scholarly journals Psychological Correlates of Substance Abuse among First-admission Patients with Substance Use Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Satyananda Panda
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Admission

The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological correlates of substance abuse among first-admission male and female patients diagnosed with substance use disorders. Data was collected from a sample of 60 (30 male and 30 female) first-admitted patients with substance use disorders (SUDs), with no previous history of specialized treatment (addiction clinics, psychiatry). Substance use disorders were diagnosed according to DSM-V. Patients were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised (EPQ-R). The statistical analysis indicated that depression did not correlate with psychoticism (r = -.062). There existed a negative and significant correlation between depression and extraversion (r = -.68, p<.01). There also existed a negative and significant correlation between extraversion and neuroticism (r= -.601, p<.01). Neuroticism correlated with depression positively and significantly (r = .59, p<.01). There was no significant difference found between hospitalized male and female patients with substance abuse disorders on different psychological variables like depression, psychoticism, and neuroticism. However, a significant difference among them was found on extraversion (t=3.17, p<.01). Depression and personality traits still may have some role in the etiology of substance use disorder and may act either as predisposing, precipitating or perpetuating factors. So, depression and personality traits of a person should be considered during treatment, management, prevention and rehabilitation of the patients with substance use disorder.

Prevalence and severity of substance use disorders and onset of psychosis in first-admission psychotic patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. RABINOWITZ ◽  
E. J. BROMET ◽  
J. LAVELLE ◽  
G. CARLSON ◽  
B. KOVASZNAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
First Admission

Background. Past studies have found inconsistent evidence that substance use disorders are related to earlier onset of schizophrenia or more severe symptoms. This study examines prevalence and severity of current substance use disorders and onset of psychotic illness in a multi-facility sample.Methods. Data are from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project, an epidemiological study of first admission psychosis. The SCID and instruments measuring symptomatology, personality and background characteristics were administered. Respondents were stratified into three groups: (a) no life-time substance diagnosis; (b) in remission or reporting current mild use at admission; and (c) current moderate–severe substance abuse at admission.Results. Using the SCID severity rating, 17·4% of males and 6·2% of the females had moderate or severe current substance abuse, while 41·5% of males and 68·2% of females had no lifetime substance diagnosis. In almost all cases categorized as moderate–severe, the substance diagnosis predated onset of psychosis. Females categorized as moderate–severe had an earlier age of onset of psychosis than did females in the other groups. There were only slight differences in symptom severity among the groups but more marked antisocial behaviour in the moderate–severe group. Variables discriminating the moderate–severe from non-abuse groups were BPRS thought disturbance, adult anti-social behaviour and current cigarette smoking for males and adult antisocial behaviour and child–teen antisocial behaviour for females.Conclusions. Severity of substance abuse does not appear to be a pivotal correlate of the early features of psychotic illness.

Emotion Regulation and Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents

2017 ◽  
pp. 210-234
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Wills ◽  
Jeffrey S. Simons ◽  
Olivia Manayan ◽  
M. Koa Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
School Based ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Substance Consumption

Chapter 11 evaluates how emotion dysregulation enhances vulnerability to substance use disorders in adolescents. In late adolescence (15–18 years of age), recurrent substance users are prone to develop substance use disorder in adulthood. Substance use disorder may be broadly characterized as the inability to regulate substance consumption, deleteriously impacting social functioning, whilst accumulating a myriad of negative consequences and recurring risk to the self. Research suggests emotion dysregulation may be a predisposing factor that presents prior to onset of disorder. Moreover, dysregulation in cognitive, emotional and behavioral domains may be interconnected processes; substance abuse presenting as a product of overall dysregulation. Although theoretical efforts have outlined conceptual models delineating the relationship between emotion regulation and substance abuse, limited evidence has been garnered in adolescent samples. From a treatment perspective, school-based interventions centered on fostering adaptive emotion regulation skills have demonstrated efficacy, and maintained positive findings at long-term follow-up.

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

2017 ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Myrna M. Weissman ◽  
John C. Markowitz ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Better Than

This chapter includes an overview of the use of IPT for patients with substance abuse (e.g., alcohol, opiates, cocaine, and nicotine) and addictive disorders. The available data do not allow us to recommend IPT as a treatment for patients with a substance use disorder. There have been several negative IPT trials in this population, and in this setting IPT has been found to be no better than a control condition. However, some small studies in process are more optimistic for its use in narrowly defined samples. Based on the published literature, approaches other than IPT that focus on sobriety or relapse prevention may be preferable for patients with substance use disorders. IPT has never been intended as a treatment for all patients with all conditions, and substance abuse may be an area where its application has limited utility.

scholarly journals Gender differences in clinical and sociodemographic pattern of substance Use disorder

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Elhabiby ◽  
H H Elrassas ◽  
M H Morsi ◽  
F M N Ezzat
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Substance use disorder (SUD) is a significant public health concern and is one among the most common psychiatric disorders beginning in young adulthood. The history of substance abuse is as old as mankind itself; recently it has become a global problem that is influenced by social, economic, political, and psychosocial factors, scientist have long noted an association between social relationships and health. Aim of the work to analyze and discuss similarities and difference between the genders in substance use disorder, highlighting severity of substance use disorder in both male and female focusing on comorbidity of substance use disorder in both male and female. Subjects and Methods This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 117 addict patient (39 f and 78 m) who seek a treatment in Egyptian psychiatric hospitals. The Sample was collected from inpatient and outpatient department of Ain Shams Psychiatric hospital, Heliopolis (Almatar) Psychiatric Hospital and Alabasseya Psychiatric hospital. Results the study revealed a statistically significant difference in various parameters as the mean age of abuse was higher among men than women with longer duration of life time and last 30 days intake compared to females. As regard marital status, married men percentage was lower in comparison to females who had a higher percentage of divorces. Regarding educational level, more females completed primary level but more males completed to tertiary diploma and higher percentage compared with females. Males abuse was more physically and emotionally but females exposed to more sexual abuse. Legal problems were higher in males as violation and drug charge compared to the females. On the other hand, job and dealing drugs as a source of money for drugs were mainly in males but females gained money mainly from the family or prostitution. Men showed higher rates of HCV infection than female. Conclusion there is a clear difference between men and women in many of the points covered in this study, which confirms that there must be different programs developed specifically for women and not as sometimes happens by the application of treatment programs addiction to men, which leads to the consequences of unsatisfactory For female patients as well as those involved in the treatment of addiction.

scholarly journals Investigating the efficacy of meaning-centred therapy among a sample of individuals with substance use disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-272
Author(s):  
S.F. Agberotimi ◽  
C. Oduaran
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
And Control

Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of meaning-centred therapy (MCT) in the management of substance use disorders (SUD) in Nigeria. Methods: A pre-test post-test control group experimental study was conducted among young individuals with substance use disorders.  Participants were purposively selected and randomly assigned to treatment (MCT) and control groups. Participants' mean age was 22.05±2.14 years. Assessments of both groups were done at intake, immediately after completion of the therapy (which is 10-weeks), and at 1-month follow-up. Independent-sample t-test and one-way repeated measure of analysis of variance were used for analyses at 0.05 significant level. Result: Individuals in the MCT group reported significantly lower substance use disorder symptoms compared to those in the control group. There was an overall significant difference between the SUD means of participants that received MCT at pre-test, post-test, and 1-month follow-up. Conclusion: It was concluded that MCT provided effective treatment of substance use disorder among the Nigerian population; its utilization is therefore recommended.  

Substance Use Disorder Comorbidity Among Inpatient Youths With Psychiatric Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harith Swadi ◽  
Candace Bobier
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Inpatient Unit ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: Substance abuse/dependence has been reported to show significant association with psychopathology, and is likely to influence the course and outcome of psychiatric illness. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of substance use disorders (other than alcohol) comorbidity among inpatient adolescents with severe Axis 1 psychiatric disorder. Method: A retrospective analysis of systematically collected data was carried out. The subjects were 16–18-year-old youths, admitted to an inpatient unit for severe psychiatric disorder. The data collection process utilized the DSM-IV criteria for diagnostic categorization of psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder. Demographic data, and data on suicide attempts were also collected. Results: Over a period of one year (March 2001–March 2002), 62 patients were admitted to the Christchurch Youth Inpatient Unit; 40 (64.5%) had a comorbid Substance Abuse Disorder (SAD) according to DSM-IV criteria and none had a Substance Dependence Disorder. The vast majority involved cannabis and stimulants. Sixty per cent of those with mood disorder, 63% of those with anxiety disorder and 80% of those with schizophrenia spectrum disorder had a comorbid SAD. Internalizing problems, especially mood disorders, predominated among those with SAD reflecting the Unit's admission criteria. There were no differences in attempted suicide rates between those with SAD and those without SAD, but those with SAD were more likely to have unstable accommodation/living arrangements than those without SAD. Conclusions: Our findings confirm previous reports suggestive of high rates of SAD comorbidity among youth with severe psychiatric illness. There are clinical and process implications for these findings particularly identification of substance use disorders and their treatment as well as resource availability and staff training.

scholarly journals Substance Use Disorder: A Need to Address the Gender Difference

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reni Thomas ◽  
R. Dhanasekara Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Intervention Programme

This paper aim to emphasize on the increase in the number of substance abuse among women along with a highlight on the need to understand gender differences in substance use disorders and necessitate having gender specific treatment which address the specific needs of women with substance use problems. With this aim, this article has put an effort to give more insight into gender differences in substance use disorders by elaborating on bio-psycho-social differences. This article also help the mental health professionals to acknowledge the need to have a specific intervention programme which address the issues, needs, strengths and challenges of women with substance use disorder. A brief review of literature pertaining to this specific area shows the necessity  to develop a need based psychosocial intervention exclusively addressing women specific bio-psycho-social issues of substance dependence is of critical in the context of increasing women’s alcohol and other substance dependence behaviors as a byproduct of ongoing social change that dispose women vulnerable to substance abuse and dependence.

Addiction and Violence Among People with Severe Mental Illnesses: An Updated Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S153-S153
Author(s):  
I. Khemiri ◽  
F. Fekih Romdhane ◽  
A. Belkhiria ◽  
J. Lamia ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Co Morbidity

IntroductionViolence has important relevance for the criminal justice and health care systems especially forensic psychiatry. Previous studies reported the relation between violence, mental illness and substance abuse. We purpose to investigate the association between addiction and violence among people with severe mental illness through a review of literature.Methodwe conducted a Medline and Pubmed literature search of studies published between “2000 and 2015”, combining the terms “psychotic disorders”, “addiction” “substance use disorder”.ResultsThe studies published showed that much of the excessive violence observed in patients with severe psychiatric disorders is due to co-morbid substance use. Increasing violence associated with substance use disorders in these patients had same level than that observed among subjects without severe psychiatric disorders. Increasing violence in subjects with substance use disorder but without severe mental disorders was higher than in patients with only severe mental disorders. In fact, mental disorders could increase the risk of installing on substance use disorders, and therefore increase the risk of partner violence. Among the substances used, if alcohol is frequently identified as a consumer risk for the emergence of violence among subjects with severe psychiatric disorders, stimulants could be causing more violence than alcohol.ConclusionsSevere mental illnesses are associated with violence. However, most of the excess risk appears to be mediated by substance abuse co-morbidity. This finding improves the need of prevention of substance use disorders and emphasizes the fact that patients with severe mental disorders are more often victims than perpetrators of violence.

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