scholarly journals Dermoscopy of topical steroid-dependent or damaged face: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sheenam Sethi ◽  
Payal Chauhan ◽  
Rashmi Jindal ◽  
Yashwant Singh Bisht
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Topical Steroid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Steroid Dependent ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Topical corticosteroid (TCS) abuse is rampant and results in steroid addiction labeled as topical steroid-dependent or damaged face (TSDF). Indian market is replete with triple combination creams containing TCS sold as over-the-counter products at low cost, luring people to use them without prescription. The resultant damage if detected late is irreversible and difficult to treat. Dermoscopy can help in the early identification of features of TSDF at a preclinical stage resulting in better prognosis. However, the literature on the same is limited. Aims: This study is undertaken to characterize dermoscopic features of TSDF and to correlate them with potency and duration of application of the TCS. Methods: One hundred and thirty-two patients aged 18 years or above, with clinical symptoms and signs suggestive of TSDF and with history of application of TCS on the face for a period of more than one month, were enrolled in the study. Their demographic details, clinical features, and dermoscopy findings were recorded using a predesigned structured format. Comparison of dermoscopic findings with clinical examination, gender, potency of TCS, and duration of TCS use was done using Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and one-tailed Z-test. Results: Mean age of the patients was 31.7 ± 8.1 years. Male to female ratio was 2:9. Sixty-nine (52.3%) patients abused TCS for more than one year. Clinical findings noted in the patients were erythema (81.1%), hyperpigmentation (80.3%), and hypertrichosis (68.2%). The most common dermoscopy findings seen were brown globules (96.2%), red diffuse areas (92.4%), vessels (87.1%), white structureless areas (86.4%), and hypertrichosis (80.3%). Red diffuse areas, vessels, brown globules, white structureless areas, and white hair were observed in a statistically higher proportion of cases dermoscopically. Y-shaped vessels and brown globules were seen in significantly higher number of patients, using TCS for more than three months and in those continuing it beyond six months, polygonal vessels were predominant. Limitations: Lack of histopathological correlation is the limitation of our study. Furthermore, brown globules seen in 96.2% patients of TSDF on dermoscopy may have been over-estimated and not always signify TSDF; instead, it could represent melasma for which patient applied TCS. Conclusion: Dermoscopy in TSDF can help dermatologists in a multitude of ways from confirming the diagnosis to differentiating from other causes of red face and predicting the approximate duration of TCS abuse.

scholarly journals Production of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Emergence of the Clinical Symptoms of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hormati ◽  
Hossein Poustchi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ghadir ◽  
Saeede Jafari ◽  
Narges Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Antibody Levels

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide public health problem that has attracted much attention due to its clinical findings. Measurement of IgG and IgM antibodies is of great importance for researchers and it will help to develop a new diagnostic and therapeutic method in clinical care. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to measure the IgG and IgM antibody levels in 401 suspected COVID-19 volunteers. We also measure the time duration for the appearance of IgG and IgM antibodies from the onset of symptoms to sampling time. Of 401 participants enrolled in the study, 255 (63.59%) were healthy, 79 (19.70%) were a carrier, 59 (14.71%) were cured and 8 (1.99%) were borderline. Of 142 subjects diagnosed with COVID-19, 41 (28.87%) presented with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, 83 (58.45%) had no GI symptoms, and 18 (12.68%) were asymptomatic. According to our findings, the measurement of IgG and IgM antibodies will provide the tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and significantly boost research into novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Silent brain infarcts in chronic kidney disease patients with nonspecific neurological symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
P Sasanka ◽  
◽  
Dr. T. Jaya Chandra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Brain Infarcts ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Silent brain infarcts (SBI) are parenchymal lesions of previous infarcts, classified astype III cerebrovascular disorder. A study was undertaken to find the relation between SBIs andnonspecific neurological complaints, an association of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)with silent brain infarcts. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study conducted in the departmentof Nephrology, GSL Medical College, from January to December 2020. Individuals aged > 18 yearswith nonspecific neurological complaints were included. MRI brain, hsCRP and electrocardiogramwere also carried as per the standard protocol. Fischer exact test was used to find the statisticalsignificance; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 51 members haveincluded the male-female ratio was 1.04. SBI was presented in 27.4% (14). Age-wise, among thecortical SBI patients, maximum (75%) were in the> 61 years group. High density lipoprotein levelswere > 40 mg/dL in 39.2%, normal triglycerides (TGL) were observed in 71% and raised hsCRP in62.7% (32). Statistically, there was no significant difference in TGL levels. hsCRP levels were raisedin 3 (75%) members with cortical SBI; statistically, there was no significant difference. Conclusion:The traditional risk factors associated with stroke were present in the patients with SBI. hsCRP wasraised in chronic kidney disease patients having NSCL and having SBI.

scholarly journals Differential Activation of Neuroinflammatory Pathways in Children with Seizures: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bartolini ◽  
Michael P. Moran ◽  
Gina Norato ◽  
Bobbe Thomas ◽  
Alexander D. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Differential Activation ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Acute Seizures ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Experimental and clinical findings suggest a crucial role of inflammation in epileptogenesis. We aimed to analyze levels of inflammatory cytokines in plasma and saliva from children with acute seizures and healthy controls and measure their associations with HHV6 and EBV infection. Methods We analyzed plasma from 36 children within 24 hours of acute seizures (cases) and 43 healthy controls and saliva from 44 cases and 44 controls with a multiplex immunoassay. Saliva from all controls and 65 cases and blood from 26 controls and 35 cases were also analyzed by ddPCR for viral DNA. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, Fisher’s exact test, ANOVA and Spearman correlation. Results Compared to controls, children with breakthrough seizures (n=18) had higher levels of CCL11 (p<0.001), CCL26 (p<0.001), IL-8 (p=0.03), CCL4 (p=0.02) in plasma. Children with new onset seizures (n=13) showed higher levels of CCL11 (p=0.05) and IL-6 (p=0.01). Patients with febrile seizures (n=5) had higher levels of IFNγ (p<0.001), IL-6 (p<0.001), IL-10 (p<0.001), CXCL10 (p=0.001). CCL11 was higher with 3 or more seizures (p=0.01), seizures longer than 10 minutes (p=0.001) and when EEG showed focal slowing (p=0.02). In saliva, febrile seizures had higher levels of IL-1β (n=7, p=0.04) and new onset seizures had higher IL-6 (n=15, p=0.02). Plasma and saliva cytokine levels did not show correlation. Frequency of HHV-6 and EBV detection was similar across seizure types and not different than controls. We found no correlation between viral load and cytokine levels Conclusions We showed differential activation of neuroinflammatory pathways in plasma from different seizure etiologies compared to controls, unrelated to HHV-6 infection.

scholarly journals Differential Activation of Neuroinflammatory Pathways in Children with Seizures: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Bartolini ◽  
Michael P. Moran ◽  
Gina Norato ◽  
Bobbe Thomas ◽  
Alexander D. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Differential Activation ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Acute Seizures ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background: Experimental and clinical findings suggest a crucial role of inflammation in epileptogenesis. We aimed to analyze levels of inflammatory cytokines in plasma and saliva from children with acute seizures and healthy controls and measure their associations with HHV6 and EBV infection. Methods: We analyzed plasma from 36 children within 24 hours of acute seizures (cases) and 43 healthy controls and saliva from 44 cases and 44 controls with a multiplex immunoassay. Saliva from all controls and 65 cases and blood from 26 controls and 35 cases were also analyzed by ddPCR for viral DNA. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, Fisher’s exact test, ANOVA and Spearman correlation. Results: Compared to controls, children with breakthrough seizures (n=18) had higher levels of CCL11 (p<0.001), CCL26 (p<0.001), IL-8 (p=0.03), CCL4 (p=0.02) in plasma. Children with new onset seizures (n=13) showed higher levels of CCL11 (p=0.05) and IL-6 (p=0.01). Patients with febrile seizures (n=5) had higher levels of IFNg (p<0.001), IL-6 (p<0.001), IL-10 (p<0.001), CXCL10 (p=0.001). CCL11 was higher with 3 or more seizures (p=0.01), seizures longer than 10 minutes (p=0.001) and when EEG showed focal slowing (p=0.02). In saliva, febrile seizures had higher levels of IL-1β (n=7, p=0.04) and new onset seizures had higher IL-6 (n=15, p=0.02). Plasma and saliva cytokine levels did not show correlation. Frequency of HHV-6 and EBV detection was similar across seizure types and not different than controls. We found no correlation between viral load and cytokine levels Conclusions: We showed differential activation of neuroinflammatory pathways in plasma from different seizure etiologies compared to controls, unrelated to HHV-6 infection.

scholarly journals Admission Profile and Outcome of Patients in a Level III Intensive Care Unit: A Two-Year Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sunil Pathak ◽  
Subhash P Acharya ◽  
Pragya Acharya ◽  
Binita Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male Preponderance

Introduction An Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an area where critically ill patients are admitted and the highest level of care is provided with close intensive monitoring and management. Clinical audit is a must to measure indicators of the quality of care in ICU and benchmarking outcome. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the profile of patients admitted to ICU and assess their outcome of two consecutive years. MethodsA single-institutional, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on all adult patients admitted to the ICU of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, between April 2018 and April 2020 (Baisakh 2075 to Chaitra 2076). ResultsWith an average of 1.98 admissions per day, a total of 1447 patients were admitted to TUTH ICU over the period of two years. A male preponderance was noted with a male to female ratio of 1.19:1. Most of the patients admitted were neurosurgical cases 429 (29.6%). A total of 884 (61%) were shifted out of ICU in stable condition while the overall mortality was 458 (31.6%). ConclusionThis study shows that there is a higher severity of illness at admission as well as a comparatively high mortality rate. More number of patients were male, of age group of 15-65 years, with medical and neurosurgical conditions. This study of profile and outcome of patients admitted in ICU can serve as a quality indicator as well as evidence on which planning and policymaking can be based upon in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Clinical Symptoms Related to Common Serogroups of Leptospirosis in North of Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Mostafa Javanian ◽  
Mahmoud Sadeghi Haddad Zavareh ◽  
Nasrollah Vahedi ◽  
Arefeh Babazadeh ◽  
Soheil Ebrahimpour
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Of Iran

Leptospirosis is a common disease between humans and animals. Identifying common serogroups and comparing different clinical symptoms among them can help in finding the clinical pattern associated with pathogen serogroupes of leptospirosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study has been to investigate the common serotypes of the infection and their clinical symptoms in northern Iran. This cross-sectional study was carried out in educational hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences during the years 2011- 2014. Subjects with clinical findings consistent with leptospirosis were included in the study. According to the standard MAT guidelines, the titre >=1: 200 was considered positive. Then, the patients identified by serogroup separation, were examined and compared clinical symptoms. Among 6o patients with primary diagnosis of leptospirosis in this study, 35 of them proved to be infected to the disease. The most common serogroups were serjoe (40%) and icterohemorrhagia (31.4%). Autumnalis (22.8%), grippotyphosa (11.4%), canicola (8.6%), and pomona (2.8%) were included the subsequent serogroups. The highest frequency of fever (28%) and gastrointestinal manifestations (36%) were observed in icterohemorrhagia and the highest icterus (30%) was found in serjoe serogroup. In this study, serjoe serogroup with fever and icterus, and then icterohemorrhagia with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms were introduced as the most common serogroups of Leptospirosis. Also the rarest serogroups were canicola and pomona.

scholarly journals Prognostic factors influencing anatomical and functional outcome of Myringoplasty

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
KM Nurul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Idrish Ali ◽  
Md Mahmudul Huq ◽  
Md Abu Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Operative Assessment ◽  
Head Neck Surgery

Objective: To assess the rate of healing of tympanic membrane, hearing status before and after operation and determine the factors influencing surgical outcome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the department of Otolaryngology & Head- Neck Surgery of SSMC & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, during the period of January, 2008 to December, 2009. A total of 60 patients was underwent myringoplasty operation and taken detailed history, clinical findings and post operative assessment. Analyzed data presented by various tables, graphs and figures. Results: The study included 60 patients of myringoplasty operation. Age of the patient was between 15-45 years. Out of 60 patients male was 60% and female was 40%. Highest number of patients was in the age group of 15-25 years. Conclusion: Hearing improvement after myringoplasty in anatomically successful cases improve quality of life of the patient. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i1.14858 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(1): 18-23

scholarly journals A cross-sectional observational study assessing the clinical profile of patients with iron deficiency anaemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1367
Author(s):  
Nauka S. Shah ◽  
Jaya M. Pathak ◽  
Purva C. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Pedal Edema

Background: Our objective in this research was to study the clinical profile of patients having iron deficiency anaemia.Methods: This was an observational cross sectional study conducted in Medicine out-patient and in-patient departments of Baroda Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara from February, 2018 to November, 2018 and included all patients (N=50) above eighteen years of age who were diagnosed on admission with microcytic hypochromic or normocytic normochromic anaemia. Following detailed history, general examination and basic haematological investigations like complete blood count, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, etc., statistical analysis of the data was performed.Results: In the present study, it was found that maximum number of patients belonged to a younger age group (mean=36.82 years) with a majority being females (74%). Most common presenting complaint was weakness seen in 96% cases while the commonest clinical finding was pallor present in 100% cases followed by koilonychia in 32%. The most common cause of iron deficiency anaemia was nutritional seen in 60% patients.Conclusions: Generalised weakness, breathlessness, and pedal edema were the commonest presenting complaints in our study while pallor, koilonychia, and pedal edema were the most common clinical findings. Maximum number of patients had IDA due to a nutritional cause. Chronic gastrointestinal bleeding, inflammatory bowel disease, and menorrhagia are other causes of IDA. Amongst addicted, alcohol addiction seen in most cases.

scholarly journals Dermoscopic Characteristics of Melasma in Indians: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Chatterjee ◽  
Shekhar Neema
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Effect Of Therapy ◽  
Pigmentary Pattern

ABSTRACT Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the various dermoscopic features of melasma in Indian population. Materials and methods A total of 100 cases of clinically diagnosed melasma and 50 controls without melasma or any other facial pigmentation were studied dermoscopically at a tertiary care center in Eastern India. The various described relevant patterns of pigmentation on dermoscopy were recorded. Similar patterns were also looked for in the control population and the two compared. Statistical analysis was done with Fisher's exact test and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Cases consisted of 75 females and 25 males with an average age of 36 years as against an average age of 35 years for controls. Of the various patterns of pigmentation, reticuloglobular pigmentation was statistically significant in association with melasma (p < 0.0001). The unpatterned patchy brown black pigment was also significantly associated with melasma as compared to controls (p - 0.0346). A granular pigmentary pattern was also shown to be significantly associated with a diagnosis of melasma (p - 0.0123). Telangiectasia was seen more frequently in patients as compared to controls (p - 0.0327). Perifollicular brown black globules were not significantly correlated with a diagnosis of melasma. More than one pattern was present in a number of patients. Conclusion Dermoscopy of melasma can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and response or adverse effect of therapy. Study limitations Lack of direct correlation with histopathology and inclusion of therapy naïve as well as patients on therapy were major limitations of this study. How to cite this article Neema S, Chatterjee M. Dermoscopic Characteristics of Melasma in Indians: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Dermoscop 2017;1(1):6-10.

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