scholarly journals Feminism as seen in juana, the secondary character of john steinbeck’s the pearl

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Heribertus Binawan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Secondary Character ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sociocultural Approach ◽  
Close Relationship

This study is intended to find out feminism in Juana, the secondary character of Steinbeck’s “The Pearl”. There are two problems that became the basis questions: (1) how is Juana characterized? (2) how is feminism revealed in Juana? To obtain the answers to the two questions above, a library study was carried out. It is done by studying the information and sources which were picked from referential books and studies of Steinbeck’s work. Sociocultural approach is applied to analyze the story, since the problems have close relationship with people and their ideas of feminism. Social, cultural, and historical background is the factors that people’s characteristics and build the ideas of feminism. Based on the result of analysis of the story, there are four points that can be concluded. First, the study on The Pearl has shown that Juana represents woman’s struggles in the family. Second, there is a contrast between Kino and Juana. In contrast to the savage and brutal Kino, Juana retains the human qualities. Third, Juana’s feminism can be seen through her bravery to speak her idea about the pearl. Fourth, Juana’s feminism has made the story of The Pearl becomes full of conflicts. 

Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-386
Author(s):  
SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽  
SERDAR SAK ◽  
ALP ALPER ◽  
SERDAR SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nicobar Island ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia.                 It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.  

Morphology of a unique ophidiid, Hypopleuron caninum Radcliffe 1913 (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae, Neobythitinae), suggesting a close relationship with the family Carapidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4521 (4) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
SHINPEI OHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Osteological and myological characters of the ophidiid Hypopleuron caninum are described here in detail. In addition to well-known characters of Ophidiidae (e.g., anal-fin origin well posterior to dorsal-fin origin; barbel-like pelvic fin; many scales), many unique or rare conditions were also recognized, including predorsal bone and maxilla condition, and canine teeth on the premaxilla, which were suggestive of a relationship with Carapidae. Furthermore, the predorsal bone appear to be homologous with the vexillar support, a carapid synapomorphy. Although several characters differ from carapid counterparts (e.g., more anterior anal-fin origin and scales absent in Carapidae), some intermediate conditions between Ophidiidae and Carapidae are apparent in Hypopleuron caninum, which may therefore occupy an intermediate phylogenetic position between the two families. A unique morphology of small second infraorbital bone is recognized in all ophidiiform species observed in this study, and it may be a synapomorphic character of the order Ophidiiformes. 

Comparative study of experienced and anticipated stigma in Serbia and the world

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivona Milačić Vidojević ◽  
Dragana Ðurić Jočić ◽  
Oliver Tošković
Keyword(s):  
International Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Anticipated Stigma

Aim: The presented study is part of the International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes (INDIGO) conducted in 28 countries. The aim of this study was to compare the degree of experienced and anticipated stigma of patients with schizophrenia in Serbia with world results. Method: The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) was applied in individual interviews. The sample comprised 732 subjects of the main study and 50 subjects from Serbia. Results: The amount of negative experienced discrimination in Serbia is the same as in other participating countries. The Serbian sample shows more negative discrimination in intimate relationships, personal safety and general harm due to the diagnosis, but more positive discrimination within the family, privileges during treatment of somatic illnesses, and benefits enjoyed in social and retirement insurance. The Serbian sample shows less anticipated discrimination in looking for a close relationship and in stopping self from applying for work. The results show that socio-demographic variables could not predict negative experienced and anticipated discrimination, while those same variables enable the prediction of 34% of positive discrimination. Conclusion: Compared to other investigated countries, stigmatization processes for persons with schizophrenia do not differ considerably in Serbia, which justifies the implementation of unique anti-stigma programmes and joint upgrading of legal regulations.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and morphology of genus Nephrocytium (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUDONG LIU ◽  
HUAN ZHU ◽  
BENWEN LIU ◽  
GUOXIANG LIU ◽  
ZHENGYU HU
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The genus Nephrocytium Nägeli is a common member of phytoplankton communities that has a distinctive morphology. Its taxonomic position is traditionally considered to be within the family Oocystaceae (Trebouxiophyceae). However, research on its ultrastructure is rare, and the phylogenetic position has not yet been determined. In this study, two strains of Nephrocytium, N. agardhianum Nägeli and N. limneticum (G.M.Smith) G.M.Smith, were identified and successfully cultured in the laboratory. Morphological inspection by light and electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed to explore the taxonomic position. Ultrastructure implied a likely irregular network of dense and fine ribs on the surface of the daughter cell wall that resembled that of the genus Chromochloris Kol & Chodat (Chromochloridaceae). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Nephrocytium formed an independent lineage in the order Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae) with high support values and a close phylogenetic relationship with Chromochloris. Based on combined morphological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic data, we propose a re-classification of Nephrocytium into Sphaeropleales, sharing a close relationship with Chromochloris.

Why Two Jurisdictions? Some Aspects of the Historical Context of the Decision to Maintain Separate Courts for Married and Unmarried Parents in Relation to Parental Rights in Victoria

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Stephanie Charlesworth
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Parental Rights ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
State's Rights ◽  
Professional People

Many professional people working with families are frustrated by the fact that there is still a marked differentiation made between children of married parents and children of non-married parents in the courts. This division has persisted in spite of legislation to remove the status of illegitimacy and the reasons for this are far from obvious to those who are not lawyers. This paper traces the historical background of this split in jurisdiction between State and Federal Courts (i.e., the Family Court) and concludes that it is based on an anachronistic view of State’s rights which no social group or political party would support today.

Vīs-u-Rāmīn—III

1954 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Minorsky
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Military

In my articles on Fakhr al-dīn Gurgānl's poem Vīs-u-Rāmīn 1 I made a point of its realistic geographical and historical background which, in my opinion, connects it with the Arsacid tradition. One of the important places in the story is the castle of Gūrāb in which the heroine Vis was kept and which belonged to the family of her future rival Gul. Muslim geographers still referred to this place lying at the junction of the roads from Hamadān and Nihāvand to Karaj, and Gūrāb is mentioned in the course of the military operations of the Seljuk Sulḍān Mas'ūd (towards 541/1146), see Rāḥal al-ṣudūr, 242. In more recent times its titles to distinction had been forgotten.

The Boothiaspidinae, a new agnathan subfamily (Heterostraci, Cyathaspididae) from the late Silurian and Early Devonian of the western United States and the Canadian Arctic

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1212-1224
Author(s):  
David K. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Three New Species

AbstractThree new species of the new genus Phyllonaspis are described from Early Devonian localities in the western United States. Phyllonaspis laevis, P. serratus, and P. taphensis are broad, flattened cyathaspids with lateral brims and fine dermal ornament, that show a close relationship to the cyathaspids Boothiaspis and Alainaspis from the late Silurian and Early Devonian of the Canadian Arctic. These taxa are here accommodated within the new subfamily Boothiaspidinae within the family Cyathaspididae. This relationship supports previous evidence of faunal connection between these two areas and indicates dispersal around the Old Red Sandstone Continent from a center in the Canadian Arctic. Isolated oral plates allow a reconstruction of the oral cover and increase our knowledge of the range of oral structures in this family.

Small-subunit rRNA gene sequences from representatives of selected families of the Gigartinales and Rhodymeniales (Rhodophyta). 1. Evidence for the Plocamiales ord.nov.

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1250-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Saunders ◽  
G. T. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Nucleotide sequences of the nuclear, small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNAs, as inferred from polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified products, are presented for Areschougia congesta (Turner) J. Agardh (Solieriaceae), Dasyphloea insignis Montagne (Dumontiaceae), Sarcothalia crassifolia (C. Agardh) Edyvane & Womersley (Gigartinaceae), Nizymenia australis Sonder (Nizymeniaceae), Phacelocarpus peperocarpos (Poiret) Wynne, Ardré & Silva (Phacelocarpaceae), Plocamiocolax pulvinata Setchell, Plocamium angustum (J. Agardh) J.D. Hooker, Plocamium cartilagineum (Linnaeus) Dixon (Plocamiaceae), Rhodymenia linearis J. Agardh (Rhodymeniaceae), and Sphaerococcus coronopifolius Stackhouse (Sphaerococcaceae). Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU sequences between the Plocamiaceae and members of the Sphaerococcaceae, Phacelocarpaceae, and Nizymeniaceae, with which the Plocamiaceae has been associated historically, show SSU differences of between 87 and 105 nucleotides and do not indicate a close relationship. A review of anatomical knowledge of the Plocamiaceae and Pseudoanemoniaceae and new information on vegetative and tetrasporangial development in Plocamium and Plocamiocolax are presented to buttress a case for the Plocamiales ord.nov. Representatives of the Nizymeniaceae and Phacelocarpaceae differ from one another by only nine nucleotides, suggesting that these two taxa are very closely related and perhaps not distinct at the family rank. Key words: Gigartinales, PCR, phylogeny, Plocamiales ord.nov., Pseudoanemoniaceae, Rhodophyta, small-subunit rRNA, systematics.

Flavonoid chemistry of Calyceraceae

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1962-1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Bohm ◽  
Alan Reid ◽  
Melanie DeVore ◽  
Tod F. Stuessy
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Quercetin Glycosides ◽  
Flavonoid Chemistry

Flavonoid profiles were determined for 11 species representing five genera of Calyceraceae: Acicarpha, Boöpis, Calycera, Gamocarpha, and Nastanthus. Kaempferol, quercetin, 6-methoxykaempferol, and 6-methoxyquercetin (patuletin) were unequivocally identified. Kaempferol and quercetin occurred as 3-O-mono- and 3-O-diglycosides, whereas the latter two flavonols were observed only as aglycones. Several unidentified phenolic compounds were also noted. The simplest profile in the family consisted solely of the kaempferol and quercetin glycosides in Acicarpha, Gamocarpha, and one specimen of Calycera leucanthema. Morphological evidence suggests that Acicarpha represents prototypical Calyceraceae and that a close relationship exists between primitive Calyceraceae and some basal members of Asteraceae (subfamily Barnadesioideae). This last possibility is reinforced by the similarity of flavonoid profiles of Acicarpha and members of Barnadesioideae. Key words: Calyceraceae, Asteraceae, Compositae, Barnadesioideae, flavonoids.

scholarly journals Characterization ofHalorubrum sfaxensesp. nov., a New Halophilic Archaeon Isolated from the Solar Saltern of Sfax in Tunisia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Trigui ◽  
Salma Masmoudi ◽  
Céline Brochier-Armanet ◽  
Sami Maalej ◽  
Sam Dukan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Solar Saltern ◽  
Halophilic Archaeon ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Extremely Halophilic Archaeon

An extremely halophilic archaeon, strain ETD6, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in Sfax, Tunisia. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate was phylogenetically related to species of the genusHalorubrumamong the familyHalobacteriaceae, with a close relationship toHrr. xinjiangense(99.77% of identity). However, value for DNA-DNA hybridization between strain ETD6 andHrr.xinjiangensewere about 24.5%. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.1 mol% (T(m)). Strain ETD6 grew in 15–35% (w/v) NaCl. The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 20–55°C and 6–9, respectively. Optimal growth occurred at 25% NaCl, 37°C, and pH 7.4. The results of the DNA hybridization againstHrr. xinjiangenseand physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain ETD6 from otherHrr.species. Therefore, strain ETD6 represents a novel species of the genusHalorubrum, for which the nameHrr. sfaxensesp. nov. is proposed. The Genbank EMBL-EBI accession number is GU724599.

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