Whether all ACE inhibitors enzyme are identical? Focus on zofenopril.

The results of randomized clinical trials were analyzed. The therapy with an ACE inhibitor zofenopril in patients with cardiovascular disease resulted to reduction of cardiovascular complications and mortality risk. Zofenopril was safe and well-tolerated patients. Ongoing zofenopril trials are also reviewed.

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Clinical predictors of ACE-inhibitor induced dry cough in 27492 patients with cardiovascular disease using individual data of randomized clinical trials

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p4310 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. P4310-P4310

Author(s):

J. J. Brugts ◽

H. Arima ◽

M. Bertrand ◽

R. Ferrari ◽

K. Fox ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Individual Data ◽

Clinical Predictors

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Randomized clinical trials of cardiovascular disease in obstructive sleep apnea: understanding and overcoming bias

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

Author(s):

R Doug McEvoy ◽

Manuel Sánchez-de-la-Torre ◽

Yüksel Peker ◽

Craig S Anderson ◽

Susan Redline ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Obstructive Sleep

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Abstract P391: Marine N-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.127.suppl_12.ap391 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽

Author(s):

Akira Sekikawa ◽

Nobutake Hirooka ◽

Abhishek Vishnu ◽

Vashudha Ahuja ◽

Emmanuel Sampene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Cardiac Imaging Techniques

Introduction: Although marine n-3 fatty acids are believed to be cardioprotective through their anti-arrhythmic, anti-thrombotic, anti-atherogenic and other effects, results from recent meta-analyses of marine n-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular disease (CVD) are controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of marine n-3 fatty acids on CVD outcomes in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to test the hypothesis that marine n-3 fatty acids are anti-atherogenic. We also tested the hypothesis that such benefit is dose-dependent. Methods: A systematic review of English language articles using PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library through Aug 2012 was performed selecting RCTs evaluating the effect of marine n-3 fatty acids intake for 2 years or more on cardiovascular diseases, coronary disease, arteriosclerosis, cardiac imaging techniques, and carotid artery ultrasound. Descriptive and quantitative information was extracted. Odds ratios were calculated for cardiac event outcome. Correlation coefficients were obtained from studies of which outcome is intima-media thickness (IMT) and coronary lumen diameter (CD). We converted the estimates into a single effect size; the log odds ratio and its corresponding standard error. Results: Of 14,236 citations retrieved, 13 studies were selected, including studies reporting IMT (n=3) and CD (n=2) and major CVD events (n=8). Overall, marine n-3 fatty acids significantly reduced atherosclerotic CVD (RR 0.94: 95%CI 0.90 to 0.99, p<0.05). There was no evidence of heterogeneity (p=0.65) or publication bias (p=0.37, Begg’s test). A sub-analysis among 8 studies of major CVD events showed the similar results (RR 0.94: 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99, p<0.05). Another sub-analysis among 4 studies excluding sudden cardiac death as an outcome showed RR of 0.91 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.02, p=0.097). A meta-regression analysis shows that dose of marine n-3 fatty acids was inversely associated with CVD outcome, although the association was not statistically significant (p=0.06). Conclusions: The result of our meta-analysis supports a modest anti-atherogenic effect of marine n-3 fatty acids. This benefit may be proportional to the amount of marine n-3 fatty acids consumed.

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Reporting quality and spin in abstracts of randomized clinical trials of periodontal therapy and cardiovascular disease outcomes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0230843 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. e0230843 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Murad Shaqman ◽

Khadijeh Al-Abedalla ◽

Julie Wagner ◽

Helen Swede ◽

John Cart Gunsolley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Disease Outcomes

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Ramipril for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.1c262 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 412-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

April D Vuong ◽

Laura G Annis

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Ace Inhibitors ◽

English Language ◽

Ace Inhibitor ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Prevention And Treatment

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of ramipril in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and determine its need for inclusion on a formulary. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE and PubMed database search was conducted (1987–May 2002). Only journals written in the English language were selected for review. DATA EXTRACTION AND STUDY SELECTION: Articles reporting the use of ramipril in humans were evaluated. Emphasis was placed on randomized, controlled trials assessing efficacy. DATA SYNTHESIS: Ramipril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that exerts its effects through inhibition of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. It exhibits a safety profile that is similar to that of other ACE inhibitors and is comparable in cost to the majority of the available agents. Clinical trials have proven the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and nephropathy. Ramipril, however, is the only ACE inhibitor currently approved for the prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients without evidence of left-ventricular dysfunction or heart failure, based on the results of the HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) trial. Whether this effect is specific to ramipril has yet to be proven. This article emphasizes the major trials involving ramipril including the AIRE (Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy), REIN (Ramipril Efficacy in Nephropathy), and HOPE trials. CONCLUSIONS: Although similar to other ACE inhibitors in many aspects, it cannot be assumed that the benefits shown with ramipril in the HOPE trial are a class effect. Ongoing trials should help to clarify this matter. Until this time, current evidence justifies the inclusion of ramipril on a formulary.

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Randomized clinical trials on the effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on plasma lipoproteins and cardiovascular disease

The American Journal of Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00987-1 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 113 (9) ◽

pp. 13-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 329

Author(s):

Frank M Sacks ◽

Martijn Katan

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Plasma Lipoproteins

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THE PROBLEM OF STATINS DIABETOGENIC POTENTIAL AND WAYS OF ITS SOLUTION (review)

PROBLEMS OF ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY ◽

10.21856/j-pep.2020.4.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 147-154

Author(s):

V. Buheruk ◽

O. Voloshyna ◽

O. Dukova ◽

I. Lysij ◽

E. Naydionova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

High Risk ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Statin Therapy ◽

High Intensity ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Primary And Secondary Prevention

Aim. Current review summarized and analysed existing evidence of diabetogenic effect of statins and potential ways to overcome this problem in non-diabetic and diabetic patients. Materials and methods. Systematic literature review included results of experimental and clinical studies, multi-center placebo-controlled trials (JUPITER, ТNТ, IDEAL, SPARCL, METSIM, WOSCOPS, ALLHAT-LLT, PROSPER, etc.), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, current guidelines on statin prescription in high-risk patients and non-diabetic patients.Results of the reviewed clinical trials assessing the effects of long-term statin administration, data from randomized clinical trials and genetic studies provide convincing evidence of small, yet significant increase in absolute risk of new-onset diabetes (1 case of diabetes per 1000 patients per 1 year of treatment), concurrently preventing 5 new cases of cardiovascular disease. Diabetogenic properties are identified as probable class-effect of statins, with risk increased in high-intensity statin therapy. Diabetogenic effects are mediated through reduction in pancreatic β-cell function and impaired insulin resistance. Based on current international guidelines (ESC 2019, ADA 2020), the article highlights that despite modest diabetogenic potential, statins are recommended for primary and secondary prevention in patients with high risk of cardiovascular complications, including patients with diabetes. Conclusions. Statin therapy, especially high-intensity dosing can promote new cases of diabetes, particularly in patients with pre-existing metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Despite moderate diabetogenic effect statins are routinely recommended (ESC 2019, ADA 2020) for primary and secondary prevention in patients at high risk of cardiovascular complications, including diabetic patients. Statin therapy should be tailored to patient’s age, sex, concomitant diseases, parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism and presence of additional diabetogenic risk factors. Patients require lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of diabetes.

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Interaction between Statins and Omega 3 Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Disease: Synergistic or Not?

Journal of Integrative Cardiology Open Access ◽

10.31487/j.jicoa.2020.04.04 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Jean-Yves LE GUENNEC ◽

Forel Céline ◽

Messager Laureen ◽

Sierra Camille ◽

Contreras Ivette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Main Hypothesis ◽

Cardioprotective Effects

Up to the middle of the 2000’s, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were considered has having cardioprotective properties. Patients having a myocardial infarction were supplemented with these fatty acids in secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. Since then, many randomized clinical trials failed to observe the cardioprotective effects previously described. The main hypothesis to explain such change is the systematic prescription of statins to patients following a myocardial infarction, statins interfering with the homeostasis of omega 3 fatty acids. This review discusses the effects of different forms of omega-3 in association with statins on cardiovascular disease and emphasize on the interaction between statins and omega 3 fatty acids leading to the possible need to use higher dose of fatty acids to get a synergistic effect.

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Features of the course and approaches to the treatment of coronavirus infection COVID- 19 patients with cardiovascular diseases

Kardiologicheskii vestnik ◽

10.36396/ms.2020.16.3.009 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 64-71

Author(s):

А.Р. ДЕНИСОВА ◽

О.А. СИВАКОВА ◽

Н.В. БЛИНОВА ◽

П.В. ГАЛИЦИН ◽

С.Ю. ЯРОВОЙ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Cardiovascular Pathology ◽

Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Receptor Inhibitor

Пациенты с наличием сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) представляют особую уязвимую группу населения в условиях пандемии коронавирусной инфекции COVID -19. Они наиболее подвержены риску заражения, тяжелому течению заболевания, а также более высокой летальности по сравнению со здоровой популяцией. В настоящее время отсутствуют рандомизированные клинические исследования, позволяющие определить наиболее эффективные подходы к лечению у данной категории больных. Представленный клинический пример демонстрирует возможности применения различных групп препаратов, рекомендованных для лечения COVID-19 и высокую эффективность терапии ингибитором рецептора интерлейкина – 6 (ИЛ-6) у пациента с тяжелым течением новой коронавирусной инфекции и наличием сопутствующей сердечно-сосудистой патологии. Patients with cardiovascular disease represent a particularly vulnerable population in a pandemic of the coronavirus infection COVID -19. They are more at risk of infection, a severe course of the disease, as well as a higher mortality rate compared to a healthy population. Currently, there are no randomized clinical trials to determine the most effective approaches to treatment in this category of patients. The presented clinical example demonstrates the possibilities of using various groups of drugs recommended for the treatment of COVID-19, and the high efficiency of treatment with an interleukin-6 receptor inhibitor (IL-6) in a patient with severe new coronavirus infection and the presence of concomitant cardiovascular pathology.

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