scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Fungicides Against Rhizome Rot Disease of Ginger Under Farmer Field Condition in Salyan, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resham B ◽  
◽  
Amrita P ◽  
Anish P ◽  
Bikash G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Rhizome Rot

A study was conducted from March to August 2020 to evaluate the effectiveness of different fungicides for the management of rhizome rot disease in ginger. The field experiment was conducted under Randomized Complete Block Design with four replication and five treatments; Carbendazim 50% WP @ 1gm/litre + Mancozeb 75% WP @ 2.5gm/litre, Metalaxyl 8% WP + Mancozeb 64% WP @ 2gm/litre, Carbendazim 50% WP @ 1gm/litre, Trichoderma viride @ 5gm/litre and control. The height of pseudo stems, leaf number, germination percentage, tiller number, disease incidence, disease severity and percentage of disease control was recorded during field experiment. There was no significant effect of pre sowing rhizome treatment in height of pseudostems, leaf number and germination percentage. The highest tiller number (3.40) was found with Carbendazim 50% WP @1gm/litre + Mancozeb 75% @ 2.5gm/ litre treatment and lowest tillers number (2.95) was found with control. The highest disease incidence (34.37) and severity (30.03) was found in control plot whereas the lowest disease incidence (2.58) and disease severity (2.46) was found with Carbendazim 50% @ 1gm/litre treatment + Mancozeb 75% @ 2.5gm/litre. Similarly, the highest percentage disease control (85.61) was found with Carbendazim 50% @ 1gm/litre + Mancozeb 75% @ 2.5gm/litre treated rhizome and the lowest (54.14) was found with Trichoderma viride @ 5gm/litre treatment. Therefore, seed treatment with Carbendazim 50%WP @ 1gm/litre + Mancozeb 75% WP @ 2.5 gm/litre is found effective among other fungicides in Bagchaur-3, Salyan and is recommended for enhancing tiller and reducing rhizome rot disease incidence and severity in ginger.

Effects of Trichoderma viride and copper hydroxide on rhizome rot of ginger

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
AK Tripathi ◽  
AK Singh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Rhizome Rot

To assess the impact of rhizome rot disease management on growth and yield of ginger a study was carried out. Rhizome treatment with copper hydroxide resulted 86% ginger germination followed by Trichoderma viride which was 81% over local check. The results further revealed that rhizome treatment by copper hydroxide and its soil drenching effectively controlled rhizome rot disease (67%) with reduced disease incidence (4.6%) followed by Trichoderma viride which controlled the disease by 53.5% and reduced the disease incidence to 6.8% over local check. Extension and technology gap was recorded 2.5 and 3.8 t/ha. Raised bed planting, use of Trichoderma viride, disease free seed and rhizome treatment were adopted by 53.3, 26.6, 29.3 and 24% respondents.

Eco-friendly management of wilt caused by fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Ciceri in chickpea

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandar Kala ◽  
S. Gangopadhyay ◽  
S. L. Godara
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Maximum Inhibition

Antagonistic potentiality of Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescens were evaluated against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri under in vivo conditions. The effect of organic amendments viz; farm yard manure, vermicompost and mustard cake on disease control potentiality of test antagonists against chickpea wilt and on population dynamics of the antagonists and pathogen in soil was also studied. Maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of F. o. f. sp. ciceri was recorded in presence of P. fluorescens (%) followed by T. harzianum (%) and T. viride (%). Seed treatment with P. fluorescens was more effective in suppressing the disease incidence as compared to T. harzianum and T. viride. The disease control efficacy and population dynamics of all the three test antagonists was enhanced in response to application of organic amendments. Among the three organic amendments tested, mustard cake was most effective in enhancing the disease control potentiality of these antagonists.

Effect of the addition of a fungicide to glyphosate applied postemergence on crop injury, disease control, and corn yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
David C. Hooker ◽  
Jonathan Brinkman ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Crop Injury

The addition of pyraclostrobin, pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin/metconazole, trifloxystrobin/propiconazole, azoxystrobin/propiconazole, and trifloxystrobin/prothioconazole fungicides to glyphosate reduced disease incidence up to 19% and disease severity up to 4% compared with glyphosate alone. Fungicides evaluated can be safely mixed with glyphosate for corn production, but fungicide use was not associated with increased corn yield.

scholarly journals Isolation, identification of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica and screening of tomato parental lines for buckeye rot resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Shilpa Shilpa ◽  
Rajinder Kaur ◽  
Monica Sharma ◽  
M. N. Adarsh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Disease Reaction ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Rot Disease

Buckeye rot disease of tomato which is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato crop is caused by soil born fungus Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. In present study, the pathogen was isolated, morphologically identified and its pathogenicity was proved on susceptible commercial variety Solan Lalima and resistant line EC-251649 of tomato. Isolation of pathogen from the infected tomato fruit was achieved on Corn Meal Agar (CMA) out of two different media viz., Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and CMA. Fungal inoculum was prepared on Corn Meal broth. Inoculation with 10 ml of inoculum was found optimum in plant parts namely, stem, leaves and fruits. Parental lines were inoculated to test their disease reaction to buckeye rot. Symptoms of infection appeared on leaves and fruits only. Solan Lalima was found to be highly susceptible to with disease severity of 92 % and 100 % disease incidence, while EC-251649 was found moderately resistant on the basis of 16 % disease severity and 10 % disease incidence to the disease. After confirmation of resistance and susceptibility, the parental lines were surveyed for polymorphism using 42 primers and 32 were recorded to be polymorphic revealing that the differences are present at DNA level also. This is the very first study which evaluated parental lines for buckeye rot disease reaction on morphological as well as molecular basis. These lines will be further used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis/gene tagging for buckeye rot and marker assisted selection to provide improved varieties to the farmers.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Fungal Biocontrol Agent and a Chemical Adjuvant on the Efficacy of Cuprous Oxide Sprays for Controlling Witches’ Broom Disease in Cocoa

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
J.R.M. Thacker ◽  
L.V. Laine ◽  
R.D. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Cuprous Oxide ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Broom Disease ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

A Field experiment was carried out in a cocoa plantation in Brazil to evaluate whether a fungal biocontrol agent (Trichoderma spp.) and a chemical adjuvant could enhance the efficacy of cuprous oxide sprays that are applied to control witches’ broom disease. The experimental design was comprised of 16 plots containing approximately 50 mature cocoa trees each. Each plot measured approximately 1000 m2. Treatments were allocated to plots randomly. Treatments were: control (no spray), cuprous oxide, cuprous oxide plus adjuvant, and cuprous oxide plus adjuvant plus fungus. Sprays were applied monthly from April to September in line with official recommendations for the control of witches’ broom disease. Sprays were applied using a motorized backpack mistblower. Monthly assessments of disease incidence were made from March to November. Assessments were made on five randomly selected trees from 15 marked trees located in the center of each plot. Assessments were comprised of the numbers of healthy and diseased pods observed on trees, the numbers of green and necrotic axillary and terminal brooms, and the numbers of healthy and diseased pods taken from trees at each harvest. The results show that disease incidence was the highest in the control plots where the fewest healthy pods were harvested. The overall incidence of disease varied from 25 to 45% across all treatments. Statistically, the results show that there were no significant differences among treatments, including the control. No significant improvements in the efficacy of copper-based sprays were measured as a result of adding the fungus or the adjuvant to the spray. Also, no significant improvements in disease control were recorded when using cuprous oxide on its own. We concluded that copper sprays were ineffective in controlling the disease. This paper discusses our results in the light of official recommendations for the control of the disease.

scholarly journals Integrated Disease Management for Pigeonpea Wilt Caused by Fusarium udum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Sharma ◽  
Tushar Mishra ◽  
Rakesh Bhagat ◽  
Vivek Swarnkar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Wilt Incidence

Field experiments were conducted during Kharif seasons of 2013 and 2014 in the farmer's field of Gariyaband, Chhattisgarh, India to find out different integrated management levels of control schedule for pigeonpea wilt disease. All treatments had a significant effect on germination percent, disease incidence, seed yield and disease index in both the consecutive years of experimentation. T4–Seed treatment with Thiram + Carbendazim+ Trichoderma viride + Rhizobium + Soil application of Trichoderma viride, resulted in higher germination percentage (96.8 and 97.2), wilt incidence percent at 60 DAS (2.97 and 3.15), wilt incidence per cent at 150 DAS (9.68 and 7.65) and seed yield (15.10 and 16.28 q ha-1) during 2013 and 2014, respectively and was found superior over rest of the treatments. The loss in pigeonpea yield was up to the tune of 18.86 to 54.24% due to the incidence of wilt disease.

scholarly journals Disease Incidence on Old Garden Roses in the South

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 590A-590
Author(s):  
Beth Clendenen ◽  
B.K. Behe ◽  
K.L. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Diplocarpon Rosae ◽  
Significant Incidence ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Rain Events

Eleven rose cultivars were field planted and evaluated weekly for disease, defoliation, and overall vigor in order to compare natural resistance to blackspot (Diplocarpon rosae). Alternative treatments were also compared for efficacy in low-maintenance disease control. Treatments included a bimonthly application of chlorothalonil, a bimonthly application of a horticultural oil, an application of chlorothalonil based on rain events, and a no-treatment control. Cultivars showed significant differences in disease severity, defoliation, and overall performance, with old garden rose varieties showing more natural disease resistance than modern susceptible varieties included in the study. Chlorothalonil applied on a 14-day spray schedule did provide a significant decrease in blackspot disease severity when compared to other treatments. A significant incidence of secondary disease including Cercospora rosicola and Botrytis cinerea occurred on old garden rose varieties. No treatment differences were found for these diseases. `Belinda's Dream', `The Fairy', and `Red Mediland' ranked highest in overall performance throughout the season.

scholarly journals Integrated Management Practices for Clubroot Disease (Plasmodiophora Brassicae Wor.) of Cauliflower in Palung, Makwanpur, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
P Adhikari ◽  
A Khatiwada ◽  
N Paneru ◽  
P Tandan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Root Disease ◽  
Clubroot Disease

Club root is one of the most important diseases in the eastern hills of Nepal affecting the rural income as well as quantity and quality of Cauliflower production. A field experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications during February to May, 2019. The experiment was conducted in the Farmer’s field in the disease prone area of Thaha municipality-4, Palung of Makwanpur district to assess the efficacy of five different treatments; Nebijin, Hatake, Trichoderma viride, Lime and control for the management or suppressing the club root disease. The effectiveness of the treatments against club root disease was evaluated along with their influence on growth parameters and yield parameters of white top variety of cauliflower. Different parameters such as disease incidence, percent disease index (PDI) or disease severity index (DSI) and percent disease control (PDI) were recorded using disease scoring scale. The treatments showed significant effect on the yield and disease parameters, but not on the vegetative parameters of cauliflower. The lowest disease incidence (50.2%) and severity index (26.8%) and the highest percent disease control (57.6%) was recorded in Nebijin. Moreover, the Marketable yield (Mtha-1) per plot was observed highest from Nebijin (48.27Mtha-1) and Trichoderma viride (47.39 Mtha-1) treatment. From the study it may concluded that the application of Nebijin was more effective for the management of clubroot disease of Cauliflower and the use of Hatake and Trichoderma virideas bio-fungicides were also giving the potential assuring measure for the controlling disease of Cauliflower. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 87-98 (2020)

scholarly journals Development of Crown and Root Rot Disease of Tomato Under Irrigation with Saline Water

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 1438-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shachaf Triky-Dotan ◽  
Uri Yermiyahu ◽  
Jaacov Katan ◽  
Abraham Gamliel
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Crown And Root Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

We studied the effect of water salinity on the incidence and severity of crown and root rot disease of tomato, as well as on the pathogen and on the plant's response to the pathogen. Irrigation with saline water significantly increased disease severity in tomato transplants inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, and mineral fertilization further increased it. In one field experiment, disease incidence in plots irrigated with saline water (electrical conductivity [EC] = 3.2 ± 0.1 dS m-1) and in those irrigated with fresh water (EC = 0.4 ± 0.1 dS m-1) was 75 and 38%, respectively. Disease onset was earlier and yield was lower in plots irrigated with saline water. In a second field experiment, final disease incidence 250 days after planting, was 12% in plants which had been irrigated with saline water (EC = 4.6 ± 0.1 dS m-1) and 4% in those irrigated with fresh water (EC = 1.2 ± 0.1 dS m-1). Irrigation of tomato transplants with 20 mM NaCl did not inhibit plant development, but partial inhibition was observed at higher NaCl concentrations. Growth of the pathogen in culture or survival of conidia added to soil were not affected by saline water. Plants which were preirrigated with saline water were more severely diseased than those preirrigated with tap water. It was concluded that disease increases effected by saline water are associated with the latter's effect on plant response.

scholarly journals Evidence that Prohexadione-Calcium Induces Structural Resistance to Fire Blight Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly J. McGrath ◽  
Jessica M. Koczan ◽  
Megan M. Kennelly ◽  
George W. Sundin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wall Width ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

Mechanisms of fire blight control by the shoot-growth regulator prohexadione-calcium (ProCa) were investigated by comparing disease development in ProCa-treated potted apple trees (cv. Gala) to paclobutrazol (another shoot-growth regulator)-treated and nontreated trees and in ProCa-treated cv. McIntosh trees in the field. Twenty-eight days after inoculation with Erwinia amylovora Ea110, disease incidence on ProCa- and paclobutrazol-treated shoots was significantly reduced compared with that on nontreated shoots. Disease severity (percent shoot length infected) was also significantly lower on both ProCa- and paclobutrazol-treated shoots than on nontreated shoots. However, bacterial populations within inoculated shoots were high and bacterial growth occurred in all treatments. In addition, the mean cell wall width of the cortical parenchyma midvein tissue of the first and second youngest unfolded leaves of ProCa- and paclobutrazol-treated shoots was significantly wider both 0.5 and 2 cm from the leaf tips compared with the cell walls of the nontreated tissue. Taken together, these results suggest that reduction of fire blight symptoms by ProCa and paclobutrazol is not the result of reduced populations of E. amylovora in shoots. Moreover, because paclobutrazol also reduced disease severity and incidence, changes in flavonoid metabolism induced by ProCa but not paclobutrazol does not appear to be responsible for disease control as suggested in recent literature. Finally, although this study did not directly link disease control to the observed cell wall changes, the possibility that an increase in cell wall width impedes the spread of E. amylovora should be investigated in more depth.

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