scholarly journals Self-monitoring of blood glucose as a basis for diabetes management

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
A. Yu Mayorov ◽  
O. G Melnikova ◽  
Yu. I Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Antidiabetic Therapy ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
External Conditions

The article represents the review of issues of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in diabetes treatment. The therapeutic purposes are considered when carrying out SMBG before and after the meals, accepted in Russia, providing an individualization depending on age, existence of severe complications and the risk of hypoglycemia. SMBG frequency is presented at various options of the antidiabetic therapy. The value of carrying out SMBG for the patient and the doctor is discussed. The principles of the work photometric and electrochemical glucometers are given. Issues of accuracy of blood glucose measuring accepted by the International organization for standardization for the systems of SMBG are presented. The reasons of errors to the system evaluation of blood glucose are connected with incorrect hand washing, improper coding of test strips, external conditions (altitude, temperature, humidity), hematocrit, acidosis, hyperlipidemia, concentration of oxygen in blood, exogenous interfering substances (some medicines). The structure and rules of maintaining the diary as the main way of the storage of results of SMBG are presented. Data of the international and Russian studies on an assessment of efficiency of SMBG are shown. The SMBG new methods are discussed in the section on continuous glucose monitoring.

Evaluation of a Continuous Blood Glucose Monitor: A Novel and Non-Invasive Wearable Using Bioimpedance Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110541
Author(s):  
Farid Sanai ◽  
Arshman S. Sahid ◽  
Jacqueline Huvanandana ◽  
Sandra Spoa ◽  
Lachlan H. Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Real World ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitor

Background: Frequent blood glucose level (BGL) monitoring is essential for effective diabetes management. Poor compliance is common due to the painful finger pricking or subcutaneous lancet implantation required from existing technologies. There are currently no commercially available non-invasive devices that can effectively measure BGL. In this real-world study, a prototype non-invasive continuous glucose monitoring system (NI-CGM) developed as a wearable ring was used to collect bioimpedance data. The aim was to develop a mathematical model that could use these bioimpedance data to estimate BGL in real time. Methods: The prototype NI-CGM was worn by 14 adult participants with type 2 diabetes for 14 days in an observational clinical study. Bioimpedance data were collected alongside paired BGL measurements taken with a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) meter and an FDA-approved CGM. The SMBG meter data were used to improve CGM accuracy, and CGM data to develop the mathematical model. Results: A gradient boosted model was developed using a randomized 80-20 training-test split of data. The estimated BGL from the model had a Mean Absolute Relative Difference (MARD) of 17.9%, with the Parkes error grid (PEG) analysis showing 99% of values in clinically acceptable zones A and B. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the reliability of the prototype NI-CGM at collecting bioimpedance data in a real-world scenario. These data were used to train a model that could successfully estimate BGL with a promising MARD and clinically relevant PEG result. These results will enable continued development of the prototype NI-CGM as a wearable ring.

scholarly journals DIABETES MANAGEMENT AND CURRENT PROSPECTS FOR SELF-MONITORING OF BLOOD GLUCOSE

2017 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
E. V. Goncharova ◽  
N. A. Petunina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Attending Physician

Diabetes mellitus implies the need for self-monitoring under the supervision of the attending physician. In the conditions of increasing prevalence of diabetes, the physician’s key task is to properly educate the patient in applying the main principles of self-monitoring. Learning the principles of glycemic control with a portable glucometer is an essential component of diabetes treatment.

Accuracy Evaluation of Five Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems in Patients from Different Departments

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (04) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Suhua Zheng ◽  
Suiyue Pan ◽  
Ting Yan ◽  
Jie Di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Accuracy Evaluation ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Comparison Measurements ◽  
Error Grid ◽  
Roche Cobas

Abstract Background Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) systems are expected to be accurate and provide reliable results. The international standard ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 15197:2013 is widely accepted for the accuracy evaluation for SMBG systems. Accuracy evaluation was performed for 5 different SMBG systems in patients from multi-departments at the hospital. Method A total of 120 patients from Changzhou Second People’s Hospital (Changzhou, China) were randomized and enrolled in the study. Accuracy evaluation was performed for 5 different SMBG systems: Gold AQ (Sinocare), Freestyle Optium Xceed (Abbott), Contour TS (Bayer), OneTouch Ultra (J&J) and Accu-Chek Performa (Roche). For each system, comparison measurements were performed with YSI 2300 STAT PLUS Glucose and Lactate Analyzer and Roche Cobas 8000 Modular Analyzer. Results All 5 systems showed that 100% of results fall within consensus error grid Zones A and B. Compared with YSI 2300 or Roche Cobas 8000 Modular Analyzer, Gold AQ system showed the highest accuracy. The linearity analysis also showed that Gold AQ had the highest correlation coefficient. Conclusion Compared with other SMBG systems, Gold AQ Glucose Monitoring System manufactured by Sinocare Inc. had the highest accuracy in measuring blood glucose level in patients from multi-departments at this hospital.

scholarly journals Real-time continuous glucose monitoring versus self-monitoring of blood glucose in adults with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes: a protocol for a randomised controlled single-centre trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040648
Author(s):  
Nanna Lind ◽  
Dorte Lindqvist Hansen ◽  
Signe Sætre Rasmussen ◽  
Kirsten Nørgaard
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Self Monitoring

IntroductionMedical treatment options for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased over the last decade and enhance the possibility of individualised treatment strategies where insulin is still one of them. In spite of the advancements in treatment options, less than one-third of the population with T2D obtain their optimal glycaemic goal. In persons with type 1 diabetes, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has shown to be the most important driver for improvement in glycaemic control, even more than insulin-pump therapy. The use of technology in T2D has only been investigated in few studies.The overall objective of the research study is to examine the effectiveness of the use of CGM versus self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in persons with insulin-treated T2D on glycaemic variables and patient-reported outcomes on treatment satisfaction, health behaviour and well-being. The independent effect of peer support will also be studied.Methods and analysisThe study is a single centre, prospective, randomised, open-labelled, three-armed study with the randomisation 2:1:2 in group A with CGM, group B with CGM and peer support, and group C as a control group with SMBG. The participants receive a training course unique for the allocation group. The study runs for 12 months and includes 100 adult participants with insulin-treated T2D, treated at the outpatient clinic at Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen. Primary outcome is difference in change in time in range. Recruitment begins in August 2020 and ends in July 2021. Final 12-month follow-up is anticipated to be in August 2022.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and is approved by the Scientific Ethics Committee of the Capital Region (H-20000843). Data collection and handling will be performed in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation and is approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (J-2020-100). Dissemination will be in international peer-reviewed journals, conferences and a plain-language summary for participants.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04331444).Protocol versionV.3, 11 December 2020.

scholarly journals System Accuracy Evaluation of 43 Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose according to DIN EN ISO 15197

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1060-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Freckmann ◽  
Christina Schmid ◽  
Annette Baumstark ◽  
Stefan Pleus ◽  
Manuela Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Accuracy Evaluation ◽  
Self Monitoring

Indole as a new tentative marker in exhaled breath for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring of diabetic subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Fink ◽  
Tim Maihöfer ◽  
Jeffrey Bender ◽  
Jochen Schulat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Test Strips ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is the most important part of diabetes management. In classical BGM, glucose measurement by test strips involves invasive finger pricking. We present results of a clinical study that focused on a non-invasive approach based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. Main objective was the discovery of markers for prediction of blood glucose levels (BGL) in diabetic patients. Exhaled breath was measured repeatedly in 60 diabetic patients (30 type 1, 30 type 2) in fasting state and after a standardized meal. Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) was used to sample breath every 15 minutes for a total of six hours. BGLs were tested in parallel via BGM test strips. VOC signals were plotted against glucose trends for each subject to identify correlations. Exhaled indole (a bacterial metabolite of tryptophan) showed significant mean correlation to BGL (with negative trend) and significant individual correlation in 36 patients. The type of diabetes did not affect this result. Additional experiments of one healthy male subject by ingestion of lactulose and 13C-labeled glucose (n=3) revealed that exhaled indole does not directly originate from food digestion by intestinal microbiota. As indole has been linked to human glucose metabolism, it might be a tentative marker in breath for non-invasive BGM. Clinical studies with greater diversity are required for confirmation of such results and further investigation of metabolic pathways.

scholarly journals Breakfast replacement with a liquid formula improves glycaemic variability in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Peng ◽  
Jingyi Lu ◽  
Xiaojing Ma ◽  
Lingwen Ying ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Before And After

AbstractThere is emerging evidence that glycaemic variability (GV) plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications. The current study aimed to compare the effects of lifestyle intervention (LI) with and without partial meal replacement (MR) on GV. A total of 123 patients with newly diagnosed and untreated type 2 diabetes (T2D) were randomised to receive either LI together with breakfast replacement with a liquid formula (LI+MR) (n 62) or LI alone (n 61) for 4 weeks and completed the study. Each participant was instructed to have three main meals per d and underwent 72-h continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) both before and after intervention. Measures of GV assessed by CGM included the incremental AUC of postprandial blood glucose (AUCpp), standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), glucose CV and mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE). After a 4-week intervention, the improvements in systolic blood pressure (P=0·046) and time in range (P=0·033) were more pronounced in the LI+MR group than in the LI group. Furthermore, LI+MR caused significantly greater improvements in all GV metrics including SDBG (P=0·005), CV (P=0·002), MAGE (P=0·016) and AUCpp (P<0·001) than did LI. LI+MR (v. LI) was independently associated with improvements in GV after adjustment of covariates (all P<0·05). Our study showed that LI+MR led to significantly greater improvements in GV compared with LI, suggesting that LI+MR could be an effective treatment to alleviate glucose excursions.

scholarly journals Topical problems of diabetes treatment during pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Irina Yur'evna Demidova ◽  
Natalya Yur'evna Arbatskaya ◽  
Elena Petrovna Mel'nikova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intensive Insulin Therapy ◽  
Insulin Requirement ◽  
Subcutaneous Insulin ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Stable Control

The main causes behind decompensation of diabetes mellitus (DM) in pregnant women are consid-ered, such as metabolic and hormonal disturbancesinfluencing insulin requirement in different periods of pregnancy and variability of glycemia related to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamicproperties of insu-lin preparations. Recommended target levels of glycemia in pregnant women with DM are cited. The fre-quencyof self-monitoring blood glucose and principles of intensive insulin therapy are discussed. Advan-tages of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusionand its role in the maintenance of stable control of car-bohydrate metabolism during pregnancy are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document