scholarly journals Photodegradation of 2, 4, 5, 6-Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (Chlorothalonil) by Visible and Ultraviolet Light in the Presence of ZnO and TiO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Raad N. Salih ◽  
Salah-Aldin Naman
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Arrhenius Factor

photocatalytic degradation of fungicides (chlorothalonil) in suspension aqueous solution with semiconductors (tio­2, zno) and without semiconductor has been investigated. the influence of different parameters such as light sources, the concentration of fungicides, type of semiconductors and temperature were studied by uv-visible spectrophotometer at 232 and 254 nm. the degradation reaction order spectra of chlorothalonil were determined which first order at 232 nm and second order at 254 nm. in addition, the rate constant, arrhenius factor and energy of activation can be estimated for both peaks. moreover, conductivity of chlorothalonil has been recorded during the photo-degradation and the rate of reaction also has been determined that dependent on product formation.

The mechanism of the oxidation of thiocyanate ion by peroxomonosulphate in aqueous solution. II. Kinetics of the reaction

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Smith ◽  
IR Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
Thiocyanate Ion ◽  
First Order ◽  
Conductance Method ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of

Initial rates of reaction for the above oxidation have been measured by a stopped-flow conductance method. Between pH 2 and 3.6, the initial rate of reaction, R, is given by the expression R{[HSO5-]+[SCN-]} = {kb+kc[H+]}[HSO5-]0[SCN-]20+ka[H+]-1[HSO5]20[SCN-]0 As pH increases, there is a transition to a pH-independent rate, first order in each thiocyanate and peroxomonosulphate concentrations.

Laboratory Simulation Study of Photo-Degradation Process of Fenvalerate in Aqueous Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 886-892
Author(s):  
Yan Ru Liang ◽  
Yu Yun Wen ◽  
Xiao Yan Hong ◽  
Zhen Bin Gong ◽  
Wen Quan Li
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Fluorescent Substance ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Degradation Reaction

A laboratory-made the efficient photochemical degradation experimental device, combined with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem diode array detector device (DAD), fluorescence detector (FLD), mass spectrometer detector (MS), research fenvalerate its photo degradation. The structure of the spectral characteristics is the product, photo degradation reaction kinetics of degradation products, suggesting fenvalerate light chemical degradation process in an aqueous solution. The spectral characteristics of fenvalerate under ultraviolet light can be degraded into smaller organic molecules; maternal and main product have strong UV - visible absorption, fenvalerate are weakly fluorescent substance in the aqueous solution. The major products are strong fluorescent substance. Almost no effect The photo degradation kinetic data show fenvalerate photo degradation in an aqueous solution to approximate a reaction of the reaction; pesticide initial concentration, the pH value of the aqueous solution of pesticides photo degradation reaction rate; To accelerate the increase of salinity, light intensity fenvalerate in aqueous photo degradation reaction rate; significant influence of small organic molecules, with the type of small organic molecules.

Kinetic, Thermodynamic Studies for Photo Degradation of Glibinclamide Drug

2021 ◽  
pp. 4987-4990
Author(s):  
Amel S. Mahdi ◽  
Barakat A. F. Kamel ◽  
Athraa S. Ahmed ◽  
Kafi M. Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Reaction Kinetic ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Thermodynamic Studies ◽  
First Order ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Spontaneous Reaction

In this work the photo degradation of glibinclamide is studied by UV light and different concentrations using solvents (water and ethanol) and different times. The reaction kinetic is studied and found that the photo degradation reaction of glibinclamide is (first-order) reaction and the thermodynamic properties (ΔHo, ΔSo and ΔGo) for glibinclamide were calculated and it was found to be (endothermic and spontaneous reaction).

scholarly journals KINETICS STUDY ON NITRATION OF METHYL RICINOLEATE

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Triyono Triyono ◽  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Winarto Haryadi
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Methyl Ricinoleate ◽  
Kinetics Study ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Kinetics Parameter

Kinetics parameter values of methyl ricinoleate nitration (rate constant, reaction order and the rate of reaction) have been determined. Nitration was carried out with both concentrations of HNO3 and acetic anhydride in excess to the concentration of methyl ricinoleate. Thus, the kinetics parameter value was only affected by the concentration of methyl ricinoleate. Based on kinetic study conducted, it could be concluded that the nitration follows pseudo first-order, and the reaction rate for methyl ricinoleate with initial concentration of 0.375, 0.325 and 0.250 M were 3.736 x 10-5, 2.471 x 10-5, and 1.724 x 10-5 M/s respectively, with the rate constant at 28 °C was 6.667 x 10-4 (s-1). Based on evaluation of FTIR spectra could be estimated that the nitration produces compounds containing functional groups of -NO3 and -NO2.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructure Tio2/Anthraquenone (AQ) Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Fadhela M. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

sol–gel technique conducted to synthesize nano titanium dioxide with anthraquenone (AQ) relatively in acidic pH. Nanoparticles were characterized using techniques like, Scanning Electrion Microscope (SEM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), UV-Visible Spectrioscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), SEM picture display that the TiO2/AQ is spherical in style, the band gap of TiO2/AQ nanoparticle is (3.05eV), BET and BJH analysis provides Pore volume and specific Surface area and the kinetic studie Suggest that the reaction is pseudo first order and the rate of reaction was reduce with rising initial concentration for p-Nitrotolune.

Photo-Degradation of Cypermethrin in Aqueous Solution Studied by HPLC-DAD

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1044-1048
Author(s):  
Yan Ru Liang ◽  
Zhen Bin Gong ◽  
Wen Quan Li
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detector ◽  
Degradation Reaction

The photo-degradation process of cypermethrin in aqueous solution was studied using the laboratory-built photochemical degradation device and commercial high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet-visible absorbance detector and mass spectrometric detector. Spectrometric characteristics of cypermethrin and its main degradation products suggest that cypermethrin could be photo-degradated and converted into smaller molecular under ultraviolet irradiation. The photo-degradation reaction of cypermethrin in aqueous solution is approximately pseudo-first-order reaction. Light strength, pH and salinity have significant effects on the photo-degradaiton reaction of cypermethrin. Mass spectrometric results show that cypermethrin pesticide can be degraded into new and easily photochemical degrading products through the removal of chlorine.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin Using UV/Synthesized NiO from Pharmaceutical Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davoud Balarak ◽  
Ferdos Kord Mostafapour
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Antibiotic Concentration ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactor ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Degradation Reaction ◽  
Nano Nickel

The nano nickel(II) oxide (NiO) was synthesized by sol-gel method and used for degradation of Amoxicillin (AMO) from pharmaceutical wastewater. In this laboratory study, the effects of nanoparticle dose (0.25–2 g/L), reaction time (10–120 min), initial antibiotic concentration (25–200 mg/L) and lamp power (15 W) on AMO removal efficiency were assessed in a batch photocatalytic reactor. Antibiotic concentration in output was measured by the spectrophotometer at the maximum wavelength of 280 nm. The optimum nano NiO dose was obtained to be 0.2 g/L. In this study, the removal efficiency decreased with increasing the concentration of AMO. Under optimal conditions of concentration, the removal efficiency was 96%. It was found that increasing the exposure time to UV increased the rate of AMO degradation in solution. The results also showed that the photo-degradation reaction approximately follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics with constant rates of 0.084, 0.074 and 0.046 min-1 for concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/L, respectively. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that UV/NiO photocatalytic process can efficiently remove AMO from pharmaceutical wastewater.

scholarly journals Gamma Radiolysis Studies of Aqueous Solution of Brilliant Green Dye

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 680-684
Author(s):  
D. V. Parwate ◽  
S. S. Mankar
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Gamma Radiolysis ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Degradation Reaction

The effect of γ–radiation on colour intensity of aqueous solution of Brilliant Green has been investigated at two different concentrations. The degradation of Brilliant Green (BG) has also been investigated in presence of suspended ZnO, by adding different amounts of ZnO. Simultaneously the conductance and pH of each solution system were measured before and after γ-irradiation. All the γ–irradiations were performed at a dose rate of 0.60 kGyhr-1in GC-900. The maximum dose required for the complete degradation of the dye was found to be 0.39 kGy. G(-dye) values were found to decrease with increase in gamma dose and were in the range 4.26 - 12.81. The conductance (7.6 - 25.3 μS) and pH values increased marginally with dose for both the concentrations. The rate of decolouration was found to be high at lower doses and the efficiency of dye removal was higher at low concentration of the dye. This may be attributed to the presence of reaction by-products from the destruction of parent compound build up and compete for reaction intermediate species. The rate of reaction and rate constants were calculated and it was found that the degradation reaction follows first order kinetics. It was found that the decolouration percentage was more in dye systems in absence of ZnO.

Rate of reaction of dithionite ion with oxygen in aqueous solution

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Morello ◽  
Margot R. Craw ◽  
H. P. Constantine ◽  
R. E. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Sodium Dithionite ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Flowing Liquid ◽  
First Order ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Dithionite Ion ◽  
Kinetics Of

The rate of removal of oxygen from aqueous solution by sodium dithionite in 0.1 m sodium hydroxide was studied in a rapid-reaction apparatus using a membrane-covered polarographic cell to determine Po2 in the flowing liquid. The measurements were made at 37 C, so that the data would be applicable in studies of the kinetics of oxyhemoglobin in blood. The initial concentrations in the mixed reacting solution were between 8 x 10-5 m and 47.5 x 10-5 m for dithionite, and either 10 x 10-5 m or 47.8 x 10-5 m for O2. The reaction over the first 40 msec was found to be first order with respect to dithionite and zero order with respect to molecular oxygen. The initial rate constant was 42.5 ± sd 3.6 sec-1. oxygen reduction by dithionite; hemoglobin; deoxygenation rate; dithionite-oxygen reaction rate Submitted on June 17, 1963

Kinetics and Mechanism of the Homogeneous Oxidation of Quinaldine Red by Hydrogen Peroxide

2001 ◽  
Vol 215 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Salem ◽  
M. El-Maazawi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Cationic Dye ◽  
First Order ◽  
Homogeneous Oxidation ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quinaldine Red

The kinetics of the oxidation of quinaldine red, a cationic dye, using hydrogen peroxide has been studied in aqueous solution. The rate of reaction was found to be first order in [quinaldine red] whereas in hydrogen peroxide it varies from one to zero with increasing [H

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document