scholarly journals Content of vitamine C metabolites in rats organs at acute blood loss

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Acute Blood Loss ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Vitamine C ◽  
Acid Metabolites ◽  
Oxidative Processes

There has been studied the effect of acute blood loss, which was modeled by a single loss of 30% of the circulating blood, on the fluctuations in the content of ascorbic (AA), dehydroascorbic (DAA), diketogulonic (DKGA) acid and their sum in the organs of rats in dynamics for the fifth, twelfth, nineteenth and twenty-sixth days after the blood loss. Acute blood loss caused a significant decrease in the content of all parameters of the system of metabolites of ascorbic acid – their sum, AA, DAA and DKGA – by 10–73 % compared to the control. The most significant decrease was in the content of AA, which was not restored in all organs until the end of the study period. The DAA content in all organs increased from the 12th day, and then decreased during the experiment. The content of the DKGA increased from the 19th day of the experiment. At the same time, it was found that on 26th day in the kidneys, the DAA content exceeded the control value by 42%, and the content of DKGA in the liver and blood – by 25–60 %. The content of the amount of ascorbic acid metabolites at the end of the experiment was almost restored, but this recovery occurred in various ways: in the kidneys – due to an increase in the DAA content, in other organs – by increasing the concentration of DKGA. The parts of AA from the sum of acids (in %) after blood loss significantly decreased, starting from the 5th day, and the process of its recovery began to occur only after the 19th day. The ratio of the amount of the vitamin component of the acids of the ascorbic acid system to the content of the non-vitamin DKGA was increased in the kidneys on the 12th and 26th days of the experiment, in other organs this index decreased 2.3–3.1 times in comparison with the control. The obtained data can be explained by the increased consumption of ascorbic acid to neutralize the effects of the intensification of oxidative processes under oxidative stress, which were activated by the action of acute blood loss, due to its reversible conversion to dehydroascorbic acid, and the latter irreversibly to diketogulonic acid.

scholarly journals Concentration-Dependent Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Activity of Ascorbic Acid in Chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
Nadežda Berzina ◽  
Jurijs Markovs ◽  
Mirdza Apsīte ◽  
Svetlana Vasiļjeva ◽  
Galina Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The effects of ascorbic acid supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress, cadmium accumulation in organs, immune system activity and kidney function in chickens were investigated. The treatment groups of chickens were fed either plain diet or diet supplemented with ascorbic acid at 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg for four weeks. Liver and kidney tissues were assayed for cadmium concentration, and the hepatic levels of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA; the oxidised form), malondialdehyde, glutathione, activity of glutathione peroxidase, blood serum uric acid, creatinine, lysozyme and circulating immune complexes were measured. Supplementation with a high dose of ascorbic acid (1000 and 2000 mg/kg in the diet) caused an imbalance between pro-oxidative and antioxidative activities, and induced a suppressive effect on innate immunity. The results suggest that oxidative stress compromises renal function. We observed that ascorbic acid increased cadmium accumulation in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Clinical efficiency of antioxidant therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and acute blood loss

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
D. A. Evseenko ◽  
Z. A. Dundarov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Acute Blood Loss ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Clinical Efficiency

Objective: to determine the clinical efficiency of antioxidant therapy in patients with liver cirrhosis and acute blood loss.Material and methods. The study included 286 patients with liver cirrhosis and acute blood loss of varying degrees of severity. The patients were divided into two series of studies. In the first series, the patients received the therapy according to the clinical diagnostic and treatment protocols, in the second series 1 according to the same protocols in combination with an intravenous administration of the antioxidant complexes “Reamberin” and “Fluimucil”. After 48 hours from admission, the antioxidant status of blood serum, the blebbing index of lymphocytes, the concentration of uric acid, and the level of hemoglobin were analyzed. The indicators of the clinical efficiency of the treatment were determined: risk of absolute mortality, risk of relative mortality, the number needed to treat.Results. The blood serum of the patients from the first series of studies was characterized by pronounced prooxidant activity, high values of the lymphocyte blebbing index, and a small amount of uric acid, which was indicative of the development of oxidative stress. The mortality rate in this series of studies was 26.0 %. The patients of the second series of studies were characterized by pronounced antioxidant activity of blood serum, low values of the lymphocyte blebbing index, and high concentrations of uric acid, which indicated a decrease in the activity of systemic oxidation processes. The mortality rate in this series of studies was 18.2 %. The duration of the treatment decreased from 16.5 days (first series) to 13.0 days (second series).Conclusion. The combined use of the “Reamberin” and “Fluimucil” complexes as part of the therapy according to the clinical diagnostic and treatment protocols leads to a relief of oxidative stress in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by acute blood loss. The blood serum of these patients is characterized by pronounced antioxidant activity, low values of the lymphocyte blebbing index, and a high concentration of uric acid, which reduces the risk for the development of multiple organ failure syndrome. This therapy decreases the mortality rate to 18.2 % and the duration of the treatment to 13.0 days.

The ascorbic acid system in seeds: to protect and to serve

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario C. De Tullio ◽  
Oreste Arrigoni
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Antioxidant Defences ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Orthodox Seeds ◽  
Aminocyclopropane Carboxylate Oxidase ◽  
Aminocyclopropane Carboxylate

The ascorbic acid (ASC) system functions dynamically in seeds, although the strategies for ASC production and utilization may vary according to seed developmental and functional stages. In orthodox seeds, ASC content and ASC peroxidase activity increase during the early stages of development, then decrease during the desiccation stage, so that, at quiescence, seeds have neither ASC nor ASC peroxidase, but retain a small amount of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) and significant activities of ASC recycling enzymes. ASC and ASC peroxidase activity re-start after a few hours from the onset of imbibition. In contrast, the ASC system is little affected during germination of recalcitrant seeds. Although the presence of the ASC system in seeds has often been considered only within the framework of seed antioxidant defences, ASC function in seeds is also likely to be related to its action as a specific co-substrate required for the activity of dioxygenases (e.g. 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylate oxidase, gibberellic acid hydroxylases and 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases) involved in the synthesis of ethylene, gibberellins and abscisic acid, respectively. The possible role of ASC in coordinating the activities of these key enzymes is discussed.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress: an important phenomenon with pathogenetic significance in the progression of acute pancreatitis

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Tsai ◽  
S-S Wang ◽  
T-S Chen ◽  
C-W Kong ◽  
F-Y Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Superoxide Radicals ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Mild Acute Pancreatitis

Background—Reactive oxygen species and related oxidative damage have been implicated in the initiation of acute pancreatitis. Changes in these parameters during disease progression merit further investigation.Aims—To evaluate changes and the clinical relevance of superoxide radicals, endogenous antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation during the course of acute pancreatitis.Patients and methods—Superoxide radicals (measured as lucigenin amplified chemiluminescence), ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, α tocopherol, and lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbiturate reactive substances) were analysed in blood samples from 56 healthy subjects, 30 patients with mild acute pancreatitis, and 23 patients with severe acute pancreatitis. The association with grades of disease severity was analysed. Measurements were repeated one and two weeks after onset of pancreatitis.Results—In the blood from patients with acute pancreatitis, there were increased levels of the superoxide radical as well as lipid peroxides. There was notable depletion of ascorbic acid and an increased fraction of dehydroascorbic acid. Changes in α tocopherol were not great except in one case with poor prognosis. Differences between severe and mild acute pancreatitis were significant (p<0.01). Variable but significant correlations with disease severity scores were found for most of these markers. The normalisation of these indexes postdated clinical recovery one or two weeks after onset of disease.Conclusions—Heightened oxidative stress appears early in the course of acute pancreatitis and lasts longer than the clinical manifestations. The dependence of disease severity on the imbalance between oxidants and natural defences suggests that oxidative stress may have a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatitis and may provide a target for treatment.

Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhuri D. ◽  
Bhattacharjee T.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

CORRECTION OF METABOLIC INDICATORS OF ERYTHROCYTES AND THE STRUCTURE MYOCARDIUM AFTER ACUTE BLOOD LOSS USING AN OZONIZED ERYTHROCYTAL MASS

Tsitologiya ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Deryugina ◽  
◽  
G. A. Boyarinov ◽  
I. S. Simutis ◽  
V. O. Nikolskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Acute Blood Loss
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