History and folklore of basmati rice

A basic IPM module for basmati rice as a part of integrated crop management accounting the pest prevalence and the information available from literature has been developed. As the module is location specific and dynamic, therefore needs regular updating and fine tuning depending on the location and pest prevalence. The technology has been successfully validated and implemented during 1998 to 2019 in Pusa Basmati 1, Taraori Basmati, Dehraduni Basmati, Pusa Basmati 1121 in Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand with little modification and fine tuning. Implementation of the technology resulted in increase in rice grain yield i.e., 21.6% in Pusa Basmati 1 at Shikohpur, in Uttar Pradesh 21.5% in Taraori Basmati at Chhajpur in Haryana, 19.5% in Type 3 in Uttarakhand, 14.5 to 22.7% in Pusa Basmati 1121 in Haryana and 38.2% in Pusa Basmati 1121 in Uttar Pradesh over farmer's practices (FP). In all the basmati rice trials, higher yield as well as Benefit - Cost (B-C) ratio was obtained in IPM as compared to FP. Implementation of IPM led to significant reduction in uses of chemical pesticides. In case of IPM, only 1.46 application of chemical pesticides (103.2 g a.i./ha) were undertaken in Pusa Basmati 1121 against 2.8 application in FP (1214.4 g a.i./ha) at Bambawad, Uttar Pradesh. ICAR-NRRI, Cuttack developed and validated IPM module at Sigmapur (Cuttack, Odisha) non-Basmati rice variety Pooja for four kharif seasons i.e 2010-2013 using standard agronomic practices. The trial resulted in an enhancement of 47.1% yield and 26.47 % B-C ratio over FP. Additional income of Rs. 9857/- per ha was also obtained in IPM over FP. On-Farm trial on validation of IPM module in non-Basmati rice (Pooja variety) under semi deep water conditions conducted in 10 ha during rabi 2017 at Nagapur and Basudeipur villages in Khurda district of Odisha resulted in reduction in the incidence of insect pests and diseases with higher population of natural enemies as compared to FP. Rice yield was recorded 5600 kg ha-1 in IPM as against 4900 kg ha-1 in FP. Recently, ICT based e-pest monitoring and advisory has become an important component for area wise implementation of IPM at state and national level. The programme has been successfully implemented in Odisha during 2010 and 2011 under RKVY. Implementation of the programme had resulted successful management of swarming caterpillar in 13 rice growing districts of Odisha during kharif 2010 and 2011.

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Terms and Balance of Trade of Indian Agricultural Sector during Pre and Post-WTO Period

Indian Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.35716/ijed/ns20-003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 288-293

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Sector ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Terms Of Trade ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Agricultural Exports ◽

Unit Value ◽

The Us ◽

Balance Of Trade ◽

Frozen Shrimp ◽

Plantation Crops

India is the world’s third-largest economy after the US and China. India is also one of the leading producer of spices, fish, poultry, livestock and plantation crops, and leading exports consisted of basmati rice, meat of bovine animals, frozen shrimp and prawns, cotton and refined sugar. The study was based on secondary data collected from the various published sources, viz., various issues of handbook of RBI, FAO trade yearbook, Statistical Abstract of India, FAOSTAT, etc. The data were grouped into two periods Pre-WTO 1975-94 and Post-WTO 1995-2015.The exports volume indices for agricultural sector of India were increased by 129.41 percent from 17 in 1975 to 39 in 1994. Besides, the volume indices of imports declined by 56.16 percent from 73 in 1975 to 32 in 1994 for agricultural sector of India. The unit value indices of agricultural exports of India declined by 17.69 percent from 113 in 1975 to 93 in 1994. However, the agricultural import indices grew considerably 171.42 percent from 42 in 1975 to 114 in 1994.The quantity terms of trade for agricultural sector of India was deteriorated by 80.89 percent from 429.41 in 1975 to 82.05 in 1994. Likewise, value terms of trade for agricultural sector of India also depreciated by 67.44 percent from 269.05 in 1975 to 81.58 in 1994. The exports volume indices for agricultural sector of India were increased by 125 percent from 72 in 1995 to 162 in 2015. The volume indices of imports were also enlarged by 934.78 percent from 23 in 1995 to 238 in 2015 for agricultural sector of India. The unit value indices, which measure the average price realization, indicated a significant increase in unit value indices of agricultural exports of India turn up by 131.76 percent from 85 in 1995 to 197 in 2015. However, the agricultural import indices declined by 0.64 percent during post-WTO period. The quantity terms of trade, as well as value terms of trade for agricultural sector of India, was improved by 359.95 and 133.25 percent, respectively during post-WTO regime. The trade balance of Indian agricultural sector showed a favorable balance during pre-WTO period as well as post-WTO period.

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Effect of zinc ferti-fortification on yield and economics of Basmati rice (O. sativa L.) under subtropical region of Jammu

Green Farming ◽

10.37322/greenfarming/11.1.2020.52-55 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

RAMESH CHAND BANA ◽

A.K. GUPTA ◽

R. PUNIYA ◽

PRABHOO SINGH

Keyword(s):

Basmati Rice ◽

Subtropical Region

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Efficacy of different nitrogen levels and herbicides on weed dynamics in basmati rice under temperate conditions of Kashmir valley

Journal of Crop and Weed ◽

10.22271/09746315.2020.v16.i2.1332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 166-170

Author(s):

R. NISSAR ◽

M. A. GANAI ◽

A. HUSSAIN

Keyword(s):

Basmati Rice ◽

Kashmir Valley ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Weed Dynamics

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Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Basmati Rice: Implications for Public Health

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8513

Author(s):

Farah Tariq ◽

Xiukang Wang ◽

Muhammad Hamzah Saleem ◽

Zafar Iqbal Khan ◽

Kafeel Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enrichment Factor ◽

Risk Index ◽

Translocation Factor ◽

Bioaccumulation Factor ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Health Risk Index ◽

Zn Content ◽

Locally Grown ◽

Different Parts

Basmati rice is increasingly recognized and consumed in different parts of the world due to its different tastes and nutritional properties. This research focused on determining the cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) content in locally grown basmati rice in Pakistan and assessing the risks of these values to human health. Root, shoot and grain samples of basmati rice were taken, along with soil samples from the five regions studied. Metal mean concentrations (mg/kg) in grains fluctuated from 2.70 to 9.80 for Cd, 4.80 to 9.85 for Zn, 1.16 to 1.46 for Cu, 1.84 to 10.86 for Co, 2.05 to 13.07 for Fe, 5.03 to 11.11 for Mn and 3.24 to 13.28 for Ni, respectively. All metal values were within permissible limits except for Cd. The enrichment factor for Cd was highest among all sites. Cobalt and zinc had the highest bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor. The highest enrichment factor was noticed for Cd and the lowest for Cu. The health risk index at all examined sites was less than one. Consistent examination is recommended to limit health hazards instigated by the use of rice polluted with a greater concentration of Cd.

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Identification of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) rhizobacteria and their effect on plant growth traits for sustainable development in agriculture

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy ◽

10.1007/s43538-021-00033-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Surabhi Jasrotia ◽

R. K. Salgotra ◽

R. K. Samnotra

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Basmati Rice

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Evaluation of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India for nutritional attributes and blast resistance

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83921-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Debayan Mondal ◽

Prudveesh Kantamraju ◽

Susmita Jha ◽

Gadge Sushant Sundarrao ◽

Arpan Bhowmik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutritive Value ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Blast Resistance ◽

Starch Content ◽

Low Cost ◽

Principal Component ◽

Blast Disease ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Rice Cultivars

AbstractIndigenous folk rice cultivars often possess remarkable but unrevealed potential in terms of nutritional attributes and biotic stress tolerance. The unique cooking qualities and blissful aroma of many of these landraces make it an attractive low-cost alternative to high priced Basmati rice. Sub-Himalayan Terai region is bestowed with great agrobiodiversity in traditional heirloom rice cultivars. In the present study, ninety-nine folk rice cultivars from these regions were collected, purified and characterized for morphological and yield traits. Based on traditional importance and presence of aroma, thirty-five genotypes were selected and analyzed for genetic diversity using micro-satellite marker system. The genotypes were found to be genetically distinct and of high nutritive value. The resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant potential of these genotypes represented wide variability and ‘Kataribhog’, ‘Sadanunia’, ‘Chakhao’ etc. were identified as promising genotypes in terms of different nutritional attributes. These cultivars were screened further for resistance against blast disease in field trials and cultivars like ‘Sadanunia’, ‘T4M-3-5’, ‘Chakhao Sampark’ were found to be highly resistant to the blast disease whereas ‘Kalonunia’, ‘Gobindabhog’, ‘Konkanijoha’ were found to be highly susceptible. Principal Component analysis divided the genotypes in distinct groups for nutritional potential and blast tolerance. The resistant and susceptible genotypes were screened for the presence of the blast resistant pi genes and association analysis was performed with disease tolerance. Finally, a logistic model based on phenotypic traits for prediction of the blast susceptibility of the genotypes is proposed with more than 80% accuracy.

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Particle degradation in pneumatic conveyors: Use of data from a pilot-sized test facility to predict degradation in an industrial conveyor

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1243/095440802760075779 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 216 (2) ◽

pp. 65-71

Author(s):

I Bridle ◽

S R Woodhead

Keyword(s):

Solid Material ◽

Basmati Rice ◽

Test Facility ◽

Design Stage ◽

Pneumatic Conveying ◽

Process Industries ◽

Industrial Practice ◽

Use Of Data ◽

Bulk Solid ◽

Wide Range

Degradation of bulk solid product during pneumatic conveying is of concern in a range of process industries. However, prediction of product degradation levels at the conveyor design stage has proved challenging. This paper presents a proposed prediction technique, based on the use of a pilot-sized test facility to provide relevant empirical data. The results of experiments undertaken using malted barley, basmati rice, and granulated sugar are reported. For each bulk solid material, a wide range of conveying conditions have been examined, consistent with common industrial practice. Correlations between predictions and experimental data obtained in an industrial-scale conveyor are presented and discussed.

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