scholarly journals Biocompatible Direct Deposition of Functionalized Nanoparticles using Shrinking Surface Plasmonic Bubble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghyun Moon ◽  
Qiushi Zhang ◽  
Dezhao Huang ◽  
Satyajyoti Senapati ◽  
Hsueh-Chia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Model System ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Functionalized Nanoparticles ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Pressure ◽  
Shrinking Surface ◽  
Surface Bubble

<p>Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are the foundation of diverse applications, such as photonics, composites, energy conversion, and especially biosensors. In many biosensing applications, concentrating the higher density of NPs in the smaller spot without deteriorating biofunctions is usually an inevitable step to improve the detection limit, which remains to be a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate biocompatible deposition of functionalized NPs to an optically transparent surface using shrinking surface plasmonic bubbles. Leveraging the shrinking bubble can enable to mitigate any potential biomolecules degradation by strong photothermal effect, which has been a big obstacle of bridging plasmonic bubbles with biomolecules. The deposited NPs are closely packed in a micro-sized spot (as small as 3 μm), and the functional molecules are able to survive the process as verified by their strong fluorescence signals. We elucidate that the contracting contact line of the shrinking bubble forces the NPs captured by the contact line to a highly concentrated island. Such a shrinking surface bubble deposition (SSBD) is low temperature in nature as no heat is added during the process. Using a hairpin DNA-functionalized gold NP suspension as a model system, SSBD is shown to enable much stronger fluorescence signal compared to the optical pressure deposition and the conventional steady thermal bubble contact line deposition. The demonstrated SSBD technique capable of directly depositing functionalized NPs may benefit a wide range of applications, such as the manufacturing of multiplex biosensors.</p>

scholarly journals Biocompatible Direct Deposition of Functionalized Nanoparticles using Shrinking Surface Plasmonic Bubble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghyun Moon ◽  
Qiushi Zhang ◽  
Dezhao Huang ◽  
Satyajyoti Senapati ◽  
Hsueh-Chia Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Model System ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Functionalized Nanoparticles ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optical Pressure ◽  
Shrinking Surface ◽  
Surface Bubble

<p>Functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) are the foundation of diverse applications, such as photonics, composites, energy conversion, and especially biosensors. In many biosensing applications, concentrating the higher density of NPs in the smaller spot without deteriorating biofunctions is usually an inevitable step to improve the detection limit, which remains to be a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate biocompatible deposition of functionalized NPs to an optically transparent surface using shrinking surface plasmonic bubbles. Leveraging the shrinking bubble can enable to mitigate any potential biomolecules degradation by strong photothermal effect, which has been a big obstacle of bridging plasmonic bubbles with biomolecules. The deposited NPs are closely packed in a micro-sized spot (as small as 3 μm), and the functional molecules are able to survive the process as verified by their strong fluorescence signals. We elucidate that the contracting contact line of the shrinking bubble forces the NPs captured by the contact line to a highly concentrated island. Such a shrinking surface bubble deposition (SSBD) is low temperature in nature as no heat is added during the process. Using a hairpin DNA-functionalized gold NP suspension as a model system, SSBD is shown to enable much stronger fluorescence signal compared to the optical pressure deposition and the conventional steady thermal bubble contact line deposition. The demonstrated SSBD technique capable of directly depositing functionalized NPs may benefit a wide range of applications, such as the manufacturing of multiplex biosensors.</p>

scholarly journals Prediction of Commuter’s Daily Time Allocation

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Zong ◽  
Jia Hongfei ◽  
Pan Xiang ◽  
Wu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Model System ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Activity Duration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Duration Prediction

This paper presents a model system to predict the time allocation in commuters’ daily activity-travel pattern. The departure time and the arrival time are estimated with Ordered Probit model and Support Vector Regression is introduced for travel time and activity duration prediction. Applied in a real-world time allocation prediction experiment, the model system shows a satisfactory level of prediction accuracy. This study provides useful insights into commuters’ activity-travel time allocation decision by identifying the important influences, and the results are readily applied to a wide range of transportation practice, such as travel information system, by providing reliable forecast for variations in travel demand over time. By introducing the Support Vector Regression, it also makes a methodological contribution in enhancing prediction accuracy of travel time and activity duration prediction.

scholarly journals Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2040-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Borzenkov ◽  
Maria Moros ◽  
Claudia Tortiglione ◽  
Serena Bertoldi ◽  
Nicola Contessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
Gold Nanostars ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spherical Gold Nanoparticles

The unique photothermal properties of non-spherical gold nanoparticles under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation find broad application in nanotechnology and nanomedicine. The combination of their plasmonic features with widely used biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films can lead to novel hybrid polymeric materials with tunable photothermal properties and a wide range of applications. In this study, thin PVA films containing highly photothermally efficient gold nanostars (GNSs) were fabricated and their properties were studied. The resulting films displayed good mechanical properties and a pronounced photothermal effect under NIR irradiation. The local photothermal effect triggered by NIR irradiation of the PVA-GNS films is highly efficient at killing bacteria, therefore providing an opportunity to develop new types of protective antibacterial films and coatings.

scholarly journals The unity and diversity of the ciliary central apparatus

2019 ◽  
Vol 375 (1792) ◽  
pp. 20190164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Yuqing Hou ◽  
Nathan A. McNeill ◽  
George B. Witman
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Model System ◽  
Flagellar Motility ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Central Apparatus ◽  
Cilia And Flagella ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

Nearly all motile cilia and flagella (terms here used interchangeably) have a ‘9+2’ axoneme containing nine outer doublet microtubules and two central microtubules. The central pair of microtubules plus associated projections, termed the central apparatus (CA), is involved in the control of flagellar motility and is essential for the normal movement of ‘9+2’ cilia. Research using the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , an important model system for studying cilia, has provided most of our knowledge of the protein composition of the CA, and recent work using this organism has expanded the number of known and candidate CA proteins nearly threefold. Here we take advantage of this enhanced proteome to examine the genomes of a wide range of eukaryotic organisms, representing all of the major phylogenetic groups, to identify predicted orthologues of the C. reinhardtii CA proteins and explore how widely the proteins are conserved and whether there are patterns to this conservation. We also discuss in detail two contrasting groups of CA proteins—the ASH-domain proteins, which are broadly conserved, and the PAS proteins, which are restricted primarily to the volvocalean algae. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport’.

scholarly journals Mounting Media and Antifade Reagents

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Tony J. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Optical Aberrations ◽  
Wide Range

In the biomedical sciences, samples are mounted in a wide variety of media for examination by microscope. There are a wide variety of mounting media available with a correspondingly wide range of properties. Using the incorrect mounting medium may cause signal loss and optical aberrations; the correct mounting medium avoids such aberrations and preserves fluorescence signal with “anti-fading” properties. This article introduces mounting media for fluorescence microscopy, providing descriptions of their constituents and their properties, as well as accounts of users' experienceMore detailed reviews of antifade reagents have been published by Ono et al. and Longin et al.. Papers describing the effect of refractive index (RI) mismatch have been published by Diaspro et al. and Hell et al..

Polypyrrole/Graphene Quantum Dot Composites as a Sensor Media for Epinephrine

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4005-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Hoa Le ◽  
Dal Ho Lee ◽  
Ji Hyeon Kim ◽  
Sang Joon Park
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Electron Transfer Process ◽  
Graphene Quantum Dot ◽  
Amine Groups

In this paper, we discuss a new biosensor for simple and rapid detection of epinephrine (EP) based on polypyrrole/graphene quantum dot (PPy/GQD) composites. Presence of amine groups on the PPy backbone leads to surface passivation of GQDs. As a result, the composites exhibit strong fluorescence emission, which can be up to three times that of pristine GQDs. In neutral to alkaline solution, the EP on the surface of PPy/GQD composites is converted to a quinone, which triggers the fluorescence quenching of PPy/GQD composites via a photoinduced electron transfer process. Hence, the concentration of EP can be effectively monitored by measuring the variation in the fluorescence signal of PPy/GQD composites. The quenched fluorescence intensity of PPy/GQDs was proportional to the concentration of EP (0.7–400 μM). We used our method to determine the concentration of EP in human serum samples and obtained satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Conditional Protein Rescue (CPR) by Binding-Induced Protective Shielding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Gaynor ◽  
Wilfred Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Cytosine Deaminase ◽  
Model System ◽  
Target Protein ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Endogenous Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability

AbstractAn effective method to modulate the stability of proteins is essential to biological research. Herein, we describe a new technology that allows conditional stabilization of proteins based on masking of a degron tag by a specific intracellular protein cue. A target protein is fused to a degron tag and an affinity sensor domain. When the sensor detects its target protein, the degron is effectively concealed and the target protein is rescued. By introducing nanobodies as the sensor, we allow for virtually any endogenous protein to be targeted. In a model system using yeast cytosine deaminase, we demonstrate low cell death background yet maintain the ability to elicit strong activation and prodrug-mediated cell killing using GFP as the rescue protein. The flexibility in choosing different masking targets provides a straightforward method to generalize the strategy for conditional protein rescue in a wide range of biological contexts, including oncoprotein detection.

scholarly journals Threespine Stickleback: A Model System For Evolutionary Genomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Reid ◽  
Michael A. Bell ◽  
Krishna R. Veeramah
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Model System ◽  
Threespine Stickleback ◽  
Evolutionary Genomics ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Threespine Sticklebacks ◽  
Genomic Basis

The repeated adaptation of oceanic threespine sticklebacks to fresh water has made it a premier organism to study parallel evolution. These small fish have multiple distinct ecotypes that display a wide range of diverse phenotypic traits. Ecotypes are easily crossed in the laboratory, and families are large and develop quickly enough for quantitative trait locus analyses, positioning the threespine stickleback as a versatile model organism to address a wide range of biological questions. Extensive genomic resources, including linkage maps, a high-quality reference genome, and developmental genetics tools have led to insights into the genomic basis of adaptation and the identification of genomic changes controlling traits in vertebrates. Recently, threespine sticklebacks have been used as a model system to identify the genomic basis of highly complex traits, such as behavior and host–microbiome and host–parasite interactions. We review the latest findings and new avenues of research that have led the threespine stickleback to be considered a supermodel of evolutionary genomics. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics Volume 22 is August 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Predicting delays in prefabricated projects: SD-BP neural network to define effects of risk disruption

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Mehrdad Arashpour ◽  
Zhuzhang Yang ◽  
Chengxin Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Model System ◽  
Extreme Condition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Schedule Delay ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Delay Prediction

PurposePrefabricated construction is often hindered by scheduling delays. This paper aims to propose a schedule delay prediction model system, which can provide the key information for controlling the delay effects of risk-related factors on scheduling in prefabricated construction.Design/methodology/approachThis paper combines SD (System Dynamics) and BP (Back Propagation) neural network to predict risk related delays. The SD-based prediction model focuses on dynamically presenting the interrelated impacts of risk events and activities along with workflow. While BP neural network model is proposed to evaluate the delay effect for a single risk event disrupting a single job, which is the necessary input parameter of SD-based model.FindingsThe established model system is validated through a structural test, an extreme condition test, a sensitivity test, and an error test, and shows an excellent performance on aspect of reliability and accuracy. Furthermore, 5 scenarios of case application during 3 different projects located in separate cities prove the prediction model system can be applied in a wide range.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to academic research on combination of SD and BP neural network at the operational level prediction, and a practical prediction tool supporting managers to take decision-making in a timely manner against delays.

scholarly journals Protein sensing in living cells by molecular rotor-based fluorescence-switchable chemical probes

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Ting Yu ◽  
Ting-Wei Wu ◽  
Chi-Ling Huang ◽  
I-Chia Chen ◽  
Kui-Thong Tan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Molecular Rotor ◽  
Chemical Probes ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Protein Sensing ◽  
Bond Rotation ◽  
Fluorescence Switching ◽  
Competitive Ligand

We introduce a general design to construct fluorescence-switching probes. Upon the interaction of the ligand with the protein, the crowded surroundings restrict the bond rotation of the fluorescent molecular rotor to trigger a strong fluorescence signal, which is reduced upon the addition of a competitive ligand or after protein degradation.

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