scholarly journals Gambaran Depresi pada ODHA Perempuan yang Tinggal di Jakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-117
Author(s):  
Madyastha Aji Bhirawa

Indonesia is the one of the countries in the world with the epidemic transmission of HIV, which continues to grow. The transmission of HIV and AIDS is again related to risky of behavior and population key. In fact many couples who are contracting a partner who had behavior risk. In Indonesia the number of women who are infected increases. This indicates the susceptibility of women to HIV infection and AIDS. This descriptive study aims to discuss the depression in ODHA women who live in Jakarta. The method used is qualitative with the interviews. The respondents involved in this research were two adult female ODHA which are beginning with the age of the 21- 40 years and suffer from depression in accordance with depression in BDI-II. Data analysis revelaed the different levels of depression that women were affected from their experienced problems, the disclosure status of HIV, the stigma and discrimination, and social support. In addition, the issues of this women who affected with HIV were parenting and caring family members and they were the person who support their families. From the two respondents this study discovered that both have negative thinking to themselves, experience, and future.Depression  

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-196
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ghazinour and ◽  
Arian Rostami

Research shows that police work is one of the most stressful professions in the world, and police officers typically suffer a variety of physiological, psychological, and behavioral effects and symptoms. Thus, constant exposure to stressful situations requires resilient police officers. Legislation, social support, organizational factors, and individual resources all play different roles in maintaining resilience among police officers. The aim of this chapter is to contribute to a multisystemic ecological theory of police resilience. By applying this analytical approach, the authors illustrate how systems on different levels interact with each other reciprocally. They conclude that resilience is necessary for officers to have the capacity to act authoritatively in uncertain situations. The use of multisystemic social-ecological theory provides a deeper understanding of the processes that contribute to positive development in professionally stressful contexts.


Author(s):  
Amruta Barhate ◽  
Prakash Bhatia

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has made the world to come to a standstill. What started as on 16th March 2020, as 114 confirmed cases of COVID‑19 in the country has now reached worrisome figures. The latest world scenario as per WHO as on 30th November, 2020 is as under-World data: 62,509,444 cases, deaths: 1,458,782; USA: 13,082,877 cases, deaths: 263,946; India: 9,431,691 cases, deaths 137, 139. It is evident that worldwide India is number two in case load and there’s no reason to prevent India from becoming number one unless appropriate corrective steps are taken.Methods: The present study has looked into various data sources available in public domain. The study covered a period of almost nine months i.e., from March 2020 to November 2020. The study revealed a steady increase in the number of COVID-19 cases from March 2020 with peak of pandemic occurring in the mid of September and then a steady decline of cases from October.Results: The data analysis shows that after peaking of cases in September, the epidemic will decline in a phased manner by the end of March 2021. Even though there is a decline seen from the month of October, spike of COVID-19 cases was seen in November in some of the states of India. Therefore, we can’t deny the possibility of a second wave of pandemic to occur in the month of December 2020 and January 2021.Conclusions: Hence appropriate and strict control measures have to be put in place for effective control of the Pandemic and its resurgence.


Author(s):  
Vladimir Šebek ◽  

Specialized anti-corruption institutions are not product of the new age. First specialized departments in fighting against corruption went into effect in the middle of last century, but the beginning of creation of these departments has been connected with founding of the most significant specialized institutions. Although its effects on democratic institutions and economic and social development have long been apparent, the fight against corruption has only recently been placed high on the international policy agenda. The UN Convention Against Corruption, which came into force in 2005, is the most universal in its approach; it covers a very broad range of issues including the formation of specialised bodies responsible for preventing corruption and for combating corruption through law enforcement. It is the author’s intention to present to the public the organizational solutions of the anticorruption bodies predicted in the UN Convention against Corruption and folloving standards to act effectively. On the one hand, this text represents models of specialized anti-corruption bodies in the world, and on the other hand, it contains display of institutional anti-corruption model in Republic of Serbia as well, with the focus on the Department for Corruption Suppression (OBPK) in the Ministry of Interior and special departmens of Public prosecutor's offices. In order to compare efficiency of police and prosecutorial work, a data analysis was performed for the period before and the period after the Law on organization and competence of state bodies in supression of organized crime, terrorism and corruption, entry into force.


2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Azzedine Bouderbane ◽  
Bentayeb Zineb

Several things have been said in the field of pedagogy. But, this does not prevent the appearance of new educational concepts. The world of pedagogy has practically no limit. In our study, we attempted to identify the impact that school libraries could have on educational achievements. The statement of the problem was strengthened by two main questions: Could school libraries play a fundamental role in improving educational achievements? Could school libraries integrate their resources as pedagogical supports in the educational process? In our visits to thirty school libraries in the city of Constantine, we were able to conduct a descriptive study and collect interesting data that we analyzed through a qualitative approach. Significant results were obtained. The latter globally showed via several indicators that the school library, on the one hand, contributed concretely to educational achievements, and, on the other hand, played an efficient role in the learning process by providing a variety of supports and services to the users.


Author(s):  
Lucas Lixinski ◽  
Vassilis P Tzevelekos

Under many UNESCO instruments there is a disconnect between the language of the treaties and the mechanics of the positive law, on the one hand, and the actuality of international heritage management practice, on the other. Specifically, existing primary norms often do not set sufficiently clear legal obligations. This chapter explores this mismatch with a focus on (concurrent) State responsibility in the context of the World Heritage program. It focuses specifically on two different levels of State involvement in heritage protection: (1) multinational heritage nominations and (2) heritage that is listed by only one State, but that is also of interest to another State. The 1972 World Heritage Convention places heritage squarely within the territorial State’s sovereignty, even if it does recognize that States have a duty to cooperate in the protection of world heritage in other States as well. The duty of cooperation is seen as eroding State sovereignty, but critics also highlight that in fact there is too much sovereign control over those allegedly sovereignty-eroding dimensions of World Heritage processes.


2020 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Viktorovna Kavun ◽  
◽  
Anastasia Vyacheslavovna Ostapchuk ◽  

The problem is related to the prevalence of procrastination, including among students, on the one hand, and the lack of development of approaches to explaining the psychological mechanisms of procrastination, on the other. The article substantiates the possibility of explaining the phenomenon of procrastination in the context of resilience by referring to the categories of meaningfulness of life and existential fulfillment. The goal is to identify the features of the implementation of fundamental existential motivations by students with different levels of procrastination. Method of research. We used the Lay “General procrastination Scale” in the adaptation of Windecker, Ostanina, the” test of existential motivations “ by Shumsky, Ukolova, Osin, and Lupandina; methods of mathematical statistics (Mann-Whitney and Spearman criteria). Sample: 45 procrastinator students, 51 non-procrastinators, and 117 students with an average level of procrastination. Results. Significant differences between all groups were revealed, and there were significant correlations between the level of procrastination and the severity of existential motivations. Conclusion. It was revealed that the degree of existential fulfillment of procrastinator students differs from the other two groups. They have less money: 1) the desire to “be-in-the-world”; 2) the value attitude to life; 3) the desire to be oneself; 4) the desire for meaning. Students with an average level of procrastination, like non-procrastinators, have more realized the ability to freely be in the world and realize meaning, but less than non-procrastinators, the existential motivations “Value of life” and “self-Worth” are realized. It is proved that the theory of fundamental existential motivations can be used to explain procrastination.


Comunicar ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Merlo-Flores

This field research aims to understand the way in which the children of the world relate to television and what they expect from it, that is how they wish it to be in the future. One of the distinctive characteristics of this research is that there is no adult interference or mediation, the children respond directly to the television, which ensures that the replies are real life stories filled with emotion and imagination. The successive analysis of the material collected (more than 15.000 letters and drawings form all the countries), allow us to distinguish different levels of interpretation: on the one hand, all the elements that are common to all children regardless of cultural, geographical or economic differences of the context and on the other hand, the specific characterization of the demands on television related to region, country and geographical areas within each country. The globalization vs. localization phenomenon clearly appears in the results of this comparative research work, evident in similar expressions in the replies to many of the enquiries that the researchers have been asking for a long time, but from a perspective that integrates different theories traditionally though of as contradictory. The type of themes, values, what they like, what scares children, where we detect violence, what they would like the content to be, how they wish to participate etc, are just a few of the answers that the children provide us with their letters, drawings and emails. An extremely rigorous cuanti-cualitative method allows us to believe that we have respected what is really happening in the children's world in this time of media and images and that the message they transmit is sufficiently clear and strong as to serve us adults as a guide in the search for quality television. Esta investigación de campo pretende conocer la forma en que los niños del mundo se relacionan con la televisión y básicamente qué esperan de ella, es decir cómo querrían que fuera en el futuro. Una de las características que hacen a esta investigación diferente es que no hubo mediación adulta sino que los niños le contestan directamente a la televisión, lo que hace de las respuestas verdaderas historias de vida llenas de emotividad e imaginación. Los sucesivos análisis del material recolectado (más de 15.000 cartas y dibujos de todos los países), nos permiten distinguir diferentes niveles de interpretación: por un lado los elementos que son comunes a todos los niños sin importar las diferencias culturales, geográficas, o económicas de los diferentes contextos y por el otro la caracterización específica de las demandas que le hacen a la televisión y que tienen relación con las regiones, países y zonas geográficas dentro de cada país. El mentado fenómeno de la globalización Vs. la localización aparece con meridiana claridad en los resultados de este trabajo de investigación comparativo, respondiendo desde las mismas expresiones de los niños a muchos de los interrogantes que los investigadores nos venimos haciendo desde hace mucho tiempo, pero desde una mirada y con una perspectiva que integra diferentes teorías que tradicionalmente se han considerado contradictorias. El tipo de temáticas, los valores, aquello que no les gusta, lo que les produce temor, dónde detectan la violencia, cómo querrían que fueran los contenidos, como desean participar etc, son solo algunas de las respuestas que los niños nos dan desde sus cartas, dibujos y correos electrónicos. Una metodología cuanti-cualitativa de extrema rigurosidad nos permite pensar que se ha respetado lo que realmente sucede en el mundo de los niños en esta época mediatizada por la imagen y que el mensaje que nos transmiten es suficientemente claro y fuerte como para que nos sirva a los adultos como guía en la búsqueda de una televisión de calidad.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Okunoye

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a leading cause of mortality on the African continent and world. HIV and AIDS are among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities around the world. The greatest burden of HIV and AIDS is felt in sub-Saharan countries, with Nigeria and South Africa having the greatest incidence of the disease in the world. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, but with effective treatment and healthy living, HIV infection will not develop into AIDS. With increased awareness campaigns by national, regional and international health institutions, there has been an increased awareness on HIV and AIDS across the world. Using data from search query trends on HIV/AIDS submitted online on the most widely used search engine Google from 2004-2019, a decline in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV is revealed in South Africa. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in South Africa, with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with the HIV virus. This observed trend might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS, particularly through awareness raising and behavioural interventions in South Africa is bearing fruit, not just on the ground, but also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Okunoye

The Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus (AIDS), caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a leading cause of mortality on the African continent and world. HIV and AIDS are among the greatest public health challenges confronting health authorities around the world. The greatest burden of HIV and AIDS is felt in sub-Saharan countries, with Nigeria and South Africa having the greatest incidence of the disease in the world. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, but with effective treatment and healthy living, HIV infection will not develop into AIDS. With increased awareness campaigns by national, regional and international health institutions, there has been an increased awareness on HIV and AIDS across the world. Using data from web searches on HIV/AIDS submitted online on the most widely used search engine Google from 2004-2020, a trade-off pattern is seen in the web searches on HIV and AIDS in Nigeria and South Africa showing the decline in search interest for AIDS relative to HIV. This trend mirrors progress on the ground in both countries, with a decline in AIDS-related deaths and people living longer with the HIV virus. This observed trend might be an indicator that multilateral efforts at combating HIV/AIDS, particularly through awareness raising and behavioural interventions in these two most endemic countries are bearing fruit, not just on the ground, but also reflected in the online information seeking on the HIV/AIDS pandemic.


Author(s):  
Maryam Saberi

Personality-based cognitive architectures should yield consistent patterns of behaviour through personality traits that have a modulatory influence at different levels: These factors affect, on the one hand, high-level components such as ‘emotional reactions' and ‘coping behaviour', and on the other hand, low-level parameters such as the ‘speed of movements and repetition of gestures. In our hybrid cognitive architecture, a deliberative reasoning about the world (e.g. strategies and goals of the 3D character) is combined with dynamic real-time response to the environment's changes and sensors' input (e.g. emotional changes). Hybrid system copes dynamically with changes in the environment, and is complicated enough to have reasoning abilities. Designing a cognitive architecture that gives the impression of personality to 3D agents can be a tremendous help making 3D characters more engaging and successful in interactions with humans.


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