scholarly journals Serum magnesium level in acute exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2231-2235
Author(s):  
Nitin N Jadhav ◽  
Patange Aparna ◽  
Patil Shilpa ◽  
Pardesi A T
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients

In this hospital based Case Control study, the patient population consisted of 100 patients of COPD admitted as an acute exacerbation, maximum number of patients of acute exacerbation 45% was in the age of 61-70 years, mean age was 66.44 ± 8.19 years. 74 patients were males, 71% of COPD patients were chronic smokers, 45 (45%) patients were in stage II, and 72% of patients of COPD exacerbation had hypomagnesaemia. In the control group, 99% of patients had normomagnesaemia. The incidence of hypomagnesaemia was 78% with acute exacerbation. The correlation of serum magnesium levels in exacerbation patients moreover, serum magnesium level stable COPD patients was significantly important. There was a significant correlation between hypomagnesaemia and GOLD staging in stage II and stage III, with a non-significant correlation between hypomagnesaemia and stage I and stage IV. The study concludes that COPD exacerbation is associated with hypomagnesaemia. Further studies are needed to find out the correlation between the staging of COPD and serum magnesium levels, and the effect of magnesium therapy in COPD exacerbation patients with hypomagnesaemia. Also, further studies are needed to find out possible aetiology of hypomagnesaemia in COPD exacerbation.

Serum Magnesium Levels in Exacerbation of COPD: A Single Centre Prospective Study from Kashmir, India.

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Bashir Ahmed Shah ◽  
Muzafar Ahmed Naik ◽  
Sajjad Rajab ◽  
Syed Muddasar ◽  
Ghulam Nabi Dhobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Time Of Admission

Objective: To study the significance of serum magnesium levels during COPD exacerbation and stability.Materials & Methods: The patient population consisted of all patients of COPD admitted as acute exacerbation as defined by the Anthonisens criteria, from June 2006 to may 2008. Same patients one month post discharge presenting to the OPD for routine check up as stable COPD served as controls. Results: A total number of 77 patients of COPD presenting as acute exacerbation were included in the study. The incidence of Hypomagnesaemia was 33.8% at admission; 5% at discharge and 4% at one month of post discharge in COPD patients. The mean serum magnesium levels were significantly lower in cases than controls (1.88±0.67mg/ dl V/S 2.3±0.36mg/dl; p<0.0001). Also, hypomagnesemia was present in higher number of cases (22/77, 33.8%) compared to controls, 3/75, 4.0%; (p<0.0001). Patients of COPD with acute exacerbation and hypomagnesemia, had longer duration of symptoms and had advanced stage III of COPD (p<0.001); and had raised mean corpuscle volume (p<0.045) and longer hospital stay (p<0.008).  Conclusion: We conclude COPD exacerbation is associated with hypomagnesemia. The duration of symptoms of more than 8 days, advanced stage of COPD (stage III) and raised MCV were associated with hypomagnesemia. We recommend to monitor serum magnesium levels in COPD patients with acute exacerbation at the time of admission and during their stay in the hospital.J Med Sci.2010;13(1);15-19

scholarly journals Effects of Mangosteen pericarp Extract to Clinical Improvements, The Plasma Level of IL-6 and Malondialdehyde in Acute Exacerbation of COPD Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
Khilyatul Baroroh ◽  
Suradi Suradi ◽  
Ade Rima
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Amplification of inflammation in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in the airways, pulmonary and systemic circulation that are characterized by increased plasma level of IL-6 and MDA, resulting in worsening of clinical symptoms. Xanthones in mangosteen pericarp have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, potentially as an adjuntive therapy in acute exacerbations of COPD. Methods: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mangosteen pericarp extract to clinical improvements, plasma level of IL-6 and MDA of acute exacerbation COPD patients. A clinical trial of experimental with pretest and posttest was conducted on 34 acute exacerbation of COPD patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta and Dr. Ario Wirawan Lung Hospital Salatiga from April until May 2016. The sample was taken by consecutive sampling. Subjects were divided by randomized double blind technique into the treatment group (n=17) received mangosteen pericarp extract 2x1100mg/day and control group (n = 17) received placebo. Clinical improvements were measured in CAT score and length of stay. CAT score, plasma level of IL-6 and MDA were measured on admission and at discharge. Length of stay based on the number of days of care in hospitals. Results: There was significant difference (p=0,011) towards decreased of IL-6 plasma level between treatment group (-2,17 ± 3,46 pg/ mL) and control group (+1,67 ± 6,81 pg/mL). There were no significant difference towards decreased of length of stay (p=0,34) between treatment group (4,12 ± 1,54 days) and control group (5,24 ± 2,49 days), towards decreased of CAT score (p=0,252) between treatment group (-19,18 ± 3,96) and control group (-18,24 ± 2,75), and towards decreased of MDA plasma level (p=0,986) between treatment group (+0,03 ± 0,36μmol/L) and control group (+0,35 ± 1,58). Conclusions: The addition of mangosteen pericarp extract 2x1100mg/day during hospitalization was significantly lowered plasma levels of IL-6, but were not significant in lowering the CAT score, shortening the length of stay, and reducing the increase in plasma level of MDA.

scholarly journals Antioxidant therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the Far North

2008 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
G. E. Mironova ◽  
E. P. Vasiliev ◽  
B. T. Velichkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Far North ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim of this study was to investigate human antioxidant defense at various COPD stages and to substantiate administration of vitamins C and E as a part of complex treatment of COPD at the Far North. We followed-up 92 COPD patients aged 20 to 50 yrs (of them, 42 males). The control group consisted of 58 healthy persons of 20 to 45 yrs of age. A total blood antioxidant activity (TAA) was detected using G.I.Klebanov's method. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase levels in erythrocyte membrane were assessed with chemiluminescent methods. Lipid peroxide (LPO) activity was measured by malone dialdehyde (MDA) plasma concentration. We also investigated hepatic and renal functions, protein, lipoid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Patients with exacerbation of stage II COPD had increased LPO activity (2.97 ± 0.12 nmol/ml compared to 1.86 ± 0.09 nmol/ml in stable phase and 1.36 ± 0.06 nmol/ml in controls) with TAA increased by 40 %. The stage III COPD patients demonstrated more significant growth of LPO activity (2.04 ± 0.08 nmol/ml in stable phase and 3.44 ± 0.15 nmol/ml in exacerbation; p < 0.05) accompanied by less prominent increase in TAA. Early stages of COPD were characterized by increased levels of antioxidant enzymes (2.44 ± 0.06 μg/g of Hb for SOD and 8.30 ± 0.15 –g/g of Hb for catalase compared to 1.56 ± 0.02 and 7.36 ± 0.10 μg/g Hb in controls). At the later COPD stages, the SOD level was less high and catalase concentration even decreased. COPD patients had increased concentrations of oxyproline (1.76 ± 0.48 g/ml to 2.80 ± 0.50 μg/ml; р<0.05 for both when compared to the controls) and α1-antitripsin (for stage II COPD, 284 ± 47 μg/ml in stable phase and 240 ± 20 μg/ml in exacerbation, for stage III COPD, 245 ± 18 μg/ml and 223 ± 15 μg/ml, respectively). Administration of vitamins C and E 25 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, as a part of a complex therapy of the disease exacerbation resulted in shortening of exacerbation, improvement in clinical status and lung function, TAA activation, and lowering of LPO activity. Therefore, COPD is accompanied by significant activation of oxidantive processes, which depend on the stage and phase of the disease. The results allow including antioxidant vitamins in programs of treatment of COPD to be recommended.

Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Deposition in a Cohort of 57 Patients with Gitelman Syndrome

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emile Chotard ◽  
Anne Blanchard ◽  
Agnès Ostertag ◽  
Augustin Latourte ◽  
Gilles Gailly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Gitelman Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
Salt Wasting ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Objective Gitelman syndrome (GS) is the most frequent salt-wasting genetic tubulopathy and a source of hypokalaemia and hypomagnesemia. Chondrocalcinosis (CC) is a frequent feature of GS. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence, distribution patterns, clinical phenotypes and risk factors of CC in GS. Methods This prospective study of a cohort of 57 patients with GS included a systematic screening for CC by peripheral joint radiography, cervical spine computerized tomography (CT) and joint ultrasonography. The prevalence of cervical C1-C2 CC by CT was compared between 33 GS patients and sex- and age-matched controls. Clinical and biochemical features were analysed to identify factors associated with CC. Results Mean age of patients was 46.5 ± 12.4 years, 66.7% were women, and 93.0% carried SLC12A3 mutations. Mean serum magnesium level was 0.60 ± 0.30 mmol/l. CC was observed in 79% of patients, with the highest prevalence at the cervical spine (81.8%) followed by the knee (52.6%), wrist (50.9%), ankle (38.6%), temporomandibular joint (36.4%), shoulder (33.3%), hip (22.8%), elbow (14.0%) and sclero-choroid (12.1%). Prevalence of CC at the C1-C2 level was higher in the GS cohort than control group (72.7% vs 9.1%) (adjusted odds ratio 21.0, 95% CI 2.8–156.1, p= 0.003). Independent factors associated with CC were low serum magnesium level and age. Conclusion GS was associated with widespread CC, favoured by aging and hypomagnesemia. The C1-C2 level was the most affected site. Follow-up of this unique cohort will help understanding the clinical consequences of CC, especially the precise characterization of pyrophosphate arthropathy.

Effect of phosphate level on the outcome of COPD patients in the Intensive Care Unit

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihan S Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed A El Shebiny ◽  
Mohammed M Maarouf ◽  
Ahmed M Heikal
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Acute Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Abstract Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable ano treatable oisease with some sienificant extra pulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in inoivioual patients. Its pulmonary component is characterizeo by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually proeressive ano is associateo with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lune to noxious particles or eases. Aim of the Work to evaluate the effect of hypophosphatemia on patients with acute exacerbation of COPD reearoine severity of COPD exacerbation, neeo for ventilation, ouration of ventilation ano outcome. Patients and Methods This observational stuoy was performeo on 50 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were aomitteo to intensive care oepartment of Ain Shams University. Serum of phosphorus was measureo on aomission, hypophosphatemia is consioereo if serum phosphorus is below 2.5me/ol. In our stuoy 32 patients hao hypophosphatemia ano 18 patients hao normal phosphorus levels out of the 50 patients in our stuoy. Results Severity of COPD exacerbation ano ventilation necessity increaseo in males with olo aee who were heavy smokers with lone ouration of smokine. Hieh levels of PaCO2 increaseo the neeo for ventilation. Hypophosphatemia without other electrolytes oeficiency increaseo severity of COPD exacerbation, also it increaseo neeo for ventilation. Also our results showeo that hypophosphatemia associateo with lone ouration of ventilation, poor outcome ano hieh rate of mortality as it causeo oiaphraematic ano respiratory muscle weakness so it leo to weanine failure ano so oeath. Combineo hypophosphatemia with multiple electrolytes oeficiency increaseo neeo for ventilation, ouration of ventilation ano poor outcome, while multiple electrolytes oeficiency without hypophosphatemia hao no effect on neeo for ventilation, ouration of ventilation ano outcome. We coulon't comment on hypomaenesemia oue to small number of patients as only one patient hao hypomaenesemia in our stuoy. Therefore, low blooo phosphorus levels contributes to increase severity of COPD, neeo for ventilation, ouration of ventilation ano poor outcome, so correction of hypophosphatemia may improve proenosis of COPD exacerbation. Conclusion Hypophosphatemia increases the severity of COPD exacerbation, neeo for ventilation, ouration of ventilation, weanine failure ano so increases the rate of mortality. Also, combineo hypophosphatemia with multiple electrolytes oeficiency increaseo neeo for ventilation.

scholarly journals Serum Magnesium Level in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
FA Mishu ◽  
MA Muttalib ◽  
S Naher ◽  
R Tabassum ◽  
R Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Group I

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy. GDM is associated with an increased incidence of congenital abnormalities usually aggravated by maternal magnesium deficiency. Magnesium is one of the essential trace elements for normal embryogenesis and foetal growth and its deficiency increases mortality and morbidity rate of mothers, embryos and neonates. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the association of serum magnesium with GDM in second and third trimester of pregnancy. This case-control study was conducted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period from July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the association of serum magnesium with GDM in Bangladeshi women. A total of 172 subjects were recruited in this study; among them eighty six women with GDM were selected as case (Group-I) and eighty six healthy pregnant women were taken as control (Group- II). The cases again were subdivided as Group Ia and Ib at second and third trimester respectively. Controls also were subdivided as Group IIa and IIb at second and third trimester respectively. Student's unpaired 't' test was used to compare the data between groups. For analytical purpose 95% confidence limit (p<0.05) was taken as level of significance. Serum magnesium level was significantly decreased in cases compared to that of controls. It was significantly lowered (p<0.001) in cases Gr-Ia (1.3884±0.255 mg/dl) than controls Gr-IIa (1.6651±0.304 mg/dl) at second trimester. The result was also significantly (p<0.001) lowered when compared between cases Gr-Ib (0.9349±0.145 mg/dl) and controls Gr-IIb (1.6674±0.308 mg/dl) at third trimester. The study shows that serum magnesium level is decreased in pregnancy with GDM. So estimation of serum magnesium level may be done in every GDM cases to reduce the incidence of magnesium related complications by timely intervention.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2016; 9(2): 59-62

scholarly journals Precipitating causes and outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation at a tertiary care center in northeast Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wipa Reechaipichitkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of hospitalization and economic burden. Frequent exacerbations impair quality of life and effect decline of lung function. Objective: We evaluated characteristics of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations. The precipitating causes, outcomes, hospital stay, and cost of admission were also determined. Methods: The study population included COPD patients admitted because of acute COPD exacerbation at Srinagarind Hospital between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2010. Results: Over the 5-year period, 183 patients were admitted. Their mean age was 74.9 (SD 9.28) years and the male to female ratio was 170:13. Most patients (144; 79%) had one exacerbation per year and 39 (21%) had more than one per year. The group with more exacerbations, had a higher stage of the disease than those with only one exacerbation (p = 0.023), but there was no significant difference in the mortality rate (18% vs 14%, p = 0.53). A total of 245 episodes of acute exacerbation of COPD occurred in 183 patients. The mean duration of symptoms was 4.1 (SD 3.46) days. Forty-seven percent presented with Anthonisen type III, 42.4% with Anthonisen type II, and 10.6% with Anthonisen type I exacerbations. For 44 exacerbations (18%), the precipitating causes were not determined. The most common precipitating cause was pneumonia, which occurred in 90 episodes (36.7%). The second common was bronchitis (27.8%); followed by heart failure (8.2%), infected bronchiectasis (5.3%), diarrhea (1.2%), acute urinary retention (0.8%), unstable angina (0.4%), pneumothorax (0.4%), urinary tract infection (0.4%), atrial fibrillation (0.4%) and drug induced cough (0.4%). The organisms responsible for respiratory tract infection were identified in 31% cases of pneumonia and 18% of bronchitis cases. The top three common pathogens for pneumonia were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%), Acinetobacter baumannii (8%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8%). The top three common pathogens for bronchitis were P aeruginosa (7%), Haemophilus influenza (6%), and K pneumoniae (4%). About one quarter (25.3%) of acute exacerbations were complicated by respiratory failure. The mean duration of admission was 17.3 days (range 1-682 days). The mean cost of admission per exacerbation was 80,010 Thai baht (US $2,666) (range, 2,779-3,433,108 baht). The total cost for 245 exacerbations was 19.6 million baht ($653,000). Conclusion: Respiratory tract infections were common causes of COPD exacerbation and one quarter of which developed respiratory failure. Preventive measures such as vaccination, smoking cessation, lung rehabilitation, and appropriate drug use are helpful.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Magnesium Levels with Frequency of Acute Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Gumus ◽  
Muge Haziroglu ◽  
Yilmaz Gunes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Acute Exacerbations

Background. The course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is accompanied by acute exacerbations. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of serum magnesium level with acute exacerbations in COPD (COPD-AE).Materials and Methods. Eighty-nine patients hospitalized with COPD-AE were included. Hemogram, biochemical tests, and arterial blood gases were analyzed. Pulmonary function tests were performed in the stable period after discharge. Patients were followed up at 3 monthly periods for one year.Results. Mean age of the patients was70.4±7.8(range 47–90) years. Mean number of COPD-AE during follow-up was4.0±3.6(range 0–15). On Spearman correlation analysis there were significant negative correlations between number of COPD-AE and predicted FEV1% (P=0.001), total protein (P=0.024), globulin (P=0.001), creatinine (P=0.001), and uric acid levels (P=0.036). There were also significant positive correlations between number of COPD-AE and serum magnesium level (P<0.001) and platelet count (P=0.043). According to linear regression analysis predicted FEV1% (P=0.011), serum magnesium (P<0.001), and globulin (P=0.006) levels were independent predictors of number of COPD-AE.Conclusions. In this small prospective observational study we found that serum magnesium level during exacerbation period was the most significant predictor of frequency of COPD-AE.

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