Comparative study of experienced and anticipated stigma in Serbia and the world

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivona Milačić Vidojević ◽  
Dragana Ðurić Jočić ◽  
Oliver Tošković
Keyword(s):  
International Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Positive Discrimination ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Anticipated Stigma

Aim: The presented study is part of the International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes (INDIGO) conducted in 28 countries. The aim of this study was to compare the degree of experienced and anticipated stigma of patients with schizophrenia in Serbia with world results. Method: The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) was applied in individual interviews. The sample comprised 732 subjects of the main study and 50 subjects from Serbia. Results: The amount of negative experienced discrimination in Serbia is the same as in other participating countries. The Serbian sample shows more negative discrimination in intimate relationships, personal safety and general harm due to the diagnosis, but more positive discrimination within the family, privileges during treatment of somatic illnesses, and benefits enjoyed in social and retirement insurance. The Serbian sample shows less anticipated discrimination in looking for a close relationship and in stopping self from applying for work. The results show that socio-demographic variables could not predict negative experienced and anticipated discrimination, while those same variables enable the prediction of 34% of positive discrimination. Conclusion: Compared to other investigated countries, stigmatization processes for persons with schizophrenia do not differ considerably in Serbia, which justifies the implementation of unique anti-stigma programmes and joint upgrading of legal regulations.

scholarly journals Life-Changing Experiences of Mothers with School-Age Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on Their Health Risk Perceptions and Health-Related Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4523
Author(s):  
Hye Jin Yoo ◽  
JaeLan Shim ◽  
Namhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Prevention Methods

This study aimed to explore health risk perceptions, changes in health-related behaviors, and life experiences of mothers with school-age children during the early coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Data were collected between 16 July and 10 September 2020, by individual interviews and analyzed through qualitative content analysis. After the twelve participants’ experiences were analyzed, four themes and ten sub-themes were derived. The four themes were: “Struggling to identify the substance of COVID-19,” “Taking the initiative to protect the health of the family,” “Frustrated by the brutal reality of no end in sight,” and “Trying to adjust wisely to an inevitable new lifestyle.” The findings suggest that while the world remains in an ongoing battle with COVID-19, national health institutions should prepare a health education system for specific infection prevention methods that can be practiced by individuals in daily life.

scholarly journals Patients’ Perspectives about Lifestyle Behaviors and Health in the Context of Family Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study in Portugal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2981
Author(s):  
Rosália Páscoa ◽  
Andreia Teixeira ◽  
Micaela Gregório ◽  
Rosa Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Martins
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family

Lifestyle interventions are recognized as essential in the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases. Previous studies have shown that Portuguese patients tend to give more importance to diagnostic and laboratory tests than to lifestyle measures, and seem unaware that behavioral risks are the main modifiable risk factors. The study aimed to analyze patients’ perspectives about lifestyle behaviors and health in the context of family medicine in Portugal. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Portugal (the mainland). A total of 900 Portuguese patients aged ≥20 years, representative of the population, were surveyed using face-to-face questionnaires. Participants were selected by the random route method. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were performed to evaluate differences between the personal beliefs and the personal behavior self-assessment, as well as between the level of importance given to the family doctor to address health behaviors and the reported approach implemented by the family doctor, and its association with bio-demographic variables. The results indicate that the vast majority of this Portuguese cohort has informed beliefs regarding lifestyle behaviors, tends to overestimate their own behavior self-assessment, and strongly agrees that it is important that their family doctor asks/advises on these lifestyle behaviors, although the proportion of those who totally agree that their family doctor usually does this is significantly lower. Differences concerning bio-demographic variables were found. Future research directions should focus on the politics, economics, and policy aspects that may have an impact in this area. It will also be important to understand more broadly the relationships between lifestyle behaviors and clinical, physical, and sociodemographic variables.

Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-386
Author(s):  
SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽  
SERDAR SAK ◽  
ALP ALPER ◽  
SERDAR SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nicobar Island ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia.                 It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.  

Morphology of a unique ophidiid, Hypopleuron caninum Radcliffe 1913 (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae, Neobythitinae), suggesting a close relationship with the family Carapidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4521 (4) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
SHINPEI OHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Osteological and myological characters of the ophidiid Hypopleuron caninum are described here in detail. In addition to well-known characters of Ophidiidae (e.g., anal-fin origin well posterior to dorsal-fin origin; barbel-like pelvic fin; many scales), many unique or rare conditions were also recognized, including predorsal bone and maxilla condition, and canine teeth on the premaxilla, which were suggestive of a relationship with Carapidae. Furthermore, the predorsal bone appear to be homologous with the vexillar support, a carapid synapomorphy. Although several characters differ from carapid counterparts (e.g., more anterior anal-fin origin and scales absent in Carapidae), some intermediate conditions between Ophidiidae and Carapidae are apparent in Hypopleuron caninum, which may therefore occupy an intermediate phylogenetic position between the two families. A unique morphology of small second infraorbital bone is recognized in all ophidiiform species observed in this study, and it may be a synapomorphic character of the order Ophidiiformes. 

scholarly journals Who are the victims of peer violence?

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-168
Author(s):  
Tanja Nedimovic ◽  
Miklos Biro
Keyword(s):  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Peer Violence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Criterion Variables

Peer violence is a very current problem in schools. There are plenty of studies on the characteristics of perpetrators, while the characteristics of victims have been explored much less frequently. This research was aimed at determining the factors from the domain of upbringing and socio-demographic characteristics of the victims that contribute to the exposure to peer violence. The total sample comprised 504 primary school students. In order to determine the effect of victimological factors, hierarchical regression analysis was performed. The data obtained by the Questionnaire measuring the manifestation forms and frequency of peer violence were processed by factor analysis, which yielded the following three factors of exposure to peer violence: direct, manipulative and social. Factor scores on these factors were used as criterion variables. In the first step, the variable of gender was entered into the regression, the second set included three socio-demographic variables, and the third set of variables comprised parental upbringing styles and violent behavior in the family. The cold upbringing style of the mother was identified as an important predictor for the exposure to direct peer violence; for the exposure to manipulative peer violence - the cold upbringing attitude of the father and mother; and for the exposure to social peer violence - gender (female) and the cold upbringing attitude of the father. The results are discussed in the context of pedagogical implications of the research, i.e. the guidelines for designing prevention programmes in schools focused on enhancing parental educational competences and students? social skills.

Views of family carers to the future accommodation and support needs of their relatives with intellectual disabilities

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy McConkey ◽  
Jayne McConaghie ◽  
Owen Barr ◽  
Paul Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Supported Accommodation ◽  
The Family ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

AbstractObjectives: The demand for places in supported accommodation is likely to rise due to the increasing longevity of people with intellectual disabilities and as their parents become unavailable or unable to care for them. However few attempts have been made to ascertain carer's views on alternative accommodation.Method: Four studies were undertaken in Northern Ireland to ascertain carer's views using three different methods. In all, 387 carers participated with the response being greatest for individual interviews conducted in the family home and least for self-completed questionnaires and attendance at group meetings.Results: The majority of carers envisaged the person continuing to be cared for within the family. The most commonly chosen out-of-home provision was in residential or nursing homes, living with support in a house of their own and in homes for small groups of people. Few carers chose living with another family. However only small numbers of carers envisaged alternative provision being needed in the next two years and few had made any plans for alternative living arrangements.Conclusions: The implications for service planning are noted, primarily the need for individual reviews of future needs through person-centred planning; improved information to carers about various residential options and their differential benefits, along with more services aimed at improving the quality of life of people living with family carers. These need to be underpinned by a commitment of statutory agencies to partnership working with family carers. The implications for mental health services are noted.

Evaluation of depression and anxiety, and their relationship with insomnia, nightmare and demographic variables in medical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s853-s853
Author(s):  
S.A. Haji Seyed Javadi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Age Range

IntroductionResearches showed comorbidity of sleep disorders and mental disorders.Objectives and aimsThe current study aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety and their relationship with insomnia, nightmare and demographic variables in the medical students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2015.MethodThe study population included 253 medical students with the age range of 18–35 years. Data were gathered using Beck depression inventory, Kettle anxiety, and insomnia and nightmare questionnaires and were analyzed by proper statistical methods.ResultsAmong the participants, 126 (49.6%) subjects had depression and 108 (42.5%) anxiety. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among the subjects with lower family income was significantly higher (Chi2 = 6.75, P = 0.03 for depression and Х2 = 27.99, P < 0.05 for anxiety). There was a close relationship between depression with sleep-onset difficulty, difficulty in awakening and daily sleep attacks, and also between anxiety with sleep-onset difficulty and daily tiredness (P < 0.05). In addition, there was a close relationship between depression and anxiety with nightmare; 16.2% of the subjects with depression and 26.5% of the ones with anxiety experienced nightmares.ConclusionResults showed a relationship between nightmare, insomnia and level of family income with increasing depression and anxiety in the medical students; hence, due to the importance of medicine in human life, it is necessary to evaluate the mental health of medical students, identify and solve the relative problems such as anxiety, depression and related symptoms such as insomnia and nightmare in them.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

A study to Assess the Psychosocial Issues Associated with Covid-19 Pandemic among the Family Members of Third year B.Sc. Nursing Students in selected Colleges of Pathanamthitta District

2021 ◽  
pp. 417-419
Author(s):  
Aleena Thomas ◽  
Anagha KV ◽  
Febin Irshad ◽  
Jyothilakshmi Jyothilakshmi ◽  
Kripa Chinnu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychosocial Issues ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The Family

Background: In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that Covid-19 is characterized as pandemic. It is a major health crisis affecting several nations. The crisis generates stresses throughout the population. This pandemic condition is leading the public to experience psychosocial problems such as post- traumatic stress disorders, psychological distress, depression and anxiety. Objectives: 1. To assess the psychosocial issues of family members of third year BSc nursing students regarding the covid-19 pandemic. 2. To find out the association between the psychosocial issues with demographic variables. 3. To implement psychosocial education to overcome the psychosocial issues related to covid -19 pandemic. Methodology: A Non-experimental descriptive survey design was used to assess the perceived psychosocial issues associated with COVID-19 pandemic among the family members. The study was conducted among 50 samples selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria through random sampling technique. The data was collected by using a baseline data questionnaire. The data were collected, tabulated and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square test was used to find out the association between selected demographic variables and psychological issues. Results: In the present study, the finding shows that the 76% of the parents have moderate impact on daily life style. 64% of parents have a mild impact on finance. 61% of the parents have mild insomnia. 60% of the parents have moderate level of anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The study concludes that psychosocial issues are a common phenomenon among the parents and grandparents.

scholarly journals Childhood Cancer: Meanings Attributed to the Disease by Parent Caregivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (55) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Manuel Quintana ◽  
Shana Hastenpflug Wottrich ◽  
Valeri Pereira Camargo ◽  
Evandro de Quadros Cherer
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
The Family

This study aimed to comprehend the meanings that parents/caregivers of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer attribute to their child’s disease. It is a qualitative, exploratory/descriptive study. Data were collected through group discussions and individual interviews with the parents/caregivers of children/adolescents and categorized using content analysis. The impressions of the researchers were recorded in a field diary, contributing to the data analysis. The results indicate that the disease and treatment involve periods of psychological suffering that affect the family structure. Cancer was reported as a real enemy to be fought through coping or avoidance, which generates expectations about the future and causes feelings of fear, as well as hope. It was concluded that the childhood cancer causes repercussions in the family relationships, the recognition of which can contribute to both the preparation of professional teams who work with this population, as well as the public health policies developed.

scholarly journals The coexistence center for elderly people and its importance in the support to the family and the Health Care Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Maria Derhun ◽  
Giovana Aparecida de Souza Scolari ◽  
Vivian Carla de Castro ◽  
Maria Aparecida Salci ◽  
Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi Baldissera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Care Network ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Health Care Network ◽  
Set Up

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of relatives of elderly people about the coexistence center and its importance in supporting the Health Care Network. Methodology: A qualitative study carried out with 14 relatives of elderly people participating in a coexistence center. Data collection took place in January 2016 through individual interviews, which were recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis. The results were discussed in the light of the theoretical referential of health promotion. Results: The elderly's participation in the coexistence center was an alternative to support care and institutionalization, provided time for self-care and to maintain or engage in the formal labor market and positively influenced the family relationships. Conclusion: The coexistence center was set up as a health promotion institution, being jointly responsible for the care of the elderly with the Health Care Network and the families.

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