scholarly journals Business Digitalization in Albania: Where do SMEs Stand?

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erjon Curraj
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Domestic Level

The ICTs sector in Albania has marked some considerable progress with the market liberalization, the expansion of the Internet use, the improvements in e-government services and in the policy framework (EC, Progress Report 2012; NSDI, Draft, 2014-2020). The ICTs companies operate mainly at the domestic level, but there are growing efforts to gain better recognition at the regional and international level. The ICTs companies operating in Tirana are mainly registered as SMEs and work in the local market. This paper explores the level of smart business in the ICTs sector in Albania by looking in particular at the current level, future trends and underpinning reasons for the smart business development. The paper provides a framework analysis for smart business as outlined in the survey of literature and explores its contextualization in the ICT sector in Albania by looking at the readiness of the sector to develop smart business. The paper adopts a quantitative methodology and uses both primary and secondary data. The primary data are collected through online structured survey of the ICTs sector in Albania and the secondary data include reports, articles and studies on the ICTs market in Albania.

Development of Leather Cutting Board from Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitsum Etefa Ahmed ◽  
Rotick K. Gideon
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
The Cost

Cutting is the process in which goods or garment material are cut and converted into pattern shapes of the goods or garment components. There are two methods of Leather cutting, which are hand cutting and machine cutting. Hand cutting is done with the use of hand knife, cutting board and cutting patterns. Machine cutting can be done using semi-automatic cutting machines or fully-automatic cutting machines. Currently, in Ethiopia, different local and foreign investors are participating in leather products manufacturing. Most of the leather product manufacturing industry and some Small and Medium enterprise’s (SME’s) in the country are using leather cutting machines in order to cut leather goods or garment parts. Most of the industry and SMEs are using imported cutting board made of plastics and rubbers. However, these cutting boards are expensive.   This research aimed at developing a cutting board made from HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) plastic waste as main material, calcium carbonate as a filler and glass fiber as a reinforcing material. Primary and secondary data gathering techniques were applied simultaneously. Primary data were collected through interview and field observation. Secondary data was gathered by reviewing different literature. The cutting board developed through collecting HDPE plastic waste, washing, shredding and melting the shredded plastic with filler and reinforcing material. The melted plastic poured in to cutting board mold and cooled. The developed cutting board was compared with HDPE cutting board available in the local market. The developed board showed relative compression and hardness properties with the HDPE cutting board available in the market. In the cost analysis, the developed cutting board is cheaper than the cutting board which available in the market. However, the cutting board in the market has better surface texture and quality than the developed cutting board. Melting HDPE plastic waste using metal or clay cooking pots and charcoal fire is a tedious task and smoke from the fire will cause human health problem and will affect environment. Consequently, manual plastic melting method is not feasible for mass production, because it is difficult to control the amount of heat (charcoal fire) during melting process. Based on this the authors recommend using machine based plastic melting and molding during HDPE and related plastic recycling.

Sustainable Consumption and Production: An Analysis of Implementation of Pakistan’s Policy Framework of SDG-12

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Noor Fatima ◽  
Imran Ashraf ◽  
Sania Zehraa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Consumption And Production

The sustainable consumption and production is crucially relevant for Pakistan, given the massive degradation and depletion of natural resources due to the population explosion – and agricultural and industrial development pursued without regard for environmental sustainability. Freshwater availability has declined and quality of drinking water has deteriorated, leading to increase in water-borne diseases. The decaying water infrastructure results in a 40pc water loss in conveyance from dams to farms, for agricultural development. Industrial, agricultural, and household chemicals are freely imported and used without any regulatory system. Massive depletion of natural resources has meant the cutting of trees, resulting in increased timber imports. Pakistan National Action Plan (PNAP) was developed in May 2017 to achieve the sustainable goal particularly goal 12, which is about Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP). This paper focuses on the ingenious activity and strategy devised in the PNAP for the preparedness, implementation and monitoring of the SDG-12, as National Developmental Agenda of Pakistan. Utilizing library research methods, the major material used for this research is qualitatively collected by analyzing the contents of documents. For primary data, government documents have been consulted. Whereas the secondary data has been collected from books and articles available on the theme.

scholarly journals Home (not so) sweet home

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Rialp-Criado ◽  
Seyed Meysam Zolfaghari Ejlal Manesh ◽  
Øystein Moen
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to elaborate on the crucial effects that a seemingly detrimental policy change in Spain has had on the international entrepreneurial activities of domestic renewable energy (RE) firms. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected from nine RE companies in Spain and then triangulated with secondary data and interviews from informants in other local institutions. Findings Domestic RE firms, due to an institutional scape driver action, reacted to an increasingly uncertain and generally more adverse renewable energy policy framework in this country by preferring to internationalise towards foreign markets that had lower political uncertainty than the domestic one. Research limitations/implications This paper complements previous research primarily on firm-specific factors that enhance internationalising firms’ survival and growth through a focus on the impact of a changing institutional-political environment at the home country-level. Practical implications Practitioners in the RE sector should analyse the risk of focusing only on the home market, as it can be too dependent on uncontrolled variations in domestic energy policy. Social implications The findings indicate that a more stable and supportive, long-term perspective in the domestic RE policy is essential for the sustained growth and development of this emerging industry. Originality/value To analyse the strategy by which a number of purposefully selected companies were able to use international expansion as a survival-seeking strategy against a drastic policy-level change in the domestic RE market.

scholarly journals PROFIL BUDIDAYA SERTA KELEMBAGAAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI UDANG VANAME DI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI, JAWA TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Lathifatul Rosyidah ◽  
Risna Yusuf ◽  
Rismutia Hayu Deswati
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Processing Plant

Kabupaten Banyuwangi merupakan salah satu sentra penghasil udang vaname terbesar di Indonesia. Udang ini merupakan komoditas ekspor ke berbagai negara yaitu Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, Jepang, dan beberapa negara di kawasan Asia. Peluang pemanfaatan udang vaname di Kabupaten Banyuwangi masih perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius dari stakeholder terkait untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan daya saing udang vaname di kancah nasional. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengggambarkan profil budidaya udang vaname serta rangkaian sistem distribusi udang vaname dari hulu sampai hilir.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survey pada lima kecamatan sentra budidaya udang vaname di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Survei dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan kuesioner terstruktur yang telah disusun. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menggambarkan temuan-temuan selama di lapang. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu 1) petambak udang vaname di Kabupaten Banyuwangi memiliki kapasitas usaha dan kondisi budidaya yang berbeda-beda tergantung pada luasan lahan yang dimiliki, jumlah lahan, waktu pemeliharaan, jumlah siklus pertahun, bahkan jumlah benur yang digunakan pada setiap siklus tebar, 2) pemasaran udang vaname di Kabupaten Banyuwangi melalui dua sistem yaitu dari pembudidaya langsung dijual ke supllier untuk dijual ke cold storage di Banyuwangi dan Surabaya, dan yang kedua dari pembudidaya dijual ke pedagang pengepul, selanjutnya dari pedagang pengepul dijual ke pasar lokal di wilayah Banywuangi Bali dan Situbondo. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini yaitu perlunya dukungan akses informasi dan perbaikan sarana dan prasarana dari pemerintah sehingga arus distribusi udang vaname dapat berjalan lancar, efektif, dan efisien.Title: Distribution System of Vannamei Shrimp in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province he distribution system influences the availability of vannamei shrimp in local market of Banyuwangi Regency. However, there is less information on shrimp stock availability. This study aimed to describe the profile of vannamei shrimp farming and to analyze its distribution system in Banyuwangi Regency. The study used qualitative approach with a survey method in Banyuwangi Regency during April 2019. The primary data were collected through interview and discussion with 40 respondents oftraditional shrimp farmers, semi-intensive and intensive farming methods, collectors, suppliers, fish processing plant, logistic services, government officers, and Indonesian Shrimp Club associations(SCI). Secondary data were collected through literature studies. Data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative to illustrate research findings. The findings showed that; 1) vannamei shrimp farmers in Banyuwangi Regency differ in business capacity and farming condition depending on the farm size, 2) vannamei shrimp in Banyuwangi were marketed in two systems; first, direct selling from the farmers to suppliers for cold storage in Banyuwangi and Surabaya; second, sales from the farmers tocollectors for local markets in Banyuwangi, Bali and Situbondo. Therefore, government need to provide information access and infrastructure to support the ease, effectivity and efficiency of vannamei shrimpdistribution.

scholarly journals Astrotourism–Exceeding Limits of the Earth and Tourism Definitions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Martina Pásková ◽  
Nicol Budinská ◽  
Josef Zelenka
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Space Tourism ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Mental Mapping ◽  
Insight Into

Emerging forms of alternative or even niche tourism represent a dynamic trend in tourism development. Astrotourism is completely off the beaten path. The aim of this study is to provide a deeper insight into this phenomenon. It strives to reveal motivations, experiences, and perceptions of its participants. It also aspires to propose its complex definition as an activity including both terrestrial astrotourism and space tourism. It is suggested to perceive it not only as a form of alternative and/or niche tourism, but also that of mass and professional tourism. To reach these objectives, the authors analyzed relevant published studies and astrotourism products presented on relevant websites and social media. They elaborated the collected secondary data by mental mapping and the comparative analysis of terrestrial and space tourism products. Moreover, the authors collected primary data through a survey with open-ended questions addressed to persons interested in astrotourism and through semi-structured interviews with terrestrial astrotourism participants and personalities. The results provide insight into both the specifity and variability of astrotourism and their typical products, as well as a discussion of their future trends. They also bring a motivation spectrum for the astrotourism participants and benefits perceived by them.

scholarly journals INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN, SULAWESI TENGGARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ernawati Ernawati ◽  
Muhammad Rafiy ◽  
Surianti Surianti
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Smoked Fish

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ketersediaan bahan baku dan skala pemasaran industri pengolahan hasil perikanan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang didistribusikan kepada 21 responden pelaku usaha. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui publikasi Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan, serta Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Data diolah melalui analisis deskriptif dan SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan industri pengolahan hasil perikanan di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan karena bahan baku bersumber dari potensi lokal, namun kelemahannya adalah bahan baku tersebut masih fluktuatif. Kendala bahan baku dialami khususnya oleh industri fermentasi, pengasapan, dan pengeringan ikan. Selain faktor musiman, ketersediaan bahan baku juga terkendala karena bahan baku sebagian besar berasal dari nelayan tradisional dengan struktur armada perikanan yang didominasi oleh nelayan skala kecil. Dengan demikian, pengembangan industri hasil perikanan mensyaratkan perbaikan di sektor hulu melalui sinergitas kebijakan penanganan keterbatasan bahan baku dari berbagai lembaga terkait. Sementara itu, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 24% unit usaha telah menembus pasar nasional. Ketersediaan bahan baku juga terkendala karena 28% telah menembus pasar regional, sisanya 48% hanya mampu memasarkan produknya di wilayah lokal. Kelompok industri yang hanya menjangkau skala lokal, yaitu industri pelumatan, pengasapan, dan pemindangan, serta beberapa usaha makanan olahan hasil perikanan. Bagi industri yang mengalami jangkauan pasar yang rendah akibat minimnya ketersediaan bahan baku, maka dapat menggunakan bahan baku pengganti namun tetap mempertahankan kualitas produk sesuai dengan selera pasar.Title: Fish Processing Industry in South Konawe Regency,  South East SulawesiThis study aimed to examine the availability of raw materials and the marketing scale of fish processing industry in South Konawe Regency. This research was conducted in 2017 and 2018 using primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through questionnaires from 21 respondents. Secondary data were collected from Statistics Indonesia, Fisheries and Marine Affairs Office, and Industry and Trade Affairs of South Konawe Regency. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The results found that raw material from local sources is the major force of fish processing industry. However, the fluctuating condition of its availability becomes the weakness. Fermentation, smoked fish, and dried fish processing industries suffer from this raw material problems. In addition, the availability of raw materials also largely depends on fishing results from small-scale traditional fishers. Therefore, the development of the fish industries need some specific improvement in the upstream section through the synergy on policies regarding raw material management from related institutions. Meanwhile, the research finding showed that 24% of business units have penetrated national market 28% have penetrated regional market, while the remaining 48% have only penetrated local market. The local industries were pulverized, smoked fish, fish brine, and some other fish processing industries. Those who could only reach small market area due to limited availability of raw materials are able to use substitute materials in a similar quality of market preferences.

scholarly journals Diaspora remittances and development of small and medium enterprises in Benin-City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Amadin Victor Idehen ◽  
Karen I Akhator
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Benin City ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The study examined diaspora remittances and the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Benin-City. The objective of the study is to establish the impacts of diaspora remittances on the development of SMEs in Benin- City. The survey approach involved an online study. The major sources of data used were primary and secondary data. The primary data were elicited through the use of an online questionnaire. The data were analyzed and presented using a statistical technique such as tables and percentages. The secondary data adopted a longitudinal research design covering the period 1991-2018, which is readily available in World Bank data. The technique adopted is multiple regressions to test the hypothesis. E-view econometric software 8.0 was used for the analysis. The result revealed that in the long run, migrant remittance (MRI) and exchange rate (EXCR) which is a supporting variable have a positive and significant impact on the development of small and medium enterprises (DSMEs) in Nigeria. The result also revealed that most diaspora remittances are on consumption. Based on the above findings, it was recommended that the government should develop a policy framework that will harness the effort of diaspora toward the development of the economy of the state, and Edo state government should collaborate with agencies in charge of remittances to remove all encumbrances to remittances to encourage the diaspora to improve on their remittances.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BANK STABILITY ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SOUTH SUDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Bak Barnaba Chol ◽  
Dr. Elizabeth Kalunda Nthambi ◽  
Dr. Joseph Kamau
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Bank Stability ◽  
Asset Quality ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of bank stability on the financial performance of commercial banks in South SudanMethodology: The study was guided by the CAMEL model metrics in measuring stability and its influence on the financial performance of commercial banks measured by ROA and ROE. The study was primarily grounded on the CAMEL model. The study further adopted the positivism philosophy which guided the research. The research employed a descriptive research design. The population for the study was 24 commercial banks in south Sudan from which the research targeted one senior manager. The research relied on a mixed methodology which encompassed both quantitative and qualitative data. Secondary data was collected for the period 2012-2017 from audited annual financial reports of individual banks and from the Central Bank of South Sudan reports while primary data was collected by use of a semi-structured questionnaire. The collected data into SPSS 23 for subsequent descriptive and inferential statistical analysis.Results: The correlation tests indicated a strong positive effect of asset quality on the financial performance of commercial banks ( r=0 .784); a strong positive effect of management efficiency (r= 0.758) and liquidity (r=0 .620).Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that at the bare minimum the management of commercial banks should benchmark with industry experts on how to enhance their services and product offering to better their asset quality scores. Further the study recommends that banking institutions that have shied away from lending activities should reconsider the potential benefits that may accrue from undertaking lending activities. The study therefore recommends that banks should be encouraged to look beyond local market and strategically expand their operations to other geographical markets and sectors of the economy. Location of bank branches is strategically paramount if banks must maximize return on investment.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KECERDASAN INTELEKTUAL, EMOSIONAL, DAN SPIRITUAL TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN AKUNTANSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD DAUD MAHMUD
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Academic Credits

This study aims to examining the effects of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence on students' understanding of accounting both partially and simultaneously. The objects of this study are 58 final-year students who have taken 136 of academic credits (SKS) and passed the compulsory courses in Accounting Program at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara. This study used quantitative methodology with multiple linear regression as an analysis tool. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. The primary data on this sudy were tabulation results of respondent’s answers obtained through questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained from student’s scores in the Accounting Program’s archives at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maluku Utara. The results of this study are as follows. (1) The intellectual intelligence and spiritual intelligence do not have any influence in students' understanding of accounting partially while emotional intelligence does. (2) Those three intelligences do not effect the students' understanding of accounting by simultaneously.

Use of Social Media Platforms for Increased Access and Visibility by the Botswana National Archives and Records Services

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-204
Author(s):  
Tshepho Lydia Mosweu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of Social Media

This chapter discusses the use of social media platforms for increased access and visibility by the Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS). A qualitative research approach is used to illuminate efforts to use social media for marketing archival services by BNARS, and to closely analyze the benefits and challenges embedded in the use of social media for marketing and outreach by archival institutions. This chapter also draws inferences from the study and proffers recommendations. Primary data was collected through interviews of archivists who manage BNARS social media pages while secondary data was derived from documentary and content analysis. The study reveals that while BNARS was visible to users and potential users online, the legal and policy framework was found to be lacking. Challenges associated with the use of social media pertained to issues of privacy, security, data management as well as policy and the legal framework. The chapter adds literature on advocacy, promotion, and public programming by archival institutions in the digital era.

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