scholarly journals Symbols of power in Russian linguistic culture (on the example of a scepter borrowed concept)

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Е.Е. ДЕМИДОВА
Keyword(s):  
Russian Linguistic

Аннотация. Концепты социальной и политической сферы постепенно становятся объектом исследования когнитологов и лингвокультурологов. Эта сфера насыщена заимствованными концептами, которые требуют особого внимания вследствие специфики развития своей структуры. Цель статьи – описать базовые признаки структуры заимствованного концепта скипетр. Для этого необходимо решить следующие задачи: 1) определить список мотивирующих признаков концепта скипетр; 2) выявить понятийные признаки концепта скипетр; 3) описать лингвокультурологические особенности когнитивных признаков заимствованного концепта скипетр. Актуальность проведенного исследования заключается в осмыслении роли заимствованных концептов, вошедших в русскую лингвокультуру на разных этапах развития языка. В статье анализируются три этимологических, одиннадцать толковых словарей и один энциклопедический словарь русского языка для решения поставленных задач. Развитие структуры концепта скипетр происходит путём расширения от десяти мотивирующих (‘венец’, ‘владение’, ‘достоинство’, ‘жезл’, ‘знак’, ‘опираюсь’, ‘палка’, ‘посох’, ‘царского’, ‘царство’) до 17 понятийных. Исследование языкового материала позволило определить еще 10 понятийных признаков, «пропущенных» в словарях. Понятийные признаки концепта скипетр из толковых словарей, дополненные данными языкового материала, объединяются в виде восьми блоков: 1. Признак власти (‘атрибут’, ‘(почетный) знак / инсигния’, ‘сила / могущество’, ‘символ (власти)’, ‘регалия’; ‘эмблема’); 2. Место в социальной иерархии (‘владетельный / царский / княжеский сан’, ‘(верховная) власть’, ‘достоинство’, ‘монархическая’); 3. Властитель (‘державный властитель’; ‘монарх (царь / король / государь / император / президент)’); 4. Украшенный предмет (‘жезл’, ‘из драгоценного металла’, ‘с драгоценными камнями’, ‘с резьбой’, ‘украшенный’; ‘из кристалла / хрусталя / аквамарина’); 5. Имущество (‘принадлежность’; ‘наследие’, ‘сокровище / реликвия / святыня’). 6. Опора / оружие (‘посох / палка / оружие’, ‘дубинка’, ‘из камня’, ‘из металла’); 7. Тяжесть (‘бремя / ноша’); 8. Растение (‘растение (лат. Verbáscum densiflórum / Verbascum Thiapsus)’. Специфика эволюции концепта скипетр состоит в том, что из десяти мотивирующих развиваются 27 понятийных признаков, которые вбирают в себя и категориальные (‘бремя / ноша’, ‘принадлежность’; ‘наследие’, ‘сокровище / реликвия / святыня’), и символические признаки (‘символ (власти)’, ‘регалия’; ‘эмблема’).

Diligent Notes on Laziness: Oblomov, Lenin and the Capitalization of Laziness

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Way

The essay investigates the phenomenon of laziness by first analyzing the opposition between laziness and the good. Both utility and the good make reference to labor. This opposition between labor and laziness is pivotal in Oblomov, Ivan Goncharov’s famous novel written in 1859. It marks a radical transition from a feudal paradigm to a capitalistic one. The two main characters in the novel are Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a Russian, and Andrey Ivanovich Stolz, a German, who together seem to personify the contradiction between laziness and labor. But the purpose of the essay is to deconstruct that opposition. In this connection, one can cite Kazimir Malevich, who maintained that laziness is the Mother of Perfection and is always unconsciously inherent in the conscious intent to work. Analysis of the Latin concepts of otium and negotium indicates that the laziness/labor opposition may be deconstructed as a dialectic between labor and its opposite. In other words, laziness does not stand in contradiction to labor but is instead its inseparable dialectical other. In the last part of the essay, the article considers the thinking of Anatoly Peregud, a poet who spent almost all his life in a psychiatric hospital. According to Peregud, Lenin derived his pseudonym from the Russian linguistic root “len” (laziness) in order to make laziness central to communism. For his part, Lenin saw Oblomov as an emblem of the main obstacle standing in the way of communism.

LINGUOCULTURAL POTENTIAL OF EUPHEMISMS-AMULETS

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
SERGEY I. ROMANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Target Selection ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
Magical Power ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
Selection Of

The article deals with a special type of euphemisms-amulets, that is, linguocultural units endowed with the function of protection. There are two types of euphemisms-amulets from the point of view of relevance: obsolete and current units. Obsolete euphemisms- amulets have targets that are not recognized as dangerous by the modern linguistic and cultural community. Current euphemisms-amulets, although not always consciously, are used by representatives of the modern Russian linguistic and cultural community to protect against something bad. The paper establishes that the use of the euphemism-amulet is based on the transla- tion of the target's representation into another cultural code. The work reveals that the euphemisms-amulets are directed not to mitigate an unwanted nomination but how to replace it. An undesirable nomination is endowed with negative magical properties, which is why the linguocultural community imposes a ban on its use. A protective cultural function is superim- posed on the euphemism. The main pragmatic explanation for the use of the euphemism- amulet is the speaker's desire not to predict an encounter with an unwanted object, which is based on belief in the magical power of the word. The factors that determine the linguocultural specificity of euphemisms-amulets are revealed. The first factor is target selection. For the Russian linguocultural community, such targets include a totemic animal, evil forces representing another world, death. The second factor is the selection of nominations for the euphemistic function, which is determined by culturally marked background knowledge, ideas, and typical practices. The communicative- pragmatic platform for the use of euphemisms-amulets is the belief in the magical power of the word, in the fact that the use of the forbidden word can lead to negative consequences (in particular, to cause the appearance of something dangerous, undesirable). The work proves that the identified cultural factors are universal, based on universal archetypes: one's own / another's, permission / prohibition, life / death. At the same time, the fact of the appearance of the euphemism-amulet, the choice of its internal form is determined by national and cultural factors.

scholarly journals Child as an object of affectionate attitude in the russian linguistic view of the world

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Sara Alfalki
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Love Relationship ◽  
Lexical Field ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Russian Language

This article presents the composition and structure of the associative-semantic field Child and the structure of the image (concept) of the same name in the Russian linguistic view of the world. According to the results of the conducted research and other scientific works related to the study of this object we describe the basic lexical-semantic groupings within ASP, which are called the most important meanings that characterize child with age, size, gender, physical, physiological, psychological, cognitive, behavioral and active characteristics in terms of education, in his social relations. These meanings determine the structure not only of this lexical field, but also the structure of the mental formation of the same name. First proposed and justified the selection as a separate aspect of the structure of ASP and the structure of the concept of the dimension of the attribute child emotional object (sweet, tender, love) relationship. The emphasis on this aspect is justified by the fact that the system of the Russian language has a significant number of units of lexical, morphemic, word-formation levels that regularly convey this meaning. Along with the use of these means in the direct meaning for the characteristics of the child, they are used as genre-forming means in various speech situations, including metaphorically, in order actualizing the affectionate attitude towards adult speech participants. For the article, we also wrote about (diminutives) containing suffixes of subjective evaluation, as defined by many authors, its role in our work and how to make nouns with diminutive or affectionate suffixes that indicate a small size, a small age of the child and at the same time an affectionate, loving attitude.

scholarly journals LET’S JOIN OUR HANDS, MY DEAR FRIENDS: BULAT OKUDZHAVA IN THE INTERTEXTUAL THESAURUS OF THE YOUNG

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Валентина Даниловна Черняк ◽  
Мария Александровна Черняк
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Single Culture ◽  
The Common ◽  
Fathers And Sons ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
National Corpus

Введение. Рассматривается проблема культурного диалога представителей разных поколений. Прецедентные тексты, связанные с совокупностью знаний и представлений людей, принадлежащих к одной культуре, анализируются в связи со структурой языковой личности. Прецедентные феномены различных типов являются важной составляющей интертекстуального тезауруса. В процессе коммуникации немалую роль играют культурные аллюзии коммуникантов, их оперирование культурным багажом, в частности составляющими интертекстуального тезауруса. Цель – анализ той части тезауруса русской языковой личности, которая связана с крылатыми словами одного из значительных авторов XX века – Булата Окуджавы. Материал и методы. Постоянно воспроизводимые песни Булата Окуджавы формировали культурный код поколения 70–80-х гг. Многие фразы из его песен приобрели статус фольклорных, о чем свидетельствуют материалы словарей и Национального корпуса русского языка. Для исследования динамических процессов, характеризующих различия в культурной памяти поколений отцов и детей, был произведен эксперимент, в ходе которого были отобраны 10 популярных высказываний из поэзии Б. Окуджавы. Они легли в основу опроса, в котором участвовало около 1 000 человек. Респонденты должны были определить авторство высказываний и продолжить некоторые из них. Результаты и обсуждение. Анализ результатов опроса показал, что даже самые распространенные высказывания из песен Б. Окуджавы в большинстве случаев не соотносятся в сознании респондентов с именем автора. Приписывание авторства самым неожиданным именам свидетельствует о глубоких лакунах в культурной памяти молодых людей, в то же время строки Б. Окуджавы присутствуют в интертекстуальном тезаурусе языковой личности, что во многом связано с взаимодействием вербальной и аудиовизуальной информации. Заключение. Результаты анализа лексикографических источников и корпусные данные свидетельствуют о прецедентности многих поэтических строк Б. Окуджавы, в то же время анализ данных массового опроса отражает существенные изменения в интертекстуальном тезаурусе молодежи. Introduction. The article deals with the issue of the cultural communication between representatives of different generations. The precedent texts associated with the common knowledge of people belonging to a single culture are studied in line with the structure of a linguistic personality. Precedent phenomena of various types are an important part of an intertextual thesaurus. In the process of communication, the cultural allusions of communicants play a great role, as well as the application of their cultural backgrounds that include components of the intertextual thesaurus. Aim and objectives. The purpose of the article is to analyze the area of the Russian linguistic personality thesaurus that contains the catchphrases by Bulat Okudzhava – a prominent 20th century Russian author. Material and methods. Being constantly played out in the 1970–1980s, Bulat Okudzhava’s songs were shaping the cultural values of the generation. Many phrases from the songs got a folklore status, which is witnessed both by the dictionaries and by the Russian National Corpus. In order to study the dynamics characterizing the differences in the cultural memory of generations of fathers and sons an experiment has been carried out based on the 10 popular catchphrases from Okudzhava’s verse. These phrases underlie the survey covering an audience of approximately 1,000 people. Those surveyed had to determine the authorship of the phrases and to continue some of them. Results and discussion. The analysis showed that in most cases there are no links in the mind of respondents between the name of Bulat Okudzhava and even the most widespread phrases from his songs. The authorship was often attributed to fully unexpected names, which shows serious gaps in the cultural memory of the young. However, it was proven that Okudzhava’s catchphrases definitely exist in the intertextual thesaurus of the linguistic personality, which is surely determined by the interaction of verbal and multimedia information. Conclusion. The analysis of the dictionary entries and the corpus data proves the precedent status of many of the Okudzhava’s phrases. Nevertheless, the results of the mass survey reflect a significant change in the intertextual thesaurus of the young.

Translating the translingual text

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Source Language ◽  
American Writer ◽  
Russian Linguistic

This article examines strategies applied in selected passages of Elena Petrova’s Russian translation of Olga Grushin’s anglophone novel The Dream Life of Sukhanov (2005). The novel is set in Moscow during the late Soviet period and depicts a crisis precipitated by the changes brought by glasnost in the life of a loyal apparatchik. Although the Russian-American writer Grushin composed the novel in her adopted language of English, it reflects a Russian cultural subtext and contains numerous Russian linguistic elements and cultural allusions. It is therefore interesting to analyze how these elements are rendered in the Russian translation, entitled Zhizn’ Sukhanova v snovideniiakh (2011). The analysis is followed by a consideration of challenges posed by translingual texts to theoretical understandings of translation. It argues that established concepts within translation studies, such as domestication, foreignization, source language and target language, are not well-suited to cases of literary translingualism.

ADVERTISING TEXTS AS A LINGUISTIC EXPERTISE OBJECT

Neophilology ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Marina Victorovna TERSKIKH ◽  
Ekaterina Olegovna BYKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Internet Advertising ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Advertising Company ◽  
Advertising Communication ◽  
Russian Linguistic

We show linguistic expertise of controversial advertising texts as current but not enough developed direction in the Russian linguistic expertology. Linguistic violations classification in the sphere of regional advertising practice, linguistic expertise modern methods and problem aspects of this activity are shown. The issue of making stylistic norms easier and its liberation in advertising communication, linguistic game as a source of provocative advertisement is in the centre of attention. According to the experience of regional practice of linguistic expertise of controversial advertising texts we find ways of indecent overtone formation. Moreover there are advertising messages basing on linguistic discrimination of users who do not use the product. It is also noticed that one of the modern channels broadcasting discredit information are social networks, which became promotion platform for unreliable information, that discredit business reputation of the company or its product; as an example we use “fake” advertising company of 2018 in social network Vkontakte. Materials for the research are mostly regional (Omsk) outdoor and Internet advertising projects (50 texts are analyzed). As basic we use analysis methods such as contextual, semantic, semantic and stylistic, communicative and pragmatic.

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