Field Trial of Local Nutrition Plans and Programs Monitoring and Evaluation Protocol in the Philippines

Abstract Objectives The objective of ths study is to identify and assess food and nutrition-related policies in the Philippines. It also aimed to identify gaps in the implementation of the identified policies. Methods To identify nutrition policies, two online public search engines were used – Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines and The LAWPHiL Project of the Arellano Law Foundation. Manual searching through the websites initially garnered 31 policies relating to food and nutrition. Excluded from the list are those which are primarily agriculture or industry in content. The remaining policies focused on nutrition promotion and enhancement of service delivery to improve nutrition outcomes. Results The Philippine government through its designate nutrition agencies have been responsive to the health needs of its people. Some policies have been lobbied for longer periods than others; while some which have already been enacted into national laws lacked updating. Common challenges to implementation are lack of monitoring and evaluation tools and resources, and lack of community awareness. Conclusions The general outcome of policy implementation is affected by political will on the local administrative level; thereby resulting to inconsistent action plans at the grassroots. Funding Sources N/A.

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Process Evaluation of Nutrition Intervention Strategy in a Local Philippine Setting

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/2150132720915407 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 215013272091540

Author(s):

Rowena V. Viajar ◽

Julieta B. Dorado ◽

Glenda P. Azaña ◽

Heidenhein A. Ibarra ◽

Eldridge B. Ferrer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Process Evaluation ◽

Local Level ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

Strong Support ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Nutrition Intervention

Aims: Undernutrition among 0 to 5 years old children remains a public health problem in the Philippines. This process evaluation study documented and examined the implementation of an intervention strategy for young children. Methods: Complementary feeding of 6-month to 2-year-old children was implemented for 120 days by the municipalities of Plaridel and Pulilan in Bulacan, Philippines utilizing local-based food made of rice and mung bean along with nutrition education classes among mothers/caregivers using the developed nutrition modules. A total of 121 mother-/caregiver-child pairs were the program participants of the intervention. Pre-post design were used in the analysis of quantitative data. Qualitative data were encoded verbatim manually using emerging themes. Key informant interviews among community workers and municipal officials and focus group discussions among mothers/caregivers and community workers were conducted to gather the needed data. Results: The municipalities adhered to the program phases of planning, organizing, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. At end-line, the weight of children participants increased in both municipalities and the mean nutrition knowledge scores of mothers/caregivers increased significantly ( P < .05). Conclusions: This process evaluation confirmed that the proposed nutrition intervention strategy for young children can be implemented at the local level. The strong support and active cooperation of the local program implementers and mothers/caregivers and adherence to program requirements were the key factors in the efficient implementation of the intervention. For sustainability, the passing of local ordinance for the adoption of intervention and budget support for implementation of the intervention is recommended.

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Experiences, perceptions and expectations of local project actors on monitoring and evaluation: A case study in the Philippines

Journal of International Development ◽

10.1002/(sici)1099-1328(199701)9:1<1::aid-jid297>3.0.co;2-9 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pierre Lefèvre ◽

Concepcion Garcia

Keyword(s):

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Perceptions And Expectations

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Perception of Program Administrators and Student Representatives on the Implementation of Return Service Agreement in Selected Institutions in the Philippines

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v54i3.1666 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan P. Guevarra ◽

Paolo Victor N. Medina ◽

Michelle D. Avelino ◽

Ma. Rhenea Anne M. Cengca ◽

Mikko Anthony L. Ting ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Health Workers ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Apparent Lack ◽

Program Administrators ◽

Evaluation Scheme ◽

Open Coding ◽

Service Agreement ◽

The Voice

Objectives. The study aimed to determine the perception of program administrators and students on the implementation of return service agreement (RSA) in the Philippines. It examined the different components of, and opportunities, and challenges in the implementation of RSA of selected institutions. Methods. Key informant interviews using a topic guide were conducted with ten program administrators and student representatives from selected institutions implementing a return service policy. Interviews were transcribed and responses in Filipino were translated to English. Open coding and focused coding were performed to identify categories and themes from the interview transcripts. Results. Addressing human resource for health (HRH) needs of the country is a common rationale behind RSA implementation among the institutions sampled for the study. A notable difference in implementation arrangements is the manner of rendering service. Majority of RSA programs require promisors to be employed in any part of the Philippines in need of health workers, while other RSA programs recruit students from rural areas in order to deploy them later on in their hometowns. There is also an apparent lack of institutionalized mechanisms for job placement for students to fulfill their return service obligations. One challenge in most institutions is the need for a formal monitoring and evaluation scheme for the policy. Conclusion. Integration of the voice of stakeholders is critical in the conceptualization, development, and implementation of RSA policies. This will ensure that issues attendant to operationalization are mitigated if not outrightly avoided.

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Implementasi Gender Mainstraiming dalam Konteks Pembangunan: Studi Kasus Keberhasilan Kesetaraan Gender di Filipina tahun 2018

Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional ◽

10.26593/jihi.v17i2.4111.200-218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 200-218

Author(s):

Okta Dewi

Keyword(s):

Gender Equality ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Development Plan ◽

Gender Mainstreaming ◽

Political Empowerment ◽

Magna Carta ◽

Development Context ◽

The Government

ABSTRAK Filipina yang dikenal sebagai negara patriarki diera kolonialisme kini menjadi satu-satunya negara yang yang memiliki tingkat kesetaraan gender tertinggi di Asia. Pengembangan kebijakan pemerintah yang berfokus pada peningkatan kesetaraan gender, menjadikan laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki akses yang sama terhadap semua sumber daya. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan tentang implementasi gender mainstraiming yang dilihat dari konteks pembangunan di Filipina dalam menegakkan kebijakan kesetaraan gender. Tulisan ini mengelaborasikan bahwa implementasi konsep gender mainstraiming yang mengintegrasikan perspektif gender ke dalam persiapan, perancangan, penerapan, monitoring dan evaluasi kebijakan, peraturan pelaksanaan dan program pembiayaan, sebagai salah satu kunci keberasilan kesetaraan gender di Filipina. Dalam artikel ini, penulis menjabarkan tiga argumen utama keberhasilan kesetaraan gender di Filipina pada tulisan ini: pertama, diaodpsinya terminologi gender mainstraiming. Kedua, penerapan gender mainstraiming yang dibuktikan dengan dibentuknya beberapa undang-undang peraturan serta program terkait penerapan kesetaraan gender yaitu The Magna Carta of Women (MCW), The Philippine Development Plan for Women (PDPW) 1989-1992, dan The Philippine Plan for Gender-Responsive Development (PPGD) 1995−2025. Ketiga, implementasi gender mainstraiming dibeberapa sektor diantaranya partisipasi ekonomi dan peluang, pencapaian pendidikan, kesehatan dan kelangsungan hidup, dan pemberdayaan politik. Keseiusan dan kesadaran tinggi pemerintah mengenai pentingya kesetaraan gender konteks pembangunan dituangkan dalam perturan serta undang-undang sebagai kunci yang kemudian diimplementasikan disegala kebijakan. Dalam penjabarannya, penulisan ini akan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan bersumber pada data sekunder. Kata Kunci: Kesetaraan gender, perempuan & pembangunan, gender mainstraiming, Filipina ABSTRACT The Philippines, which is known as a patriarchal country in the era of colonialism, is now the only country that has the highest level of gender equality in Asia. Development of government policies that focus on improving gender equality, giving men and women equal access to all resources. This raises questions about the implementation of gender mainstreaming seen from the context of development in the Philippines in enforcing gender equality policies. This paper elaborates that the implementation of the concept of gender mainstreaming which integrates a gender perspective into the preparation, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies, implementing regulations and financing programs, is one of the keys to the success of gender equality in the Philippines. In this article, the author outlines three main arguments for the success of gender equality in the Philippines in this paper: first, the diodection of the terminology of gender mainstreaming. Second, the implementation of gender mainstaking as evidenced by the formation of several laws and programs related to the implementation of gender equality, namely The Magna Carta of Women (MCW), The Philippine Development Plan for Women (PDPW) 1989-1992, and The Philippine Plan for Gender- Responsive Development (PPGD) 1995-2025. Third, the implementation of gender mainstreaming in several sectors including economic participation and opportunities, educational attainment, health and survival, and political empowerment. The seriousness and high awareness of the government regarding the importance of gender equality in the development context is outlined in regulations and laws as keys which are then implemented in all policies. In the elaboration, this paper will use qualitative research methods sourced from secondary data. Keywords: Gender Equality, women & Development, Gender Mainstraiming, Philippines

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University-Community Partnerships: A Local Planning Co-Production Study on Calabarzon, Philippines

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11071850 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1850

Author(s):

Lovely S. Mores ◽

Jeongwoo Lee ◽

Woongkyoo Bae

Keyword(s):

Technical Writing ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Community Partnerships ◽

The Philippines ◽

Hazard Mapping ◽

Local Planning ◽

Writing Project ◽

Sustainable Community Development ◽

Partnership Formation ◽

University Community

University-community partnerships provide opportunities for collaborations and meaningful engagement with community partners, in order to promote sustainable community development. To date, studies on university-community partnerships have largely neglected partnership potential and readiness prior to partnership formation. These factors enable expectations and targets to be negotiated and potential problems to be anticipated, prior to any formal collaboration. Hence, this study investigates the optimal preconditions—including environment, resources, and motivation—to facilitate successful university-community collaboration for local urban planning. Specifically, a sample of local government units (LGUs) and universities in the Calabarzon region of the Philippines were interviewed and observed to determine their needs and access to planning resources at universities, as well as factors that would ensure sustained partnerships. The results show that there is a need for university-community partnerships in local planning, since LGUs have limited technical capacity in preparing comprehensive land use plans, particularly with respect to data analysis, technical writing, project development, and hazard mapping. Conversely, LGUs have more financial resources than universities. Local universities were determined to be uniquely suited to meet the technical and human resource needs of LGUs. Importantly, though, previous partnership experience was found to dramatically influence both parties’ decisions regarding whether or not to pursue a partnership. Accordingly, there is a need to temper the desires and expectations of partner organizations, and lay down the foundations of sustainable university-community partnership prior to partnership formation. Toward this end, policies that bolster partnership institutionalization, funding, and systematic monitoring and evaluation systems can enhance the utility of such partnerships moving forward.

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Office Bullying in the Philippines and the Need for Public Policy

Macro Management & Public Policies ◽

10.30564/mmpp.v3i4.4265 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Feliciana P. Jacoba ◽

Rosemarie R. Casimiro ◽

Olive Chester C. Antonio ◽

Arneil G. Gabriel

Keyword(s):

Workplace Bullying ◽

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

National Policy ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

State Intervention ◽

The Philippines ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Policy Paper

There is an urgent need to solve the problem of workplace bullying in both private and government sectors. Bullying at work creates serious negative consequences to the victims and the organization affecting their productivity. The magnitude of the problem necessitates state intervention to correct market and government failures. This policy paper studies office bullying and the need to legislate to realize efficient and effective allocation of government and private resources. It is guided by the Constitutional mandate that maintenance of peace, harmony, health and safety at work is an inherent duty of the State because of its inherent power to issue orders and command obedience to mitigate its effects. Using Cost Benefit Analysis, Institutional Analysis to policy making, and Rational-Decision making as tools for analysis, crafting and passing upon a statute is the most feasible means to address the problem of workplace bullying. The need to legislate a national policy on workplace bullying is necessary to mitigate its negative consequences both to employees and organizational productivity. Office bullying as a public issue also requires strict monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of similar or related laws may also address the problems cause by the same destructive behaviors but are inadequately explored in many researches.

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Community Organizing for Indigenous People in the Philippines: A Proposed Approach

10.1101/2021.06.24.21259509 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jailah Bamba ◽

Cristela Candelario ◽

Rosarie Gabuya ◽

Lhearnie Manongdo

Keyword(s):

Indigenous People ◽

Community Organizing ◽

English Language ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Indigenous Communities ◽

The Philippines ◽

Indigenous Populations ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Private And Public ◽

The Republic

Cognizant of the special needs of indigenous people in the Philippines, the Republic Act No. 8371 of 1997 was established to promote and protect their rights. Over the years, a number of community organizing efforts for the improvement of these communities were conducted by stakeholders from the private and public sectors. However, resistance has been reported due to poor understanding and integration of these indigenous populations' varied cultures and traditions. This study aims to describe the predominant principles and frameworks used for community organizing among indigenous people. Specifically, it seeks to propose a community organizing approach that is culturally sensitive and appropriate for indigenous communities in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas in the Philippines. A systematic review was conducted on four databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Google Scholar) by four independent researchers. Inclusion criteria involved studies about community organizing protocols in the Philippines, published in peer-reviewed journals from 2010-2020, and written in the English language. Assessment of the quality of included studies was done using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist, and narrative synthesis was employed to summarize and report the findings. Thirteen studies met our inclusion criteria out of a total of fifty-five articles searched. Based on the evidence, our proposed approach builds on Groundwork, Indigenous Capacity Building, Community Participation and Ownership, Mobilization, and Sustainability. We highlight the emphasis of harnessing indigenous knowledge and Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation to involve them in all steps of the planning and decision-making processes. Furthermore, we distill tools and methodologies that could strengthen and precipitate successful community organizing endeavors.

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Monitoring and Evaluation of Reef Protected Areas by Local Fishers in the Philippines: Tightening the Adaptive Management Cycle

Biodiversity and Conservation ◽

10.1007/s10531-005-8414-x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2775-2794 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Andre J. Uychiaoco ◽

Hazel O. Arceo ◽

Stuart J. Green ◽

Margarita T. De La Cruz ◽

Paulyn A. Gaite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Adaptive Management ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Management Cycle

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What works in water supply and sanitation projects in developing countries with EWB-USA

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2015-0043 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Melissa J. Montgomery

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Community Education ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

The Philippines ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

World Health ◽

Human Needs ◽

The World ◽

Water Supply And Sanitation

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) reports some progress on the global problem of a lack of improved water and sanitation. Between 1990 and 2012, the number of people that gained improved access to improved drinking water reached 2.3 billion people, while the number of children that have died from diarrheal diseases has fallen from 1.5 million deaths to just above 600,000 deaths (1, 2). However, it is estimated that there are still 1.8 billion people using a fecally contaminated source of drinking water (3). In addition, 748 million people continue to lack clean water, 1 billion continue to practice open defecation, and 2.5 billion people still lack adequate sanitation (3). In response to this global issue, Engineers Without Borders USA (EWB-USA) began with a mission to build a better world through engineering projects that empower communities to meet their basic human needs and equip leaders to solve the world’s most pressing challenges. Their 15,000+ members work with communities to find appropriate solutions to improve water supply, sanitation, energy, agriculture, civil works and structures. Their development approach is based on standard engineering methodology, including problem identification, assessment, alternatives analysis, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation. EWB-USA began in 2002 and currently has members working in over 40 countries around the world. The majority of their work is focused in Latin America and Africa, but their programs are expanding to Asia and the Pacific Basin. Currently, EWB-USA members are working in 17 programs in six countries, including the Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, India, Nepal, and Fiji. Success in these programs is defined by measuring overall impact and learning from failure. Impact is measured through Standard Monitoring Indicators and learning is accomplished by documenting failures and lessons learned. Through this work, the organization has impacted 2.5 million lives through primarily water supply and sanitation projects by focusing on sustainable engineering solutions, community-education, capacity building, and appropriate technologies and local resources.

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