JENIS PENGARUH KELOMPOK REFERENSI DALAM PEMBELIAN PRODUK FASHION BERMEREK TIRUAN PADA INDIVIDU DEWASA AWAL

The research aims to describe the references group influences on the consumption of counterfeit branded fashion products on early adulthood individuals. Reference groups refers to individuals or group that become references for individual to forming her/his values and attitudes. Since 2014, the most counterfeit product consumption is fashion, which results on economic loss up to 41 billion rupiahs. Previous study showed that the consumption of counterfeit products was not only influenced by the high price of the original products, but also by psychological aspects, such as motivation to be seen positively and accepted by the social groups. The research applies quantitative approach, using 30 items of references group influences questionnaire. The questionnaire measures three types of references group influences, including informational influence, utilitarian influence, and value expressive influence on early adult individuals who experiences to buy counterfeit branded fashion product. 155 respondents involved. Convenience sampling technique applied, with central tendency, friedman test and mann-whitney test being used for data analysis. The findings show that references group influences for buying counterfeit branded fashion product was in moderate level, with the most influences was informational influences compared to utilitarian and value expressive influences.

APLIKASI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL DALAM PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA

Tulisan berikut ini hendak menyajikan permasalahan di masyarakat DKI Jakarta terkait belum berhasilnya pelaksanaan program pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 terutama penerapan PSBB dan usulan strategi pemecahannya dengan menggunakan pendekatan Health Belief Model (HBM). HBM merupakan pendekatan psikologi sosial yang menekankan persepsi individu sebagai kunci keberhasilan dilaksanakannya perilaku kesehatan. Persepsi-persepsi kunci dalam model ini antara lain adalah persepsi kerentanan individu untuk tertular COVID-19, persepsi keparahan COVID-19 dan konsekuensi yang akan diderita warga apabila terjangkit penyakit ini, persepsi manfaat melakukan PSBB, persepsi mengenai hambatan pelaksanaan PSBB, self-efficacy warga untuk berhadapan dengan COVID-19, serta sinyal-sinyal terlaksananya perilaku PSBB. Pengamatan lapangan yang dilakukan melalui analisis berita menunjukkan bahwa warga Jakarta masih memiliki persepsi-persepsi yang beragam sehingga belum dapat ditentukan persepsi mereka tergolong tinggi, rendah, positif, atau negatif. Dalam tulisan ini, paparan berbagai persepsi dikemukakan. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan terjadi di semua persepsi kunci, terutama di persepsi hambatan. Hambatan yang mendasar terkait dengan belum efektifnya PSBB adalah dampak ekonomi. Dalam strategi, penulis mengusulkan adanya kampanye sosial kesehatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan positive reinforcement yang dilaksanakan secara rutin dan terbarukan untuk memberikan informasi yang akurat dan menimbulkan rasa aman dan nyaman pada warga. Selain itu disarankan pula pemerintah memberikan penghargaan ataupun insentif bagi para tenaga medis dan pihak-pihak lain yang secara aktif mendukung program pencegahan penyebaran COVID-19 ini.

DINAMIKA KELOMPOK DALAM PROSES EMERGENCY DECISION MAKING (EDM): PEMBELAJARAN DARI SIMULASI TANGGAP DARURAT DI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA NUKLIR

Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a non-fossil energy source with very high output and most sustain power plant. NPP is also classified as environmentally friendly because, in normal processes, NPP produces zero Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as the primary air pollutant. However, if there is a disaster, the impact is exceptionally terrible. Besides causing fatalities, it can also result in hazardous health problems and takes hundreds of years to recover the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, to avoid disaster, the skills of nuclear power plant operators are critical, especially in overcoming the crisis. Typical challenges in Analog System-based NPP is the synergy among operators whose numbers are higher than in digital systems. This paper reflects learning outcomes from simulation to overcome the crisis in NPP, particularly the immediacy in making the right decisions. The simulation was carried out at the Analog System-Based NPP Simulation Center in Essen, Germany, and followed by a group of students from the Human Factor Engineering Master Program, Hochschule Niederrhein, with diverse national cultural backgrounds. One result is that the unique characteristics of each nation's cultural background can affect its effectiveness in overcoming the crisis. Two different aspects are initiative and assertive behavior among people inside the group.

HUBUNGAN RELIGIOSITAS DENGAN MULTIKULTURALISME PADA GURU AGAMA SEKOLAH NEGERI DI JAKARTA

Intolerance and radicalism that occur in the community proved to have entered the realm of the world of education, especially in schools and colleges. The role of educators in instilling values in students is important. So the rise of religious intolerance and radicalism in the world of education raises questions about the role of educators, especially religious teachers. This research tries to explain how the relationship between religiosity and multiculturalism in religion teachers in public schools. Research participants are religion teachers in state schools in Jakarta (N = 152, 83 boys and 69 girls).The sampling technique used was accidental, in the data retrieval stage.The level of religiosity of religious teachers was measured by the adaptation measuring instrument The Centrality Scale (CRS) which had a reliability value of 0.83 (Huber and Huber, 2012). While the multiculturalism attitude of religious teachers was measured by the adaptation measuring instrument Multicultural Efficacy Scale which has a reliability value of 0.87 (Guyton & Wesche, 2005). Research results show that religiosity has a significant and positive relationship with multiculturalism. This is seen from the correlation value of 0.319, which confirms that a high level of religiosity will result in a high attitude of multiculturalism, and vice versa.

GAMBARAN PROSES PENERIMAAN DIRI IBU DENGAN ANAK DOWN SINDROME

Parents put their hopes in their children who will be born. When a child is born with conditions that are not as expected, this causes an emotional reaction in parents, especially the mother as the main caregiver for children and people who give birth to children in the world. The existence of a diagnosis of Down syndrome in children, mothers feel lost hope and their role will change. According to Fidler, Down syndrome is known as a form of chromosomal abnormality that causes developmental delays, mild to severe mental retardation and physical abnormalities. Finally, the mother faces the terrible reality that her child has special needs. This is a situation that is difficult for mothers to accept and needs to go through a process to be able to achieve self-acceptance. If the mother accepts herself with the condition of having a Down syndrome child, it can help the child to grow and develop properly. Therefore, researchers want to know the process of self-acceptance of mothers with children with Down syndrome. This research uses a qualitative approach and data collection is carried out using the interview method. Participants in this study were 3 mothers who had children with Down syndrome at the age of 30-45 years. Through interviews, researchers explore the expectations of parents about children, events during pregnancy, childbirth and raising children. In addition, researchers also dig data about the process experienced by mothers to achieve self-acceptance. The analysis conducted on each participant was carried out with the thematic analysis method. The results showed that the three participants had a process of self-acceptance in accordance with the phase initiated by Duncan and Moses, but there were several different stages. It takes many years for mothers to be able to complete the emotional stages and feelings that emerge can overlap. When the mother has reached self-acceptance, it is still possible to experience a setback to the previous phase. Factors that influence, among others, hope, ignorance of Down syndrome, the economy and support from the surrounding environment.

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT BAWANG MERAH SEBAGAI KANDIDAT INGRIDIEN MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL ANTIOKSIDAN

Shallot is widely used in culinary purpose. However, the use of shallot produces a lot of waste. Shallot skin contains anthocyanin, which has antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate different solvents and extraction times for anthocyanin extraction from shallot skin, to evaluate different drying methods, and to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the anthocyanin powder. Chemical tests were conducted before and after drying, including total anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity using DPPH, total phenolic, and total flavonoid content. Physical tests were undertaken only after drying, including moisture content, water activity, viscosity, solubility, and colour. Extraction with citric acid solvent in 72h extract resulted in the highest total anthocyanin than water and acetic acid solvent. After drying, the highest total anthocyanin was obtained from foam mat drying method, which extracted using citric acid solvent. While antioxidant activity was not significantly differenced among samples. Physical test for the powders showed low moisture content and water activity, red colour index, as well as suitable viscosity and solubility results. In conclusion, anthocyanin powder from shallot skin has a potent as a functional antioxidant ingredient that can be applied in beverage products.

COMPARISON OF JOB STRESS PROFILE AMONG DOCTORS IN INDONESIA AND INDONESIA'S DOCTORS IN GERMANY

The high demand for health care workers in Germany creates opportunities for foreigners to work in Germany, including doctors from Indonesia. The difference in cultural context constructs different meanings toward factors of job stress. This study aimed to compare the factors of job stress among doctors in Indonesia and Indonesia's doctors in Germany. KFZA (Kurz-Fragebogen zur Arbeitsanalyse) or Short Questionnaire for Job Analysis is utilized to measure job stress. As many as 12 doctors in Indonesia and 8 Indonesia's doctors in Germany became the participants. As a result, job stress among the two groups triggered by the lack of information and the low opportunity for consultation support. In addition to those factors, job stress among doctors in Indonesia is also triggered by lack of opportunities for comprehensive work, low independence for planning, organizing and decision making, lack of internal social support, poor collaborative work climate, and unsatisfactory organization services.

GAMBARAN PERSEPSI REMAJA TERHADAP POLA KOMUNIKASI ORANGTUA DI KAWASAN KUMUH JATINEGARA

This research aimed to describe the perception that adolescents had on their parents pattern of communication. This research was held in slum area of Jatinegara in DKI Jakarta. Total of 121 adolescents from 3 districts (Rawa Bunga, Cipinang Besar Selatan, Kampung Melayu) were present in the activities. While we discussed about parenting and communication skills between parents and their offsprings, we explored the perception that the adolescents have about their parents, especially about their communication pattern. This was a descriptive study that wished to explore the communication pattern and relation in family. We used survey method, including questioners for information gathering and implemented observation, interview and small group discussion. To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistical analysis technique and qualitative analysis. We found that in each of the district, the most of the adolescents felt proud of their parents (Rawa Bunga 53%; Kampung Melayu in morning session, 65%; Kampung Melayu in afternoon session, 27%; Cipinang Besar Selatan, 55%). Nevertheless, there were mixed emotion in their hope for their parents. Most of them felt angry to their parents. Some more felt that their parents were not nice enough, felt ashamed, unsignificant, confused and hoped to be understood. These findings suggested that there were still a lot of problems considering how parents communicate and interact with their children, especially their adolescent. Further research needed to be done and actions had to be implemented in order to create a healthy and fully functioning family in the slum area of Jatinegara.

PERAN PERSEPSI ORANGTUA DALAM MENERAPKAN PENDIDIKAN SEKSUALITAS KEPADA ANAK USIA 9-12 TAHUN DI SD X

Pendidikan seksualitas pada dasarnya bermanfaat untuk membekali anak agar lebih siap menjalani perkembangan seksual, serta sigap menghadapi kekerasan seksual. Namun melalui wawancara kepada orangtua di SD X, mayoritas orangtua enggan menyampaikan informasi seksualitas kepada anak. Mereka ragu menjawab pertanyaan anak seputar seksualitas, bahkan beberapa orangtua mempertanyakan manfaat pendidikan seksualitas. Dapat disimpulkan kesadaran orangtua di SD X untuk menerapkan pendidikan seksualitas kepada anak masih kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontribusi persepsi orangtua terhadap penerapan pendidikan seksualitas kepada anak. Peneliti menggunakan Health-Belief Model yang terdiri dari perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, dan cues to action untuk menggali pandangan orangtua mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dirinya untuk menerapkan pendidikan seksualitas. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner kepada 127 orangtua di SD X yang memiliki anak kelas 4-6 SD. Hasil analisis menunjukkan hanya perceived barrier (persepsi akan adanya hambatan) yang dapat memprediksi perilaku orangtua dalam menerapkan pendidikan seksualitas kepada anaknya (t = -.4.894, p < .05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, orangtua perlu difasilitasi untuk menghilangkan hambatan (barrier) dalam menyampaikan informasi seksualitas pada anak.

PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTIPE BUKU PENDIDIKAN EKOLOGIS MELALUI SENI DRAMA UNTUK KELAS V SD (BUKU GURU)

Since 1996 Directorate General of Ministry of Elementary and Secondary Education has been emphasizing the importance of giving ecological education so that pupils will have concern for caring and keeping the integrity of creation. This is in line with the teaching of the Catholic Church, which is strengthened by Pope Francis in his encyclical letter, Laudato Si’, published on May 24, 2015. From answers to questionnaires distributed to five Catholic teachers teaching at urban schools can be concluded that (1) ecological spirituality should become foundation of ecological education, (2) themes on ecological education found in elementary school thematic lessons should be understood as efforts to build ecological morality, and (3) the need for providing an example of a drama script which can be used by teachers as a method of teaching materials on ecological education. This research aimed at developing a book prototype entitled Caring for the Earth as Our “Common Home”: A Reflection on Encyclical Letter Laudato Si’ (for Elementary School Teachers). This book prototype has articles on ecological spirituality and ecological education as well as a drama script which can be used by teachers of fifth grade to teach third theme “Healthy Food,” second sub-theme “The Importance of healthy food for human body.” The development of this book prototype utilizes five of ten steps of Research and Development according to Borg & Gall: (1) analyzing the needs of developing a book prototype of ecological education, (2) studies on ecological education found in thematic lessons at elementary school, (3) developing a book prototype, (4) validation of the book prototype, and (5) revision of the book prototype. Findings of the research showed that the book prototype could be published. This was shown by evaluation given by a lecturer of biology with a mean score of 3.5 and evaluation given by a five grade teacher with a mean score 3.75. These mean scores are very high.