scholarly journals Reduplication in Kurukh: A Study in Word-formation Processes and Vocabulary Acquisition

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Alisha Vandana Lakra ◽  
Md. Mojibur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Diachronic Study

Change is the nature of every  living language for better communication. These changes can be phonological, morphological, syntactical and lexical, because of various linguistic affects. The synchronic and diachronic study of language proves that it enriches the vocabulary of the language. Another reason for the enrichment of vocabulary is through morphological word formation process which are mainly inflectional, derivational, compounding and reduplication, etc. Reduplication is implicit to phonological (sounds and prosodic units) and morphological (word constituents) components. It occurs in many languages and helps in the formation of new words. The present study concentrates on the process of reduplication Kurukh and the role of reduplication  in acquiring vocabulary.

scholarly journals Patterns and Meanings of English Words through Word Formation Processes of Acronyms, Clipping, Compound and Blending Found in Internet-Based Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Rio Rini Diah Moehkardi
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Lower Case ◽  
Head Element ◽  
Specific Meaning

This research aims to explore the word-formation process in English new words found in the internet-based media through acronym, compound,  clipping and blending and their meanings. This study applies Plag’s (2002) framework of acronym and compound; Jamet’s (2009) framework of clipping, and Algeo’s framework (1977) in Hosseinzadeh  (2014) for blending. Despite the  formula established in each respective framework,  there could be occurrences  of novelty and modification on how words are formed and  how meaning developed in  the newly formed words. The research shows that well accepted acronyms can become real words by taking lower case and affixation. Some acronyms initialized non-lexical words, used non initial letters, and used letters and numbers that pronounced the same with the words they represent. Compounding also includes numbers as the element member of the compound. The nominal nouns are likely to have metaphorical and idiomatic meanings. Some compounds evolve to new and more specific meaning. The study also finds that back-clipping is the most dominant clipping. In blending, the sub-category clipping of blending, the study finds out that when clipping takes place, the non-head element is back-clipped and the head is fore-clipped.

scholarly journals Word-Formation Process on COVID-19 Related Terms as Japanese Language Variation

IZUMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
Nadya Inda Syartanti
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Observation Method

This research aims to identify the types of vocabulary in Japanese, to explore the word-formation process, and to analyse the function of COVID-19 related terms conveyed by various content creators on YouTube channels, from Japan and Indonesia. The seven YouTube channel accounts are Aki no Sora (Indonesia), po.n.go_id or Pocket Nihongo (Indonesia), Sakura Pinku (Indonesia), Wagomu (Indonesia), Omoshiroi Nihongo (Japan), Japanese Ammo with Misa (Japan), and Coto Academy (Japan that used as the data source. Data were collected using the observation method and analysed by the distribution method. The results showed that the COVID-19 related terms are dominated by the type of vocabulary kango as the form or type of vocabulary that is most widely used in matching the COVID-19 related term. Among all word-formation processes, the COVID-19 terms in Japanese identified as borrowing, compounding, and multiple processes. However, the multiple word-formation processes are dominated on COVID-19 terms in Japanese. It related to the domination of the type of kango used. From that, there are multiple functions that are included in COVID-19 terms in Japanese, namely disease information, preventive action, symptom, and announcement. Therefore, this research can be contributed to data analysis, which used morphological analysis in Japanese terms.

scholarly journals COMPOUND NOUNS IN GERMAN LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10(78)) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Svitlana Korol
Keyword(s):  
Component Composition ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Regular Growth ◽  
German Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Plural Form ◽  
Compound Nouns ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Relationship Of

The article deals with one of the most common types of word formation in German as word compounding. Compound nouns have become the object of study, as this part of the language leads the way in the formation of new words in this way. The relevance of the research is reinforced by the fact that German compound nouns differ by their multicomponent structure and are in the process of regular growth of their numbers, so they are attracting the attention of Germanists of different generations continuously. The study has examined the nature of the component composition of composites, the types of bonding between components, the types of constituent components, the role of the connecting element, the syllable’s accentuation of components of the compound noun etc. The compound can be built from nouns, adjectives, verbs or an invariable element (prepositions). There is no limit of the number of the associated words. The last word in the compound always determines the gender and plural form of the compound noun. The connectors or linking elements in existing German compound words often correspond to old case endings (e.g., plural, genitive). These endings expressed the relationship of the compound parts to one another. The article considers the causes of the formation of complex nouns. Compounds make the German language more flexible. In general, compounds are used to convey more information in one word and for reasons of language economy. Special attention deserves such a phenomenon as Denglish. This is the mashing of words from the two languages to create new hybrid words.

scholarly journals Blend Words and Their Influence on the Lexicon and Future of English Language

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Laila Othman Baram ◽  
Aram Kamil Noori
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
English Language ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Word Choice ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Basic Point ◽  
New Words

This research studies the widening range of forming and using blend (portmanteau) words in English language. It sheds light on the fact that most blend words are exocentric not only for second language learners but also to natives too, since they have not been listed in English dictionaries. Even if listed; still the continuous process of forming blend words will leave no room to catch up with listing all of them. English nowadays has become the most dominant language and at the same time it has been influenced by some factors as much as it has been influential. In terms of word formation processes especially blending, one can realize how rapidly and unexpectedly new words are coined for new purposes in accordance with daily life needs. In this era of speed; English native speakers, as their nature, do like to economize in their word choice especially in their word formation processes such as blending, acronyms, clipping and all types of abbreviations. In fact, the inevitability of life change as the result of daily life’s needs inventions influences English language in many ways. In addition, the policy of economizing and being selective reflects well on letter choice and word forming processes. In relation to this, the consequences of life change can be noted in studying blend forms in English. Some simple examples are: blunch, chexting, spork, feminar, brinner, brunch, fanzin, hubot, smog, etc. In a nut shell, the research states the inevitable and intriguing change of English words in the process of blending in which two or more words are cut and mixed together to form a new form, called a blend word. One basic point here is that a blend word is not simply one word; brinner as an example is formed from three other words (breakfast + lunch + dinner) to describe a situation in which you just have one meal instead of the three. Most of blend words have not so far been listed in English dictionaries. So this continuous process of forming new words does a great change to English vocabularies now and in the upcoming years.

Appositive compounds in dialectal and sociolinguistic varieties of French

2020 ◽  
pp. 326-346
Author(s):  
Brigitte L. M. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Different Types

Over the last 100 years, appositive compounding—combining two nouns in apposition—has become one of the most productive word formation processes in French. In an attempt to account for this dramatic spread and building on existing diachronic research, this article examines the occurrence of appositive compounds in non-standard French during the twentieth century, in a number of Gallo-Romance dialects and in Poilu, a sociolect from the early twentieth century, bringing together historical, dialectal, and sociolinguistic data. Analysis includes the identification of the different types of appositive compound and their underlying structure. Moreover word order patterns and their potential geographic correlates will be investigated as well as the role of metaphors and metonymy. Data reflecting geographic variation and sociolinguistic stratification will thus help to determine what factors were at play in the expansion of appositive compounding in contemporary French.

scholarly journals SAMMANSÄTTNINGAR I SPRÅKRÅDETS NYORDSLISTOR: PRODUKTIVITET OCH FÖRSTÅELIGHET

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Natalia Kołaczek
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
New Words ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Compounding seems to be the most productive word formation process in Swedish on the basis of “new words’ lists” (Swedish: nyordslistor) registered by the Language Council of Sweden (Svenska Språkrådet). The subject of the research was the productiveness of compounds and their comprehensibility for the native speakers. The material for the corpus analysis showing the productivity of compounds consisted of 353 compound words from the lists from years 2000 – 2012. With help of a survey where pupils from a secondary school in Tingsryd in Småland were asked to define 17 compounds from “new words’ list” 2008 a conclusion could be drawn that compound words are short-lived, ephemeral constructions. The analysis has shown the big pace of changes that the lexicon undergoes and the linguistic creativity of language users as well as their strong need to create new terms. The results can evoke questions about the effectiveness of communication in relation to the features of new words. The article is based on my unpublished master’s thesis.

Semantic niches and analogy in word formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hüning
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
New Words ◽  
Contrastive Linguistics ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Difficult Terrain

Word formation, like other lexical phenomena, seems to be a difficult terrain for contrastive linguistics since it hardly allows for significant and insightful generalizations about the differences between two languages, as has been stated in the literature more than once. This paper investigates one factor leading to morphological differences and contrasts between historically related languages (Dutch and German). It is argued that word formation processes often show semantic fragmentation: in the course of time they develop ‘semantic niches’, i.e. groups of words (subsets of a morphological category) kept together by formal and semantic criteria and extendable via analogy. When looking at word formation from a contrastive point of view, these niches seem to allow for better generalizations in terms of systematic correspondences and differences between two languages than the category as a whole. As a consequence, productivity should not be seen as an absolute notion, but rather as a local and gradual phenomenon. Morphology should not only account for the possibility of coining new words but also for their probability, because language comparison shows that even allegedly equivalent word formation processes often differ with respect to the probability of their use. The paper therefore argues in favour of an analogy approach that takes the existence of semantic niches seriously.

A morphosemantic investigation of term formation processes in English and Spanish

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Fernández-Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Driven by a shortage of studies on the morphosemantics of word-formation from a contrastive perspective, this article examines 200 English and Spanish terms from the olive oil industry with the aim of shedding light on their linguistic nature. This is achieved by use of a corpus which makes it possible to retrieve the units and their contexts from specialised texts. Besides considering the derivational features of the relevant terminogenesic processes, this investigation considers their semantic characteristics and connects the terms’ formal and meaning aspects. This, in turn, allows observing the close relationship between morphology and semantics in terminological spheres, which is directly linked with the role of these units as a tool for specialised communication. Once the morphosemantic features of the terms have been fully accounted for in English and Spanish individually, a comparison is drawn between the two languages in order to spot and describe similarities and differences.

scholarly journals The Role of Morphology in English Vocabulary Teaching

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Yajie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Vocabulary Acquisition ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Morphological Theory

Vocabulary is the most important factor in language composition. Guiding English learners to acquire English vocabulary is an important task. Based on the morphological theory, this research starts from the internal structure of the word and tries to explore the rules of word formation in English vocabulary in order to provide some useful enlightenment for English vocabulary acquisition.

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