scholarly journals A Feature Percolation Convention of Affixation Processes in Urhobo

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Odeh B. E. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Percolation Theory ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Grammatical Class ◽  
New Words ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
Feature Percolation

This paper seeks to examine headedness in affixation processes in Urhobo using a feature percolation approach. Affixation is a rich source of word formation process in the Urhobo language. The specific objectives are to identify affixation processes in Urhobo, investigate how they are used to derive words and determine headedness in the Urhobo language using a feature percolation theory as a framework. This paper reveals three affixation processes in Urhobo, which are prefixes, circumfixes and suffixes. Affixation is a derivational aspect of morphology and it brings about change in the grammatical class of the word or rather, provides additional semantic information to a word. The paper discovers that new words are derived in the language by attaching an affix either at the beginning (prefix), or to the end (suffix) of a word. This process is very productive in the language. The paper reveals that the head of a word using prefix is left-right branching while for suffixes, it is right-left branching. The prefix and suffix attached to a root to form the circumfix project to be the head of a word. The study observes circumfixes to have two heads. Feature percolation theory is also used to determine the head of a word in Urhobo. The paper concludes by recommending further researches on the use of theories especially morphological theories in analysing morphological processes in Urhobo.

scholarly journals SAMMANSÄTTNINGAR I SPRÅKRÅDETS NYORDSLISTOR: PRODUKTIVITET OCH FÖRSTÅELIGHET

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Natalia Kołaczek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
New Words ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Compounding seems to be the most productive word formation process in Swedish on the basis of “new words’ lists” (Swedish: nyordslistor) registered by the Language Council of Sweden (Svenska Språkrådet). The subject of the research was the productiveness of compounds and their comprehensibility for the native speakers. The material for the corpus analysis showing the productivity of compounds consisted of 353 compound words from the lists from years 2000 – 2012. With help of a survey where pupils from a secondary school in Tingsryd in Småland were asked to define 17 compounds from “new words’ list” 2008 a conclusion could be drawn that compound words are short-lived, ephemeral constructions. The analysis has shown the big pace of changes that the lexicon undergoes and the linguistic creativity of language users as well as their strong need to create new terms. The results can evoke questions about the effectiveness of communication in relation to the features of new words. The article is based on my unpublished master’s thesis.

scholarly journals Reduplication in Kurukh: A Study in Word-formation Processes and Vocabulary Acquisition

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Alisha Vandana Lakra ◽  
Md. Mojibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Diachronic Study

Change is the nature of every  living language for better communication. These changes can be phonological, morphological, syntactical and lexical, because of various linguistic affects. The synchronic and diachronic study of language proves that it enriches the vocabulary of the language. Another reason for the enrichment of vocabulary is through morphological word formation process which are mainly inflectional, derivational, compounding and reduplication, etc. Reduplication is implicit to phonological (sounds and prosodic units) and morphological (word constituents) components. It occurs in many languages and helps in the formation of new words. The present study concentrates on the process of reduplication Kurukh and the role of reduplication  in acquiring vocabulary.

scholarly journals Patterns and Meanings of English Words through Word Formation Processes of Acronyms, Clipping, Compound and Blending Found in Internet-Based Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Head Element ◽  
Specific Meaning

This research aims to explore the word-formation process in English new words found in the internet-based media through acronym, compound,  clipping and blending and their meanings. This study applies Plag’s (2002) framework of acronym and compound; Jamet’s (2009) framework of clipping, and Algeo’s framework (1977) in Hosseinzadeh  (2014) for blending. Despite the  formula established in each respective framework,  there could be occurrences  of novelty and modification on how words are formed and  how meaning developed in  the newly formed words. The research shows that well accepted acronyms can become real words by taking lower case and affixation. Some acronyms initialized non-lexical words, used non initial letters, and used letters and numbers that pronounced the same with the words they represent. Compounding also includes numbers as the element member of the compound. The nominal nouns are likely to have metaphorical and idiomatic meanings. Some compounds evolve to new and more specific meaning. The study also finds that back-clipping is the most dominant clipping. In blending, the sub-category clipping of blending, the study finds out that when clipping takes place, the non-head element is back-clipped and the head is fore-clipped.

scholarly journals Deverbal Nominals in Toba Batak Language: A Generative Transformational Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esron Ambarita
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
New Words ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
Toba Batak ◽  
Complex Words ◽  
Deverbal Nominals ◽  
Modified Theory ◽  
Phonological Rules

This paper aims at exploring deverbal nominals in Toba Batak language from the view point of generative transformational study. The theory of generative morphology has predictive power to generate new words. Considering the particular rules of word formation in Toba Batak language, Halle’s theory is modified to be adjusted to Toba Batak morphological system. Two new integrated components, Orthographic and Phonological Rules are added between Halle’s Filter and Dictionary. Therefore, there are six components of sets of generative transformational rules as modified theory in this study, i.e. List of Morphemes, Word Formation Rules, Filter, Orthographic Rules, Phonological Rules, and Dictionary. Data analyses were done using modified theory but they refer to Halle’s model as the main theory. This research applied descriptive qualitative method. The data were obtained by using observation methods and their techniques and interlocution method and its techniques. The collected data are voice-recordings and writings. The research findings comprise that deverbal nominals in Toba Batak language are done by attaching: (1) prefix [par-], (2) prefix [paN-], (3) confix [ha-an], (4) confix [paN-an], (5) confix [paN -on], (6) confix [par-an], (7) affix combination [paηin-], and (8) affix combination [paηun-]. The processes of attaching those affixes generate complex words which have different grammatical and lexical meanings. Morphological processes found in the word formation are phoneme deletion, phoneme assimilation, and phoneme addition. The processes of attaching those affixes bring about semantic and phonological idiosyncrasies, therefore, such words must be processed in filter to generate acceptable words in Toba Batak language.

scholarly journals TYPES OF WORD FORMATION USED IN THE 16th CHAPTER OF HARRY POTTER AND THE SORCERER’S STONE NOVEL WRITTEN BY J. K. ROWLING

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Savira ◽  
Fitrawati Fitrawati
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Words

Word formation is the process of creating new words based on the word itself, or the other words. It means the new words can be created by shortens the words itself, combining them to the other words, add affixes to give grammatical information, etc. The aim of this study is to know the types of word formation used in a literary work, in this case, a novel. The object of this study is the 16th chapter of Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone written by J. K. Rowling. Type of this study is descriptive. The data were analyzed by using O’Grady & Archibald theory about word formation. The result shows that there were 340 words with the frequency 755 times have word formation process. Inflection (64.1%) becomes the most frequently used, and compounding (4.5%) becomes the less frequently used.

scholarly journals Forming new words: Compounds in Devayan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Zulfadli Abdul Aziz ◽  
Bukhari Daud ◽  
Muhammad Wiwin
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Morphological Process ◽  
New Words ◽  
Morphological Processes

As a part of word formation in the morphological process, compounding generally covers the types of words to be combined. This present study seeks the morphological process in forming words through compounding in the Devayan language spoken in Simeulue, Aceh, Indonesia. This study is also to analyze the meaning that occurs from the result of the compounding process. In collecting the data, this research uses the elicitation technique which is constructed by Bowern (2015). The informants of this research are the native Devayan who live in La’ayon, Angkeo, Naibos and Maudil, Teupah Barat sub-district, Simeulue. The research finds that the compounding process in Devayan consists of compounding of two nouns, compounding of noun and verb, compounding of noun and adjective, compounding of verb and adjective, compounding of verb and noun, and compounding of adjective and noun and compounding of two verbs. The result of the process produces some meanings, namely about (1) the product, (2) specific use, (3) time, and (4) condition. This study indicates that Devayan uses various compound words with different morphological processes. It is hoped that this study is beneficial for its natives as documentation and non-native as a reference to compounding formation in the language.

scholarly journals Language change and morphological processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Camiel Hamans
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Change ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
The Moment

AbstractMorphological change is not a result of mechanical, predictable processes, but of the behavior of language users. Speakers reinterpret opaque data in order to assign a more transparent structure to them. Subsequently successful reinterpretation may form the basis of new derivations. The moment such a derivative word formation process becomes productive a language change has taken place. In addition, this paper shows how language change obscures the distinction between separate morphological processes such as compounding and derivation and thus between morphological categories. Moreover, the data under discussion show that there is not a preferred natural direction of language change. Most of the examples are taken from English and Dutch, but also a few French, Frisian, German and Afrikaans data are discussed.

scholarly journals PROSES MORFOLOGIS BAHASA ALAY (MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF ALAY LANGUAGE)

JALABAHASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Dian Khristiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
New Words ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Bahasa merupakan alat untuk berkomunikasi yang bersifat arbitrer. Komunitas alay atau anak layangan menggunakan bahasa alay untuk berkomunikasi di kalangan mereka. Kosakata alay berasal dari bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Inggris yang mereka modifi kasi sehingga terbentuklah kata baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan kata bahasa alay. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, proses morfologis pada bahasa alay adalah singkatan dan akronim, perubahan sebagian vokal dan konsonan, pembalikan susunan fonem, dan pengacuan makna.ABSTRACT Language is a tool for communicating. A language is arbitrary. Alay community using alay language to communicate among them. Alay vocabulary derived from Indonesian and English that they were modifi ed, forming new words. This research uses descriptive method and aims to determine the process of word formation Alay language. Based on the results of the study, morphological processes in language Alay are abbreviations and acronyms, changes in some vowels and consonants, the reversal of the arrangement of phonemes, and that the reference meaning.  

scholarly journals LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING RUǎNAND LíNGPREFIXES

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Julia S. Sukhina ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina V. Leskova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
New Words ◽  
Stage Of Development

At the present stage of development in every sphere of public life and professional sectors there is a necessity in new words including new terms. Consequently, further study of word-formation process becomes particularly urgent. In mass media discourse, Internet-vocabulary words formed by affixation appear more frequently. Neologisms emerge in vocabularies that describe new processes and trends in social, political and economic spheres of life. Recent years are marked by increased interest in the study of affixation. The current paper describes lexical units that are formed by adding prefixes ruan- and ling-. Certain groups of derivatives with the two prefixes were discovered. The results indicate on-going process of ruan- and ling- delexicalizing. Despite unfinished delexicalizing both prefixes are characterized by high productivity of word-formation.

scholarly journals BLEND-O-RAMA: BLENDING IN THE TITLES OF EPISODES OF ANIMATED TELEVISION SERIES FOR CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (48) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Jelena Danilović Jeremić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Television Series ◽  
The Past ◽  
Television Shows ◽  
Key Characteristics

Often defined as a marginal word-formation process whose governing principles remain a matter of controversy, lexical blending has been examined from various perspectives over the past fifty years or so. Lexical blends have thus been described as (mostly) ephemeral linguistic creations, playful and witty, that are likely to occur in popular press, advertising, and product naming (Bryant 1974; Lieber 2010). Although we can nowadays understand the key characteristics of blends, in terms of their semantic, phonological and orthographic features, corpus-based studies of blends associated with particular types of discourse remain scarce. Television discourse is no exception. It has been cited as a rich source of blends (Mattiello 2013; Sams 2016), yet few have hitherto conducted their detailed analysis (cf. Andriani, Moehkardi 2019). Having noticed that blends frequently occur in the titles of episodes of animated television shows for children (e.g. Smeldorado in Inspector Gadget, The Three Smurfketeers in The Smurfs, Pinknic in The Pink Panther), we decided to investigate their structural characteristics. For this purpose, we collected a corpus of approximately 420 blends from the titles of animated series episodes, spanning 1950-2020. The analysis has shown that haplology and hyphenation feature prominently in the collected blends, as well as that several splinters are repeatedly used in their formation.

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