scholarly journals Leprosy vaccines – A voyage unfinished

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lasida Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Multidrug Therapy ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Mycobacterium W ◽  
Different Parts

Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is endemic in many regions of the world. With introduction of multidrug therapy in 1982, there has been a dramatic reduction in the prevalence of leprosy, but new cases continue to appear. There have been more than 200,000 new cases per year for the past 10 years. There is a renewed interest in leprosy vaccines with immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic roles. Due to the difficulty in cultivating M. leprae in artificial media, vaccine strategies have centered on the use of cross-sensitizing mycobacteria. Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) has been the most popular among these, but with a widely varying protective efficacy reported from different parts of the world. In three meta-analyses, BCG has shown strong evidence of efficacy against leprosy. Recently, India has focused interest on another vaccine, Mycobacterium indicus pranii vaccine earlier known as Mycobacterium w. To overcome the limitations of these whole cell vaccines, various recombinant BCGs and subunit vaccines have been developed and studied in experimental models. These often yield inconsistent results. However, a new subunit recombinant vaccine – LepVax holds promise and has completed Phase 1a clinical trials successfully.

Ralph Lansky in Conversation

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 160-183
Author(s):  
Igor I. Kavass ◽  
Arno Liivak
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

Perhaps the greatest reward for many of us who have participated in the activities of the International Association of Law Libraries over the past decades has been the opportunity to meet colleagues in our profession who work in so many different parts of the world. Unfortunately, there are so many of our members who have not been able to attend our meetings for one reason or another and have not had the opportunity to exchange thoughts on our often surprisingly shared common concerns in our professional work or to develop the friendships which transcend the distances which separate our daily lives.

A Forum for Researchers: What Is Research in Mathematics Education, and What Are Its Results?

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
Anna Sierpinska ◽  
Jeremy Kilpatrick ◽  
Nicolas Balacheff ◽  
A. Geoffrey Howson ◽  
Anna Sfard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Mathematical Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Mathematics Educators ◽  
General Feeling ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Research In Mathematics Education

As mathematics education has become better established as a domain of scienti fic research (if not as a scientific discipline), exactly what this research is and what its results are have become less clear. The hi story of the past three International Congresses on Mathematical Education demonstrates the need for greater clarity. At the Budapest congress in 1988, in particular, there was a general feeling that mathematics educators from different parts of the world. countries, or even areas of the same country often talk past one another. There seems to be a lack of consensus on what it means to be a mathematics educator. Standards of scientific quality and the criteria for accepting a paper vary considerably among the more than 250 journals on mathematics education published throughout the world.

White Paper: Efficacy of Psychiatric Drugs

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline A. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
The United States ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Behavioral And Emotional Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychiatric Drugs ◽  
The World ◽  
Meta Analyses

Psychiatric drugs have been a mainstay of treatment for a range of behavioral and emotional problems over the past 6 decades in the United States and around the world. Although their use has skyrocketed, the problems they purport to alleviate have not diminished but, in fact, have increased (Whitaker, 2010a). This article summarizes current evidence for the efficacy of antidepressants, antipsychotics, and stimulants. Findings from meta-analyses, reviews, and major trials do not support widespread use of these drugs.

scholarly journals Equality of Access? Chinese Women Practicing Chan and Transnational Meditation in Contemporary China

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Ngar-Sze Lau
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Buddhist Meditation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Chinese ◽  
Different Parts

This paper examines how the Buddhist revival, the Chan revival, and recent popularity of transnational meditation practices have facilitated Chinese women practicing Buddhist meditation in contemporary China. With the influence of the opening of China and growing transnational networks, there has been an increasing number of Han Chinese monastics and lay people practicing transnational meditation, such as samādhi, vipassanā and mindfulness, in the past two decades. Despite the restriction of accessing Chan halls at monasteries, some Chinese nuns and laywomen have traveled to learn meditation in different parts of China, and international meditation centers in Southeast Asia to study with yogis from all over the world. Surprisingly some returned female travelers have taken significant roles in organizing meditation retreats, and establishing meditation centers and meditation halls. Through examining some ethnographic cases of Chinese nuns and laywomen, this paper argues that the transnational meditation movement has an impact not only on gender equality, especially concerning Chinese women practicing meditation, but also on the development of contemporary Chinese Buddhism. The significant role of Chinese female meditators in promoting Buddhist meditation can reflect a trend of re-positioning the Chan School in contemporary China.

scholarly journals Nutraceuticals’ Novel Formulations: The Good, the Bad, the Unknown and Patents Involved

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada A. Helal ◽  
Heba A. Eassa ◽  
Ahmed M. Amer ◽  
Mohamed A. Eltokhy ◽  
Ivan Edafiogho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Online Retail ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Parts

: Traditional nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals hold pragmatic nature with respect to their definitions, claims, purposes and marketing strategies. Their definitions are not well established worldwide. They also have different regulatory definitions and registration regulatory processes in different parts of the world. Global prevalence of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals is noticeably high with large market share with minimal regulation compared to traditional drugs. The global market is flooded with nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals claiming to be of natural origin and sold with a therapeutic claim by major online retail stores such as Amazon and eBay. Apart from the traditional formulations, many manufacturers and researchers use novel formulation technologies in nutraceutical and cosmeceutical formulations for different reasons and objectives. Manufacturers tend to differentiate their products with novel formulations to increase market appeal and sales. On the other hand, researchers use novel strategies to enhance nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals activity and safety. : The objective of this review is to assess the current patents and research adopting novel formulation strategies in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Patents and research papers investigating nutraceutical and cosmeceutical novel formulations were surveyed for the past 15 years. Various nanosystems and advanced biotechnology systems have been introduced to improve the therapeutic efficacy, safety and market appeal of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals, including liposomes, polymeric micelles, quantum dots, nanoparticles, and dendrimers. This review provides an overview of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals current technologies, highlighting their pros, cons, misconceptions, regulatory definitions and market. This review also aims in separating the science from fiction in the nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals development, research and marketing.

How to Tackle a Nue (aka Anime)

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Shiro Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Content Distribution ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Action Films ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Japanese Animation ◽  
Live Action ◽  
Different Parts

As a research subject, Japanese animation or anime is like a nue, an imaginary Japanese bird that has the head of an ape, the torso of a raccoon, the tail of a snake, and the limbs of a tiger. Depending on the perspective from which you are looking at it, and what you want to see in it, you can academically approach anime from numerous angles. Furthermore, contemporary anime is increasingly and inextricably entangled with other media, such as manga, videogames, novels, and live-action films in terms of content, distribution, and consumption. As such, it is very difficult to single out anime as a research subject. The global popularity of anime in the past twenty years adds a further twist by introducing numerous voices from fans and scholars from different parts of the world as well as Japan.

scholarly journals How to Face the Advent of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in IBD Patients: Another Task for Gastroenterologists

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Alfredo Papa ◽  
Franco Scaldaferri ◽  
Lorenzo Maria Vetrone ◽  
Matteo Neri ◽  
Antonio Gasbarrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts

The severity of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented effort to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection since this seems to be the most effective strategy to counter the pandemic. In the past weeks, the administration of vaccines has started in different parts of the world sustaining the hype of significantly containing the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the rapid time lapse from vaccine development to distribution has raised several concerns on its safety and efficacy. This topic is particularly felt by patients with chronic conditions and immumodulating therapies that could compromise their immune system such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here, we explore the potential future implications of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines introduction in the IBD field, touching upon the clinical experience coming from available data on vaccinations against other infections. We also dissect the factors associated with the acceptability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, describing the possible strategies that gastroenterologist should adopt to reach the highest rate of vaccinations in IBD patients.

scholarly journals Editorial: Behind the Scenes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
PAUL RAE
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
University Rankings ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
The World ◽  
Global University ◽  
Different Parts

One of the pleasures of editing Theatre Research International is the opportunity to engage with scholars from different parts of the world about their research. In the past year or so, I have visited several universities in South East Asia, finding out about the practices and ideas people are investigating, and how they are doing it. In the process, I have been struck by the alacrity with which ambitious universities in the fast-developing economies of the region – and, I suspect, elsewhere in the world – are embracing the metrics and other criteria required for success in global university rankings exercises. The legitimation, prestige and increased attractiveness to talented staff and students that a good showing in such exercises can bring is presumably an important reason why governments and university administrations see participation as an efficient use of limited resources. However, as anyone with direct experience of rankings-motivated institutional change will be aware, the practical results can be highly disruptive, and their cost can fall disproportionately upon arts and humanities researchers, so much of whose activity remains resistant to easy quantification.

scholarly journals A Study on Iot Based Flood Detection Management System

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
C.K. Gomathy ◽  
Priya, G G Lasya ◽  
Hemanth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mobile App ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Time Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Flood Detection ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Different Parts

Over the past few years we can see there is an occurrence of floods at different parts of the world almost every year. The technical advancements in recent years have made it easier to get a solution for these natural disasters. One of such technologies which takes us much closer to the internet is the “Internet of Things”. This paper consists of flood detection and avoidance system using the iot technology. The sensors present in this are used to estimate the water levels, humidity, and temperature and send the real-time data to the cloud and the users can access the data via the mobile app. This model is widely used to alarm the people before a flood occurs and necessary precautions could be taken.

scholarly journals CHANCE DEVELOPMENTS: BINGO REGULATION IN BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (especial) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Kurban Jobim ◽  
Toni Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Income Support ◽  
The Past ◽  
Games Of Chance ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Projects ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Policy Discussion ◽  
Different Parts

Throughout the neoliberalism era states have adopted policies that are often – and aptly — analysed and critiqued by reference to gambling metaphors. But the ways that states have turned to gambling industries to generate income, support community projects and promote economic and social development have received much less attention in critical political economy and policy discussion. This oversight is striking because many non-Islamic states have overturned (or greatly attenuated) historic prohibitions on the provision of games of chance over the past couple of decades, and some have sponsored gambling industries and products to foster community regeneration and sustainable development. Brazil, a country known for strong competitive traditions in sports and gaming, creative approaches to community economic development, and an urgent need to strengthen its public finances, is a notable exception to this liberalisation trend. This stance is interesting because Brazil liberalised its gambling regime in 1993 to allow non-state providers to operate bingo games. Drawing on the case of bingo regulation this paper critically analyses challenges that the Brazilian state encountered when it sought to create an economy of non-state provision of gambling products in aid of social development and the conflicts that have ensued as it has re-imposed repression of bingos. The paper reports on desk research and interviews conducted for the Bingo Project, an ESRC-funded comparative research project that critically examines bingo regulation in different parts of the world.

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