloting the toolkit for the BCG is an opportunity for validating it, and provides valuable learning for its use in future events. It will support the risk assessment process for the BCG and share learning regarding the key risks for this event.

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Simultaneous Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils and Sediments of the Guishui River Basin, Beijing

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224539 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4539

Author(s):

Jiankang Wang ◽

Bo Gao ◽

Shuhua Yin ◽

Dongyu Xu ◽

Laisheng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

River Basin ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Soils And Sediments ◽

Basin Scale

Simultaneous ecological and health risk assessments of potentially toxic elements in soils and sediments can provide substantial information on their environmental influence at the river-basin scale. Herein, soil and sediment samples were collected from the Guishui River basin to evaluate the pollution situation and the ecological and health risk of potentially toxic elements. Various indexes were utilized for quantitatively assessing their health risks. Pollution assessment by geo-accumulation index showed that Cd had “uncontaminated to moderately polluted” status in the soils and sediments. Potential ecological risk index showed that the Guishui River basin was at low risk in general, but Cd was classified as “moderate or considerable ecological risk” both in the soils and sediments. Health risk assessment calculated human exposure from soils and indicated that both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the selected potentially toxic elements were lower than the acceptable levels. Health risks posed by potentially toxic elements bio-accumulated in fish, stemming from sediment resuspension, were also assessed. Non-carcinogenic hazard index indicated no adverse health effects on humans via exposure to sediments; however, in general, Cr contributed largely to health risks among the selected potentially toxic elements. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to the Guishui River basin in the future.

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Accumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in Sixteen Wheat Cultivars Grown in Contaminated Soils and Associated Health Risk Assessment

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15112601 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2601 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Guanghui Guo ◽

Mei Lei ◽

Yanwen Wang ◽

Bo Song ◽

Jun Yang

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risks ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Wheat Grains ◽

Human Health Effects ◽

Target Hazard Quotients

This study investigated the accumulation of As, Cd, and Pb in 16 wheat cultivars and the associated health risks for the inhabitants of Jiyuan, China. The results indicated that the concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb decreased in the order of root > leaf > stem > grain. The concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb in wheat grains varied from 0.13 for Pingan8 to 0.34 mg kg−1 for Zhengmai7698, 0.10 for Luomai26 to 0.25 mg kg−1 for Zhengmai7698, and 0.12 for Zhoumai207 to 0.42 mg kg−1 for Zhengmai379, respectively. There were significant differences in the bioaccumulation factors of As, Cd, and Pb among the 16 wheat cultivars. Cd was more readily accumulated to higher levels than As and Pb in wheat. The Target Hazard Quotients (THQs) of Cd and Pb in the grains from 16 wheat cultivars were below 1, while As THQ exceeded 1. The lowest detrimental human health effects via wheat consumption were found in cultivar AY58 among the 16 wheat cultivars, with total THQs (TTHQs) of 1.82 for children and 1.60 for adults, suggesting that children absorb more heavy metals than adults and they are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of these metals.

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