scholarly journals Some migration aspects, trends and issues in the North and Central Asia: case of Kazakhstan

2017 ◽  
Vol Vol 80 (№ 4) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
L. Delovarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
The North

OREL SECURITY OFFICER BORIS GORDON AND THE «RED CHAPEL»

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-175
Author(s):  
A.Yu. SARAN ◽  
◽  
M.V. SOKOLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Career Ladder ◽  
Security Officer ◽  
State Security ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Party Work

The purpose of the article is to study the biography of B.M. Gordon as a successful security officer in the 1920-s and 1930-s. He worked his way up the career ladder from a junior investigator to the head of regional divisions – territorial bodies of the VChK/GPU/OGPU/NKVD and the legal residency of the INO GUGB of NKVD in Germany. Having started his chekist service in the Orel province, he served in the South – Central Asia, in the North – in Arkhangelsk province,in the capital of the USSR, and in the capital of Nazi Germany – Berlin. Gordon fought with the white guards and evicted the dispossessed peasants, controlled the Soviet military and gathered information about the armies of foreign countries; he managed to work at both Soviet and party work. Finally, the energetic work and successful career led Boris Moiseyevich Gordon to his death, when in 1937, J.V. Stalin decided to destroy completely all the former operational leadership of the state security agencies, replacing it with new personnel.

scholarly journals KAZAKHSTAN-CHINA UNDER THE INITIATIVE «ONE BELT - ONE ROAD» RELATIONSHIPS AND CONFLICT ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Darkenov ◽  
◽  
K. Kakar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
North West ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
The One ◽  
The Silk Road

Central Asia is the heart of the Eurasian continent, a region directly adjacent to China, and the Silk Road, which connects the Eurasian continent, passes through this region. Kazakhstan is a country rich in natural resources and energy in Central Asia. Apart from the mineral resources of Central Asia, its location as the center of two continents, its importance in China's foreign trade and its strategic position in the defense of the North-West Frontier, made Kazakhstan known to the world about the location of this project. Since 2014, China has focused on the "One Belt - One Road" strategy in the region. Since 2014, economic relations between the two countries have developed under the "One Belt - One Road" initiative, but the problems remain. The article is devoted to the analysis of economic relations between the two countries and give some suggestions to solve the problem

scholarly journals ECOSYSTEMS OF SODA LAKES IN THE NORTH-EAST OF CENTRAL ASIA IN SEARCH OF ANSWERS TO THE CHALLENGES OF THE TIME

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
S. V. Borzenko ◽  
B. B. Bazarova ◽  
A. P. Kuklin ◽  
L. V. Zamana ◽  
E. Yu. Afonina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Soda Lakes ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Early Medieval Central Asian Population Estimates

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-817
Author(s):  
Étienne de la Vaissière
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Census data from 8th-century Eastern Central Asian oases, combined with the measurements of the oases and data from archives discovered there, allow us to calculate estimates both of the individual oases’ populations and of their respective feeding capacities, which is to say the number of people who could be fed from the output of one hectare of agricultural land. These numbers in turn have parallels in Western Central Asia, where oasis sizes can also be calculated by examination of preserved archaeological landscapes and oasis walls. It is therefore possible to reach a rough idea of the populations dwelling in the main oases and valleys of sedentary Central Asia. As regards nomadic regions, the data are far more hypothetical, but references in certain sources to the sizes of nomad armies and rates of nomadic military levying can allow us to calculate at least the possible scales of magnitude for populations living to the north of the Tianshan.

North-South: Forecast of Socio-Economic and Political Dynamic (the end)

2011 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
I. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The South ◽  
East Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Long Cycles

The publication represents the outcomes of the regular academic seminar “Modern problems of development” conducted by the IMEMO Center of the problems of development and modernization. The relationships between the Center and the Periphery, the prospects for the development of the North and the South in the light of Kondrat'ev's long cycles theory, new technological modes and transformation of social institutions are discussed. For the next ten years the major conflicts in the Middle East, Central Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Korean peninsula are forecasted.

Supplementary material to "Calcite U-Pb dating of altered ancient oceanic crust in the North Pamir, Central Asia"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Rembe ◽  
Renjie Zhou ◽  
Edward R. Sobel ◽  
Jonas Kley ◽  
Chen Jie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Oceanic Crust ◽  
The North ◽  
Supplementary Material

scholarly journals A Review of Central Asian Glaciochemical Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron P. Wake ◽  
Paul A. Mayewski ◽  
Mary Jo Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
The Arid Regions ◽  
Very High ◽  
Snow Samples

The glaciers of central Asia provide suitable locations from which to recover continuous, high-resolution glaciochemical records on a continental scale. Although the glaciochemical investigations undertaken to date in central Asia are few in number and limited in terms of spatial coverage and length of record, some preliminary observations can be made concerning regional and seasonal trends in snow chemistry in this region. The sodium chloride ratio for most snow samples collected in central Asia approaches the ratio found in sea water (0.86 in μeq kg−1), reflecting a marine source for these constituents. Sodium and chloride concentrations are, on average, 3–10 times higher in the Himalayas than in the Karakoram, demonstrating the greater influence of monsoonal sources of moisture in the Himalayas. Very high sodium concentrations from Khel Khod Glacier probably reflect a local crustal source from surrounding ice-free areas. Low nitrate concentrations were found in snow collected from the southern margin of the Himalayas and high concentrations in snow deposited on the north margin of the Himalayas. This strong regional trend in the spatial distribution of nitrate suggests the influx of continental aerosols, rich in nitrate, originating from the arid regions of central Asia. High calcium concentrations measured in snow from Mount Everest and the north-west corner of China are also indicative of dust derived from the arid regions of central Asia. Very high sulfate concentrations found in snow from the Tien Shan and the Bogda Shan most likely reflect local anthropogenic sources. The altitude effect on isotopie composition is not apparent from snow samples collected in central Asia. Understanding the processes which control the chemical content of snow, the local-to-regional scale complexities, and the seasonal variability are fundamental steps necessary to assess the potential for recovering representative long-term glaciochemical records from central Asia.

scholarly journals Ruminants reveal Eocene Asiatic palaeobiogeographical provinces as the origin of diachronous mammalian Oligocene dispersals into Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Mennecart ◽  
Manuela Aiglstorfer ◽  
Yikun Li ◽  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
ShiQi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Large Mammal ◽  
Southern Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Grande Coupure ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
North And South

AbstractFaunal provincialism between the North and South parts of Eastern Asia is shown to have been in place since the late Eocene. This provincialism structured the mammalian dispersals across Eurasia for millions of years and provides insights into both palaeonvironments and palaeoclimate zonation. In addition, this study reveals the oldest record of a crown ruminant (Iberomeryx from Shinao, China). Ecologically, as well as economically, ruminant artiodactyls are one of the most important large mammal groups today. The revision of the ruminants from the Shinao Formation, from the Caijiachong marls and Xiaerhete, resulted in two new taxa and shows that the different provinces were populated by distinct taxa living in different environments, dominated by the monsoon in the South and drier conditions in the North. Evaluating this result in a Eurasian context demonstrates that the dispersals from Asia to Europe was complex. These results confirm that there were at least two dispersal events, distinct in space and time: the Grande-Coupure from Northern and Central Asia along the North ca. 34 Mya and the Bachitherium dispersal event from the Southern province along a southerly route ca. 31 Mya.

Hellenism in Central Asia and the North-West of the Indo-Pakistan Sub-Continent: The Epigraphic Evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Georges Rougemont
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
North West ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
The North ◽  
Epigraphic Evidence ◽  
Striking Fact

Abstract The Greek inscriptions from Central Asia give information mainly on the three centuries before our era, particularly on the 3rd and 2nd century BC. In the Greek inscriptions from Central Asia, we notice the absence of any sign of a civic life; the inscriptions, however, clearly show firstly on which cultural frontier the Greeks of Central Asia lived and secondly how proudly they asserted their cultural identity. The presence in Central Asia of a living Greek culture is unquestionable, and the most striking fact is that the authors of the inscriptions were proud of the Greek culture. Their Greek names however do not necessarily reveal the ethnic origin, and we do not know whether among them there were “assimilated” Bactrians or Indians. The Greeks, at any rate, constituted a limited community of people living very far from their country of origin, at the borders of two foreign worlds (Iranian and Indian) which were far bigger and older than theirs.

Ancient Tajikistan Studies in History, Archaeology and Culture (1980-1991)

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Ww Ii ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Written Sources

AbstractSystematic archaeological research began immediately after WW II with work on Iran Age monuments at Kala-i-mir, Boldai-tepe and Baidudasht IV. Of recently studied Hellenistic and post-Hellenistic monuments, the most important is Takhti-Sangin (thought to be the source of the Oxus treasure). More than 5000 votive objects have now been recovered from the temple here (now completely excavated and dated to the first quarter of the 1st c. B.C.). Excavations at Ai-Khanoum prove that the strength and persistence of Hellenic culture seen at the Oxus temple was not unique in Bactria, while a complex now being studied at Dushanbe pushes the range of Greco-Bactrian culture far further to the north than was hitherto thought. Investigation of burial monuments at Tup-khana testifies to the acceptance of Bactrian material culture by incoming nomad groups, whereas study of a Buddhist complex of the 3rd-4th c. A.D. at Ushurmullo shows its continued use down to the 7th-8th c. Ancient written sources on the history of Central Asia have been studied by I.V. Pyankov, whilst E.V. Zeimal has produced a description, classification and analysis of the coin series of the region. Finally, T.P. Kiyatkina has written a series of works on palaeo-anthropological material from Tajikistan and Turkmenia.

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