The role of motivation in improving performance from an Islamic perspective: دور التحفيز في تحسين الأداء من منظور إسلامي

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 24-1
Author(s):  
Saeed Jaffar Alkazim, Mohamed Battour Saeed Jaffar Alkazim, Mohamed Battour
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Development Tool ◽  
History Of ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
Shed Light

We concluded from this study that motivation is an important and essential part of the organizational process of the institution and that its importance lies in representing a strategy to achieve the goals of the individual and the organization together, as incentives are a development tool for the individual working in the organization. It also became necessary as it has a reflection on the quality of work and thus the abundance of production, so incentives pushed employees and workers to high levels of performance in the areas in which the stimulation methods were developed, whether material or intangible, while the pace remained terribly slow, as is the case in regions. A vast expanse of the Arab world where the wheel of production remained souls, Therefore, this study examines whether the Islamic approach to motivating workers and employees is able to be one of the most important approaches to motivating workers, and this is what the study sought, which shed light on that Islamic Sharia, as it came with tolerant teachings through which it was possible to create motives and motivate workers to work and produce other than These methods can be accessed by searching for them in the legislative texts and their interpretations, such as the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and after studying the biography of the Prophet (may God be pleased with them) and the history of Islam. Hence, it is possible to identify the problem that the study adopted, which is the absence of a basic reference to determine the motivation, especially in the crowd of many references that are subject to political, social or economic considerations and may be inherited sometimes. It is the one who determines the methods and methods of stimulation. The criterion by which methods and tools of motivation are measured on the basis that the reference that is valid across times and places on the basis of taking into account the development of tools and the change of shapes and models, the study has reached results to this goal, and that it can be learned from the teachings of Sharia administrative materials in Field of stimulation.

scholarly journals Aquela que diz não à sombra: biografia e obra da escritora martinicana Françoise Ega / The One Who Denies Her Shadow: Life and Work of the Martinican Writer Françoise Ega

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Samanta Vitória Siqueira ◽  
Karina De Castilhos Lucena
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Women Intellectuals ◽  
Literature And Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women Of African Descent ◽  
The One ◽  
Shed Light

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta a biografia e as obras da escritora, empregada doméstica e militante social martinicana Françoise Ega (1920-1976) buscando dar visibilidade para sua trajetória de vida e para suas publicações ainda pouco conhecidas nos círculos acadêmicos e literários brasileiros. Primeiramente, apresentamos a biografia da autora com foco em seus deslocamentos e atuação política. Depois, comentamos brevemente suas obras Le temps de madras (1966), Lettres à une noire (1978) e L’Alizé ne soufflait plus (2000), relacionando-as com a vida da autora e com a sociedade martinicana. Por fim, sob uma perspectiva que não dissocia literatura e sociedade e que considera a história específica de socialização de mulheres diaspóricas afrodescendentes, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre o lugar de intelectuais negras na história da literatura latino-americana.Palavras-chave: Françoise Ega; escritoras diaspóricas; literatura antilhana.Abstract: This paper presents the biography and works of Martinican writer, laborer and social activist Françoise Ega (1920-1976), seeking to shed light on her life story and her lesser known publications among Brazilian academic and literary circles. Firstly, we present the writer’s biography, focusing on her relocations and political engagement. Secondly, we introduce Ega’s works Le temps de madras (1966), Lettres à une noire (1978) and L’Alizé ne soufflait plus (2000), and their relationship with both her life and the Martinican society. Ultimately, from a perspective which compromises literature and society, acknowledging the specific socialization history of diasporic women of African descent, we propose a reflection on the role of black women intellectuals in the history of Latin American literature.Keywords: Françoise Ega; diasporic writers; Antillean literature.

UNSTABLE ANGINA : DEFINITION

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Julian
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

A satisfactory definition of unstable angina continues to be elusive.Like stable angina, it is a clinicalsyndrome, and mustbe defined in those terms. In both cases, it is understood that myocardial ischaemiabut not infarction is responsible for the symptoms. For angina to earn the “unstable” label, theremust have been the recent development or deterioration of symptoms. Traditionally, “recent” has meant within the last month, but it has become increasingly clear thatthe time frame is of critical importance - the patient with a sudden irruption of severe chest pain in the last two days is likely to have a different pathology and prognosis from the individual who first developed exercise-induced pain two weeks ago, which has not worsened during this period. Likewise, the patient who hadhis last attack of pain one week agois very different from one who had his last attack one hour ago; indeed in the HINT study, there was a high incidence of myocardial infarction undetected on admission in the lattergroup (Br Heart J 1986;56:400-13).A problem that has hardly been addressed is “When does unstable angina stop being unstable?”. The answer must be when it either becomes stable (i.e. stops getting worse),or proceeds to myocardial infarctionor death.Most studies have shown that the vast majority of patients stablise quickly, often losing their symptoms completely. There is, however, a group of patients who fail to respond promptly to medical treatment, and it isthese patients who are most likely to go on to angiography, angioscopy, angioplasty, surgery, myocardial infarction or death. Thus, the enormously valuable information we have obtained from, for example, angiography and necropsy studies applies essentially only to this subset of unstableangina patients, albeit they are themost severe. Unfortunately, such studies tell us relatively little aboutthe more dynamic aspects of the disorder, such as the role of coronary vasomotion.It is only relatively recently that clinicians have appreciated that they have quite simple means of suspecting the mechanisms involved. Thus, the history of progressive exercise-induced angina on the one hand or angina only at rest on theother must tell us something of the underlying physiopathology. Likewise,the fact that the symptoms respond to rest, or beta-blockers, or calcium antagonists also provides evidenceas to causation.Thus, while all would agree that angina is “unstable” whenit has recently developed or worsened, it must bediscussed in subsetsdefined by their history and response to treatment.In this way, we may be able to assign a patient to a particular clinicalgroup, which will indicate that it is likely that he has a particular physiopathology, which inturn will suggest the most appropriate management.

Queering Gender Identity Work: A Life History of a Black Transgender Woman

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esethu Monakali
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This article offers an analysis of the identity work of a black transgender woman through life history research. Identity work pertains to the ongoing effort of authoring oneself and positions the individual as the agent; not a passive recipient of identity scripts. The findings draw from three life history interviews. Using thematic analysis, the following themes emerge: institutionalisation of gender norms; gender and sexuality unintelligibility; transitioning and passing; and lastly, gender expression and public spaces. The discussion follows from a poststructuralist conception of identity, which frames identity as fluid and as being continually established. The study contends that identity work is a complex and fragmented process, which is shaped by other social identities. To that end, the study also acknowledges the role of collective agency in shaping gender identity.

NURTURING OF CHILDREN THROUGH DRAMA AND THEATRE: THE CASE OF INTWASA KOBULAWAYO PERFORMANCES

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
Vimbai Moreblessing Matiza
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Dramatic and theatrical performances have a long history of being used as tools to enhance development in children and youth. In pre-colonial times there were some forms of drama and theatre used by different communities in the socialisation of children. It is in the same vein that this article, through the Intwasa koBulawayo performances, seeks to evaluate how drama and theatre are used to nurture children and youth into different developmental facets of their lives. The only difference which this article will take into cognisance is that the performances are done in a different environment, which is not the one used in the pre-colonial times. Although these performances were like this, the most important factor is the idea that children and youth are socialised through these performances. It is also against this backdrop that children and youth are growing up in a globalised environment, hence the performances should accommodate people from all walks of life and teach them relevant issues pertaining to life as they live it now. Thus the main task of the article is to spell out the role of drama and theatre in the nurturing of children and youth through socio economic and political development in Intwasa koBulawayo festivals.

The Baluch, Sunnism and the State in Iran

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane A. Dudoignon
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Oasis Area ◽  
Shed Light

Since 2002, Sunni jihadi groups have been active in Iranian Baluchistan without managing to plunge the region into chaos. This book suggests that a reason for this, besides Tehran’s military responses, has been the quality of Khomeini and Khamenei’s relationship with a network of South-Asia-educated Sunni ulama (mawlawis) originating from the Sarbaz oasis area, in the south of Baluchistan. Educated in the religiously reformist, socially conservative South Asian Deoband School, which puts the madrasa at the centre of social life, the Sarbazi ulama had taken advantage, in Iranian territory, of the eclipse of Baluch tribal might under the Pahlavi monarchy (1925-79). They emerged then as a bulwark against Soviet influence and progressive ideologies, before rallying to Khomeini in 1979. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, they have been playing the role of a rampart against Salafi propaganda and Saudi intrigues. The book shows that, through their alliance with an Iranian Kurdish-born Muslim-Brother movement and through the promotion of a distinct ‘Sunni vote’, they have since the early 2000s contributed towards – and benefitted from – the defence by the Reformist presidents Khatami (1997-2005) and Ruhani (since 2013) of local democracy and of the minorities’ rights. They endeavoured to help, at the same time, preventing the propagation of jihadism and Sunni radicalisation to Iran – at least until the ISIS/Daesh-claimed attacks of June 2017, in Tehran, shed light on the limits of the Islamic Republic’s strategy of reliance on Deobandi ulama and Muslim-Brother preachers in the country’s Sunni-peopled peripheries.

scholarly journals Burnout in Professional Caregivers and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Center Residents

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Juan P. Martínez ◽  
Inmaculada Méndez ◽  
Esther Secanilla ◽  
Ana Benavente ◽  
Julia García Sevilla
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
The Other ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Professional Caregiver ◽  
The One ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Professional Accomplishment

Starting from previous studies in professional caregivers of people with dementia and other diseases in institutionalized centers of different regions, the aim of this study was to compare burnout levels that workers present depending on the center, to create a caregiver profile with high professional accomplishment and to describe the quality of life that residents perceive Murcia and Barcelona. The instruments used were the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Professional Caregiver Survey developed ad hoc and the Brief Questionnaire of Quality of Life (CUBRECAVI in Spanish) on residents. The results show, on the one hand, that levels of professional accomplishment may be paradoxically higher in the case of catastrophe and, on the other hand, the 98.2% of users are satisfied with the residence in which is located and 81.8% with the manner in which occupy the time. The conclusions that are extrapolated from the study shed light on the current situation of workers and residents and the influence that an earthquake can have on them.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Parent–Adolescent Attachment Relationship Quality: A Longitudinal Study

Adolescents ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
Danyka Therriault ◽  
Jean-Pascal Lemelin ◽  
Jean Toupin ◽  
Michèle Déry
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Attachment Relationship ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Attachment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

Background: Attachment to parents during adolescence has been identified as an important indicator of psychosocial adaptation. However, the relative importance of the adolescents’ behavior problems and the larger relational context likely to influence the quality of these relationships remains relatively underexplored. The present study aims to identify the factors associated with the quality of parent–adolescent attachment relationships and to establish their relative contributions. This study also tested, as a complementary objective, the invariance of the models according to sex. Method: 706 (46.9% girls) early adolescents participated in the study at time 1 and then again, two years later. The individual (e.g., behavior problems or temperament) and contextual (e.g., parents’ behaviors, history of abuse or environment stability) associated factors were measured at time 1, while the quality of the parent–adolescent attachment relationship was measured at time 2. Results: The results showed that a history of emotional abuse, inconsistent discipline, externalized behavior problems and the adolescent’s age were negatively associated with the global attachment security score, while internalized behavior problems and peer attachment were positively associated. These variables explained 15.7% of variance. The results also demonstrated that these variables were also associated with the specific dimensions of attachment (trust, communication, alienation). Discussion: The study demonstrates the importance of several relational variables in the development of the parent–adolescent attachment relationship.

Emerson's Atom and the Matter of Suffering

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-47
Author(s):  
Mark Noble
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Classical Field Theory ◽  
Classical Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Solid Bodies ◽  
Lines Of Force

This essay argues that Ralph Waldo Emerson's interest in the cutting-edge science of his generation helps to shape his understanding of persons as fluid expressions of power rather than solid bodies. In his 1872 "Natural History of Intellect," Emerson correlates the constitution of the individual mind with the tenets of Michael Faraday's classical field theory. For Faraday, experimenting with electromagnetism reveals that the atom is a node or point on a network, and that all matter is really the arrangement of energetic lines of force. This atomic model offers Emerson a technology for envisioning a materialized subjectivity that both unravels personal identity and grants access to impersonal power. On the one hand, adopting Faraday's field theory resonates with many of the affirmative philosophical and ethical claims central to Emerson's early essays. On the other hand, however, distributing the properties of Faraday's atoms onto the properties of the person also entails moments in which materialized subjects encounter their own partiality, limitation, and suffering. I suggest that Emerson represents these aspects of experience in terms that are deliberately discrepant from his conception of universal power. He presumes that if every experience boils down to the same lines of force, then the particular can be trivialized with respect to the general. As a consequence, Emerson must insulate his philosophical assertions from contamination by our most poignant experiences of limitation. The essay concludes by distinguishing Emersonian "Necessity" from Friedrich Nietzsche's similar conception of amor fati, which routes the affirmation of fate directly through suffering.

scholarly journals Authorial Self and Modernity as Reflected in Diaries and Memoirs. Three 19th-Century Hungarian Case Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Béla Mester
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Public Intellectual ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

Abstract The role of the diaries and memoirs in the process of the conscious self-reflection and their contribution to the emergence of modern individual personalities are well-known facts of the intellectual history. The present paper intends to analyze a special form of the creation of modern individual character; it is the self-creation of the writer as a conscious personality, often with a clearly formulated opinion about her/his own social role. There will be offered several examples from the 19th-century history of the Hungarian intelligentsia. This period is more or less identical with the modernization of the “cultural industry” in Hungary, dominated by the periodicals with their deadlines, fixed lengths of the articles, and professional editing houses on the one hand and the cultural nation building on the other. Concerning the possible social and cultural role of the intelligentsia, it is the moment of the birth of a new type, so-called public intellectual. I will focus on three written sources, a diary of a Calvinist student of theology, Péter (Litkei) Tóth, the memoirs of an influential public intellectual, Gusztáv Szontagh, and a belletristic printed diary of a young intellectual, János Asbóth.

scholarly journals The Role of Faith Systems and Religions in the Future of Sustainable Development: An Islamic Outlook

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Mamdouh M. A. Sobaihi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Religious Networks ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

Reference material concerning sustainable development has increased dramatically over the last decades, with more and more countries, agencies and businesses following the sustainable development ideals and principles. However, one of the most basic of human institutions has not contributed, and perhaps not allowed to contribute, to the debate. Religion and faith systems have a great potential in influencing not only the definitions of sustainable development but also concepts of human sustainable practices to achieve sustainable development goals. The main obstacle to the fulfillment of this potential appears to be the lack of outreach and acceptance of the scientific community to the religious and faith system institutions and individuals. In this paper, a review of the literature is carried out to shed light on the root of this schism between science and belief systems. In addition, the paper will highlight how the majority of the literature deals with process rather than the individual human being and how to make him/her a better practitioner of sustainability. It is also aimed that the paper shed some light on how religious and faith system ideals can be incorporated into sustainable development plans and systems. The main focus of the paper is to cast light on the religion of Islam and some of the Islamic teachings and Ideals and how they can be incorporated in delivering the message of sustainable development since the religion of Islam is forecast to be the largest faith on the planet in the not too distant future. In conclusion, a discussion on how the various religious networks can deliver the message of sustainability will be discussed.

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