scholarly journals Spatial distribution and interannual variability of catches for pink salmon of artificial origin in the waters of eastern coast of Sakhalin Island in modern times

2021 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-504
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Stekolshchikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Aniva Bay ◽  
Artificial Origin

Mixed herds of pink salmon including the fish of both artificial and natural origin are exploited by fishery in many areas of Sakhalin Island. To separate the fish of different origin, large-scale tagging of the juveniles otoliths is conducted at salmon hatcheries since 2008. The hatcheries contribution to pink salmon catches in certain areas of East Sakhalin (from the Langeri River to Cape Crillon) is assessed for 2011–2017 on the base of previously published and new data on occurrence of the fish with marked otoliths. The specimens were sampled from commercial catches of 5–13 fixed nets and from research catches in 5–9 rivers throughout entire spawning season. In total, 40,992 otoliths of pink salmon were collected. The otoliths were prepared for microstructure analysis using standard methods of processing. All marked otoliths had the tags of hatcheries located on the eastern coast of Sakhalin. The fish of artificial origin were caught in all examined sites between Cape Soymonov and Cape Crillon every year, but in some years their distribution was wider, up to the northern limit of the investigated area (Langeri River). The fish of artificial origin migrated to all rivers within this area. The total annual landing of the pink salmon marked at artificial hatcheries in the East Sakhalin waters was estimated as 300–10600 t, by years. The rest of the fish of artificial origin (0.4–2.3 . 106 ind.) entered to the rivers and mostly reached the spawning grounds. Long-term dynamics of landing was compared for the pink salmon of artificial and natural origin and their independence was concluded. Distribution of pink salmon originated from certain artificial hatcheries by sites of catch was rather constant that allowed to extrapolate the results for marked fish to all released pink salmon. The highest contribution of pink salmon of artificial origin was noted for catches in the Aniva Bay (23.9 %, on average), it was lower for catches at the southeastern coast of Sakhalin (13.2 %), and more lower for catches in the Patience Bay (7.6 %). Total number of pink adults of artificial origin caught on a particular stretch of coast did not depend directly on the number of pink juveniles released from a local hatchery, but was determined mainly by number of fish migrated there from other hatcheries. The landing of pink salmon originated from artificial hatcheries directly in the rivers where these hatcheries were located and at their mouths was < 10 % of the total catch of pink salmon of artificial origin. Schemes of quantitative distribution of pink salmon with marked otoliths in the waters of East Sakhalin are presented.

scholarly journals Rhythmic patterns of shoreline contour in the gulf of Terpenya of Sakhalin Island

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-505
Author(s):  
I. O. Leont’yev ◽  
V. V. Afanas'yev ◽  
A. V. Uba
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Initial Perturbation ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Bottom Relief ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Coastal Morphology ◽  
Nearshore Circulation

The results are discussed of the long-term observations of the system of mega-cusps (large-scale shoreline cusps) revealed on the coast of the Gulf of Terpenya of Sakhalin Island. Typical spatial step of the rhythmic forms is about 800 m and the amplitude of shoreline undulations is of tens of meters. Despite of significant changes in temporal scales of the seasons, years and decades the main morphological features of mega-cusps are kept over the period of more than 60 years. The model is suggested explaining creation of rhythmic shoreline patterns by self-organization of bottom relief under the wave impact. Development of mega-cusps is shown to be connected with generation of nearshore circulation cells. Due to flows within the cells a small initial perturbation of shoreline contour can increase in time. A positive feedback between the coastal morphology and the hydrodynamics arises when a certain relation is established between the length of perturbation, the width of surf zone and the velocities of nearshore currents. It is concluded that the system of mega-cusps in the Gulf of Terpenya is mainly supported by the moderate waves of significant wave height about 1.6 m.

scholarly journals CRITICAL REMARKS TO PUBLICATIONS ON REPRODUCTION OF PACIFIC SALMONS IN THE RIVERS OF NORTHERN SAKHALIN ISLAND

2019 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
A. M. Kaev
Keyword(s):  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Downstream Migration ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Southern Sakhalin ◽  
Long Term Studies

Results of long-term studies of pink salmon reproduction (spawners run to the rivers, fry downstream migration and adults returns, their survival during the freshwater and marine periods) are widely presented for southern Sakhalin and southern Kuril Islands but were not published until nowadays for northern Sakhalin because of many uncertainties in the data. New series of scientific articles published by A.A. Zhivoglyadov with co-authors pretends to fill this gap, but they content a lot of errors and inaccuracies, so both presented data and conclusions should be considered very carefully.

Spreading of the Amur River Water in the Eastern Aniva Bay in Late Autumn

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
G. V. Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
V. N. Chastikov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Aniva Bay ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Ecological Habitats

As a result of an analysis of the long-term average salinity distributions at four standard sections of the Aniva Bay, it was shown that in the late autumn (November-December) there was an inflow of modified Amur low-salinity water along its eastern shore. According to the results of two oceanographic surveys performed on October 29-31, 2013 and November 29-03, 2013, a large-scale desalination in the northeastern part of the bay occurred in conditions of extreme river flow, much earlier than usual, was revealed. A year earlier, instrumental measurements of temperature and salinity revealed the appearance of this water in the area (salinity decreased to 27.5 psu) at the beginning of December 2012 it retained its influence until mid-March 2013. The revealed feature makes it necessary to consider the ecological habitats of certain species of aquatic organisms in the area in a different way.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF ABUNDANCE FOR THE MIGRATING JUVENILE PINK SALMON IN THE RIVERS OF SAKHALIN AND ITURUP ISLANDS IN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 82-100
Author(s):  
A. M. Kaev ◽  
G. N. Dzen ◽  
P. S. Sukhonos ◽  
I. S. Bobrov
Keyword(s):  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Downstream Migration ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Iturup Island ◽  
Natural Spawning ◽  
Southeastern Sakhalin ◽  
Aniva Bay ◽  
Terpeniya Bay

Number of the pink salmon fry migrating downstream from their spawning grounds in the control rivers in 2019 is assessed as 17546.2 . 103 and 14795.7 . 103 ind. for the Dagi and Bolshoi Khuzi Rivers (northeastern Sakhalin), as 89.1 . 103 and 2636.1 . 103 ind. for the Poronai River tributaries — the Kholodny and Orlovka, as 2759.8 . 103 and 21456.0 . 103 ind. for the Lazovaya and Pugachevka Rivers (western coast of the Patience/Terpeniya Bay), as 5803.8 . 103 and 19020.0 . 103 ind. for the Voznesenka and Ochepuha Rivers (southeastern Sakhalin), as 1822.4 . 103 and 2139.0 . 103 for the Taranai and Kura Rivers (Aniva Bay coast), and as 15834.1 . 103 and 7626.1 . 103 ind. for the Rybatskaya and Olya Rivers (Iturup Island), respectively. In all areas, the pink juveniles migrated from the spawning grounds earlier than usual, obviously because of accelerated development of the embryos in conditions of abnormally warm autumn. The number of juveniles migrated from all spawning grounds in the rivers of respective regions is estimated taking into account the escapement of pink salmon spawners and the downstream migration index determined for the control rivers (ratio of the spawners escapement and the number of subsequent downstream migrating juveniles): the total number for the natural spawning grounds is estimated as 1168.9 . 106 ind. for the rivers of the eastern coast of Sakhalin (including the Aniva Bay) and 471.1 . 106 ind. for the rivers of Iturup Island (Okhotsk Sea coast). Additional 141.3 . 106 ind. were released from artificial hatcheries of eastern Sakhalin and 122.0 . 106 ind. — from artificial hatcheries of Iturup Island. The downstream migration is considered as highly abundant for northeastern Sakhalin and Iturup Island, but is insufficiently abundant for the Patience/Terpeniya Bay and Aniva Bay where the landings of this generation should be limited. The pink salmon return to southeastern Sakhalin in 2020 is expected to be better than in 2018 due to satisfactory abundance of the juveniles from natural spawning grounds.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Computer Analyses in Preventive Health Research

1967 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Collen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
New Era ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Normal Test ◽  
Computer Analyses

The utilization of an automated multitest laboratory as a data acquisition center and of a computer for trie data processing and analysis permits large scale preventive medical research previously not feasible. Normal test values are easily generated for the particular population studied. Long-term epidemiological research on large numbers of persons becomes practical. It is our belief that the advent of automation and computers has introduced a new era of preventive medicine.

Challenges, Concerns, and Perspectives for Poland's Energy Transition during Global COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Andrzej Lorkowski ◽  
Robert Jeszke
Keyword(s):  
Internal Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Current Discussion ◽  
The Face ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu ◽  
At Home

The whole world is currently struggling with one of the most disastrous pandemics to hit in modern times – Covid-19. Individual national governments, the WHO and worldwide media organisations are appealing for humanity to universally stay at home, to limit contact and to stay safe in the ongoing fight against this unseen threat. Economists are concerned about the devastating effect this will have on the markets and possible outcomes. One of the countries suffering from potential destruction of this situation is Poland. In this article we will explain how difficult internal energy transformation is, considering the long-term crisis associated with the extraction and usage of coal, the European Green Deal and current discussion on increasing the EU 2030 climate ambitions. In the face of an ongoing pandemic, the situation becomes even more challenging with each passing day.

PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE MODEL OF INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Gaiduchok ◽  
◽  
Oleksiy Stupnytskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Political Economic

In modern times, it is believed that by reducing the risk of military intervention, military security has lost its relevance, and economic security has become a priority of national interests. The principle of economic security is as follows: national interests are supported through an economic system that supports free exchange and ensures the upward mobility of the nation. The analysis of economic security is based on the concept of national interests. It is well known that the problem of national security and its components cannot be considered only from the standpoint of current interests; it is closely related to the possibilities of their implementation over a significant, long-term period. Each stage of realization of national interests of the country is characterized by its assessment of its geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic conditions, security threats and the main carriers of these threats, the mechanism of realization of national interests (each of the stages has its own assessment of the main definitions and categories of security, the main vectors of geoeconomic policy). Economic security is the foundation and material basis of national security. A state is in a state of security if it protects its own national interests and is able to defend them through political, economic, socio-psychological, military and other actions. There is a close connection between economic security and the system of national and state interests, and it is through this category that the problems of economic potential and economic power of the state, geopolitical and geoeconomic positions of the country in the modern world are intertwined. At a time when regional forces are trying to expand markets, provide access to finance and the latest technology, economic security has become a necessary component of the ability of regional forces to expand their influence. The article is devoted to the study of economic security of Ukraine and its components using the model of quantitative assessment of economic security of Ukraine. Using the Fishburne method, a model is built that allows to obtain an integrated assessment of the level of economic security based on the synthesis of nine partial indicators.

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