scholarly journals THE ROLE OF PATRISTICS AND SCHOLASTICISM IN THE FORMATION OF G.P. FEDOTOV'S RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
Сергей Петрович Бельчевичен ◽  
Вадим Борисович Рыбачук ◽  
Ирина Александровна Казанцева
Keyword(s):  
Western Tradition ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Russian Orthodoxy ◽  
Faith And Reason

В статье анализируется влияние патристики и схоластики на эволюцию философского мировоззрения Г.П. Федотова. Важной вехой на этом пути явилось обращение Г.П. Федотова к наследию Августина Блаженного и Абеляра. Под влиянием западной традиции философ окончательно переходит от марксизма к неохристинству, пытаясь соединить веру и разум, синтезировать гуманизм и христианство, сблизить в духе экуменизма Восточную и Западную церковь. Изучение западной традиции во многом способствовало обращению Г.П. Федотова к проблемам агиографии в русском православии. The article examines the influence of patristics and scholasticism on the evolution of G.P. Fedotov's philosophical worldview. Fedotov's appeal to the legacy of St. Augustine and P. Abelard should be considered as a milestone on this path. Under the influence of the Western tradition, Fedotova finally moves from Marxism to neo-Christianity, trying to combine faith and reason, synthesize humanism and Christianity, and bring the Eastern and Western churches closer together in the spirit of ecumenism. The study of Western tradition was largely facilitated by Fedotov's appeal to the problems of hagiography in Russian Orthodoxy.

The Role of Law in Traditional, Nationalist and Communist China

1962 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 124-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Michael
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Western Tradition ◽  
Communist China

Any treatment of such a basic topic as the role of law in China, old or new, becomes meaningful only if it is related to a discussion of the philosophy of law in our own tradition. In order to make an evaluation that brings the Chinese situation into relief, one has to compare, contrast, or relate the role of law at the different stages of China's development with its role in the Western tradition. Since the basic philosophical assumptions, on which all definition and discussion of law are based, are themselves controversial in our own tradition, this is a very hazardous undertaking; but it is crucial to any understanding of China, past and present.

Thomas Aquinas and Contemplation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rik Van Nieuwenhove
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
Beatific Vision ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
Theology And Philosophy ◽  
Key Questions

Contemplation, according to Thomas Aquinas, is the central goal of our life; yet a scholarly study on this topic has not appeared for over seventy years. This book fills that obvious gap. From an interdisciplinary perspective this study considers the epistemological and metaphysical foundations of the contemplative act; the nature of the active and contemplative lives in light of Aquinas’s Dominican calling; the role of faith, charity, and the gifts of the Holy Spirit in contemplation; and contemplation and the beatific vision. Key questions addressed are: What is contemplation? What is truth? How can we know God? How do faith and reason relate to one another? How does Aquinas envisage the relations between theology and philosophy? What role does charity play in contemplation? Throughout this book the author argues that Aquinas espouses a profoundly intellective notion of contemplation in the strictly speculative sense, which culminates in a non-discursive moment of insight (intuitus simplex). In marked contrast to his contemporaries Aquinas therefore rejects a sapiential or affective brand of theology. He also employs a broader notion of contemplation, which can be enjoyed by all Christians, in which the gifts of the Holy Spirit are of central importance. This book should appeal to all those who are interested in this key aspect of Aquinas’s thought. It provides a lucid account of central aspects of Aquinas’s metaphysics, epistemology, theology, and spirituality. It also offers new insights into the nature of the theological discipline as Aquinas sees it, and how theology relates to philosophy.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF “KERAPATAN ADAT NAGARI (KAN)” IN SOLVING THE DISPUTE OF COMMUNAL LAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Faisal Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Land Disputes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Sense Of Justice

According to miankabaunese’s traditional law, when a dispute or disagreement occurs in a community, it is resolved by consensus among members of the clan or clan leaders which ends in the fellowship of local custom assosiation called with “Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN)”. The problem formulation of this research is; what is the role of Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) in resolving communal land (tanah Ulayat) disputes in one of local villager called Kenagarian Bukik Sikumpa, Lima Puluh Kota Regency? and how the efforts of Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) to overcome obstacles in resolving communal land disputes in Kenagarian Bukik Sikumpa, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. The method of the research is an empirical juridical approach. The conclusion of research is that the role of Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) of Bukik Sikumpa of Lima Puluh Kota district is as the mediator any disputes where the provisions of Perda No. 7 of 2018 as the legal basis. This provision declares that every local villagers have to prioritie in conducting local wisdom deliberation as solving problem among the family, community, and tribal levels. Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) acts as an intermediary in resolving disputes if these three domains of local deliberation have been taken by the disputing families. Due to local religious philosophy "Adat basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah", every customari chiefs whether they are members of the Kerapatan Adat Nagari (KAN) or who are not, should increase the sense of justice and be wiser for people's trust restoration.

Faith and Science in Russian Literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-72
Author(s):  
Teresa Obolevitch
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Lev Tolstoy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spiritual Unity

Chapter 6 shows the presence of the topic of the relationship between faith and science in the thought of the most influential literature figures, such as Fedor Dostoevsky and Lev Tolstoy. Although Dostoevsky stressed the role of faith, his account by no means was a mere fideism. Dostoevsky respected natural science, even if he definitively marked the limits of the scientific explanation. Hence, he strove for an integral attitude embracing faith and reason in a single spiritual unity. By contrast, Lev Tolstoy was concerned about the absolute comprehensibility and rational obviousness of Christian truths, yet denied the significance of natural science.

Russian Academic Philosophy

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Teresa Obolevitch
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
Philosophical Investigations ◽  
Academic Philosophy

Chapter 3 is dedicated to the so-called academic philosophy which was a unique Russian phenomenon. Russian theological academies were the place of the development of philosophical investigations, including those connected with the question of the role of science for theology. The proponents of this way of philosophizing elaborated the interesting project of the so-called scientific and natural apologetics which enabled them to protect religion from atheist attacks. Academy professors interpreted particular scientific theories in the spirit of the reconciliation between faith and reason, which they broadcast, although that position often existed at the expense of not abiding by the competence of science and subordinating its facts to the unbending dogmas of Christianity.

Cohen, Hermann (1842–1918)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zank
Keyword(s):  
Major Influence ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Position ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
The Core ◽  
Jewish Thought ◽  
Religion Of Reason ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Hermann Cohen

Hermann Cohen was the founder of the Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism and a major influence on twentieth-century Jewish thought. Die Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums (Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism) (1919) is widely credited with the renewal of Jewish religious philosophy. Cohen’s philosophy of Judaism is inextricably linked with his general philosophical position. But his system of critical idealism in logic, ethics, aesthetics and psychology did not originally include a philosophy of religion. The mainly Protestant Marburg School in fact regarded Cohen’s Jewish philosophy as an insufficient solution to the philosophical problem of human existence and to that of determining the role of religion in human culture. Thinkers who favoured a new, more existentialist approach in Jewish thought, however, saw Cohen’s introduction of religion into the system as a daring departure from the confines of philosophical idealism. Cohen identified the central Jewish contribution to human culture as the development of a religion that unites historical particularity with ethical universality. At the core of this religion of reason is the interdependence of the idea of God and that of the human being. Cohen derives this theme from the Jewish canon through a philosophical analysis based on his transcendental idealism.

Averroism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten Ebbesen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

‘Averroism’, ‘radical Aristotelianism’ and ‘heterodox Aristotelianism’ are nineteenth- and twentieth-century labels for a late thirteenth-century movement among Parisian philosophers whose views were not easily reconcilable with Christian doctrine. The three most important points of difference were the individual immortality of human intellectual souls, the attainability of happiness in this life and the eternity of the world. An ‘Averroist’ or ‘Radical Aristotelian’ would hold that philosophy leads to the conclusions that there is only one intellect shared by all humans, that happiness is attainable in earthly life and that the world has no temporal beginning or end. Averroists have generally been credited with a ‘theory of double truth’, according to which there is an irreconcilable clash between truths of faith and truths arrived at by means of reason. Averroism has often been assigned the role of a dangerous line of thought, against which Thomas Aquinas opposed his synthesis of faith and reason. The term ‘Averroism’ is also used more broadly to characterize Western thought from the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries which was influenced by Averroes, and/or some philosophers’ self-proclaimed allegiance to Averroes.

REASON AND BELIEF IN GOD

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-68
Author(s):  
Roy Clouser
Keyword(s):  
Pope John Paul Ii ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
John Paul Ii ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Real Progress ◽  
Fides Et Ratio

In his article “Fides et Ratio” (Philosophia Reformata 2000, 65: 72-104), Eduardo Echeverria states he is writing out of his concern that since “”¦ the lack of unity among Christians represents the grave obstacle for the proclamation of the gospel, we should take every suitable opportunity to increase the unity of all Christians. The present essay is meant as a contribution toward this goal.” (p.72). The increased unity he has in mind is a reconciliation of the traditional scholastic interpretation of Christian doctrine (which he designates the “TSC”), and the Calvinist tradition (which I will designate the “CT”). More specifically, he seeks a unity between them concerning the relation of faith and reason, that is, the role of reason in belief in God. To this end he compares what he understands of the CT, as represented by Calvin and Dooyeweerd, with the TSC as represented by St Thomas and the encyclical, Fides et Ratio (1998) by Pope John Paul II. In all that follows I will be agreeing with Echeverria that this is, indeed, an important concern and a laudable goal, and I hope that what I offer here in reply to his essay will be taken in that same charitable spirit. So even though I find that Echeverria’s account of the differences between the TSC and the CT is seriously mistaken, I do agree that it would go a long way toward greater cooperation between our two traditions if we could at least agree on what our differences are and work toward resolving them. For that reason I will be more concerned here with clarifying those differences than with arguing for the CT. That does not mean that I will not at times offer brief accounts of why I think the CT is right to differ from the TSC on certain points; it only means that I do not regard the case I will make for these points as anywhere near complete. This brevity is made necessary because I find the misunderstandings of Calvin, and especially of Dooyeweerd, to be so many and so knotted in “Fides et Ratio” as to form a tangled skein that would require more than just one article to unravel. I have also decided that there are so many strands to this skein that for the sake of clarity I will restrict myself to only a few of them. My assumption is that it would be better to make real progress with getting a few key differences in focus, than to end up producing a tangle of my own in an attempt to cover every point raised in Echeverria’s long article. My hope is that the treatment of the points I do cover will be sufficient to indicate how a more thorough untangling would proceed.

A theological reading of Hilary's ‘autobiographical’ narrative in De Trinitate I.1–19

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-262
Author(s):  
Carl Beckwith
Keyword(s):  
Christian Faith ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Faith And Reason ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Hilary Of Poitiers ◽  
Mystery Of God ◽  
Autobiographical Narrative

Hilary of Poitiers begins his treatise De Trinitate with what appears to be an autobiographical narration of his journey to the Christian faith. Scholars, though taking different approaches to explain this narration, have overlooked its significance for Hilary's treatise. In the following essay, I argue that Book I is a reflection on sources of knowledge about God, the role of faith and reason in theological inquiry, the proper approach to scripture, and the soteriological context of any discussion on the mystery of God. These methodological reflections guide the reader through Hilary's treatise and make Book I crucial to understanding his purpose in De Trinitate.

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