scholarly journals Development Impacts of Irregular Migration: A Study from a Central Province in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hang Thi Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Irregular Migration ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Migration Theory

<p>Migration is often viewed negatively in development policy terms, and much understandings of migration often portray it as a threat to social security in destination countries, however, the sustainable livelihood approach presents migration as a livelihoods strategy, suggesting that policy should, instead, support human mobility. In the current context where regular labour migration offers various consequences resulting in both positive and negative impacts, irregular labour migration, though complex because of its undocumented nature, has become the choice of many unskilled and low-skilled workers from Vietnam. This study employs a case-study qualitative approach to look at the case of irregular migrant workers from a central province of Vietnam migrating overseas for economic purposes. It applies the New Economics of Labour Migration theory and the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and brings together their shared premise of viewing migration as a household calculated strategy to sustain rural livelihoods, to explore whether irregular migration can be a sustainable livelihood strategy for the rural people of Ha Tinh province. The study finds that irregular labour migration is a household calculated strategy and, similar to regular migration, it brings about social and economic benefits that affect the migrants, their families and home communities. Although such migration is complex and vulnerable, it is well thought through by migrants and fits in the context of rural Ha Tinh as a flexible, quick and convenient strategy to gain income for the rural poor. The research also finds that the local people have established their own supporting networks and found their own ways to mitigate the risks and ensure their irregular migration is successful in terms of economic gains. The combination of an economic migration theory and a livelihood approach offers this research an in-depth discussion on the complexity of irregular labour migration and its impacts on various aspects of social and economic development.</p>

scholarly journals Development Impacts of Irregular Migration: A Study from a Central Province in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hang Thi Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Irregular Migration ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Migration Theory

<p>Migration is often viewed negatively in development policy terms, and much understandings of migration often portray it as a threat to social security in destination countries, however, the sustainable livelihood approach presents migration as a livelihoods strategy, suggesting that policy should, instead, support human mobility. In the current context where regular labour migration offers various consequences resulting in both positive and negative impacts, irregular labour migration, though complex because of its undocumented nature, has become the choice of many unskilled and low-skilled workers from Vietnam. This study employs a case-study qualitative approach to look at the case of irregular migrant workers from a central province of Vietnam migrating overseas for economic purposes. It applies the New Economics of Labour Migration theory and the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and brings together their shared premise of viewing migration as a household calculated strategy to sustain rural livelihoods, to explore whether irregular migration can be a sustainable livelihood strategy for the rural people of Ha Tinh province. The study finds that irregular labour migration is a household calculated strategy and, similar to regular migration, it brings about social and economic benefits that affect the migrants, their families and home communities. Although such migration is complex and vulnerable, it is well thought through by migrants and fits in the context of rural Ha Tinh as a flexible, quick and convenient strategy to gain income for the rural poor. The research also finds that the local people have established their own supporting networks and found their own ways to mitigate the risks and ensure their irregular migration is successful in terms of economic gains. The combination of an economic migration theory and a livelihood approach offers this research an in-depth discussion on the complexity of irregular labour migration and its impacts on various aspects of social and economic development.</p>

The ILO and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration: labour migration, decent work and implementation of the Compact with specific reference to the Arab states region

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-320
Author(s):  
Ryszard Cholewinski
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Global Compact ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Arab States

AbstractThis paper explores the role played by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in the consultations and stocktaking during 2017 and the negotiations during 2018 leading up to the adoption of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM). It examines selected parts of the text of the GCM, with particular reference to the ILO's mandate of securing social justice and decent work, as well as the protection of migrant workers and governance of labour migration. The final part of the paper looks ahead to the ILO's role in the implementation of the GCM, with specific reference to the Arab states region, where migration for employment is significant and the governance challenges, particularly in relation to the protection of low-wage and low-skilled workers, are especially acute.

scholarly journals The Impact of Remittances of Ukrainian Migrants on the Stabilisation of the Economy During the Covid Crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Iryna Gerlach ◽  
Lilia Ukraynets
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Migrant Remittances ◽  
The Impact

International labour migration is a global process that has affected the populations of all countries and continents. Today, migrants face a new additional barrier – the COVID-19 pandemic, which has drastically affected all forms of human mobility. Today, labour-based migration from Ukraine is directed mainly to EU Member States. The main motives for international labour migration is the potential of earning money, financial security of the family etc. Accordingly, the consequence of international migration is the inflow of money into the country of migrant origin. Remittances from migrant workers are an important source of income for Ukraine. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in migrant remittances, contributing to the development of households, human potential, the reduction of poverty and inequality, and the inflow of foreign currency. This article proposes an econometric model of the impact of migrant remittances on the stabilisation of the country’s economy during the pandemic. As a result of the calculations, it was found that the income from people working abroad initially reduces the deviation of GDP from the equilibrium trend, but over time there is a clear procyclical impact. This feature is favourable for the Ukrainian economy and may mean that migrant transfers in times of crisis help to overcome the effects of global economic downturns.

scholarly journals 50 Years A Slave

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 70-100
Author(s):  
Allain Fonte
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Philippine Government

Abstract   The Philippines has been deploying migrant workers to more than 192 countries, with a rising number that exceeds up to a million workers every year.   In 2009, the record of migrant workers’ remittances went up to 17.4 billion US dollars from 10.4 billion US dollars in 2005.  Reports showed that remittances comprise a bigger portion of the Philippines’ gross domestic product, as it contributed 10.8% to the GDP in 2005, and 11.1% in 2009.  After more than 50 years of deploying Filipino workers overseas, the Philippines should have improved with its labour policies and implementing them.  Yet, reports on abuses of Filipino workers can still be read and heard.  This paper reviews the two most controversial cases where the Philippine government had failed to protect its migrant workers by analysing its then labour policies; and how they have impacted the labour and migration sectors to ensure the welfare of its migrant workers.  Further, this research discusses reoccurring issues such as delayed services from government agencies, lack of administrative skills to process complaints and cases of Filipino migrant workers, poor communication and coordination among government offices, labour policies that do not abide by the constitution, and the unfair provisions in the treaties between Philippines and destination countries for low-skilled workers.   Keywords labour migration, migration, migrant workers, labour policies

scholarly journals Employment and Social Security Rights of Third-Country Labour Migrants under eu Law: An Incomplete Patchwork of Legal Protection

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herwig Verschueren
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Seasonal Workers ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Migrants Rights

Labour migration within the European Union (eu), as well as from outside the eu, has evolved significantly. There are more temporary forms of labour migration, such as seasonal work, temporary migration of both high- and low-skilled workers and temporary posting by employers. This evolution has led to an increasing vulnerability of labour migrants’ rights. In particular, the employment and social rights of these migrants are subject to legal disputes, as well as to political discussions. The latter resulted in the adoption of legal instruments meant to guarantee some rights to labour migrants, but which in some cases rather increased their vulnerability. This article explores the issues of employment and social protection of third-country migrant workers in legal instruments of the eu. It starts with an examination of a number of eu directives dealing specifically with labour migration from third countries such as the Blue Card Directive 2009/50, the Employers’ Sanctions Directive 2009/52, the Single Permit Directive 2011/98, the Seasonal Workers Directive 2014/36 and the Intra-corporate Transferees Directive 2014/66 (Section 2). This section also explores the interaction between these instruments as well as their shortcomings. Next, this article focuses on international agreements concluded by the eu with third countries. A large number of these agreements contain provisions which, directly or indirectly, regulate the employment and social security rights of nationals of the third States involved (Section 3). Further, it will comment on the issue of (the absence of) social security coordination between the systems of the Member States and those of third countries (Section 4). Finally, it draws some conclusions and pleads for a better enforcement of the rights already guaranteed and for a more prominent role for the protection of human rights (Section 5).

Socio-economic effects of labor migration from small towns of Russia

2016 ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mkrtchyan ◽  
Y. Florinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Labor ◽  
Standardized Interview

The article examines labor migration from small Russian towns: prevalence of the phenomenon, the direction and duration of trips, spheres of employment and earnings of migrants, social and economic benefits of migration for households. The representative surveys of households and migrant-workers by a standardized interview were conducted in four selected towns. Authors draw a conclusion about high labor spatial mobility of the population of small towns and existence of positive effects for migrant’s households and the economy of towns themselves.

Labour migration and its impact on employment in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
G. V. Yakshibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
The State ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Rational Selection ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
External Migration

The problem of providing the most efficient and rational selection, distribution, use of migrant workers, with regard to both internal and external migration in close relation to socio-economic and demographic interests of the state are currently of particular relevance. Scientific novelty of work consists in the identification of factors and directions of flows as departing and arriving labor migrants in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the characteristics of the development of labour migration and its impact on employment, which allowed to identify problems and negative trends.

Employers, Recruiters, and Workers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Martin
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
Work Abroad ◽  
Skilled Migrant

Low-skilled migrant workers often pay high fees to work abroad, which reduces the remittances they can send to their families and is regressive because low-skilled workers pay more than high-skilled workers. No one knows exactly how much workers pay, justifying more data on this in order to reduce worker-paid costs. Media exposés of workers who paid a year’s foreign earnings to get a two-year contract may leave the impression that all workers pay such high fees, although the data collected from workers in diverse corridors do not support such a conclusion. Since the number of low-skilled workers often exceeds the number of jobs, worker willingness to pay can be a way of allocating scarce jobs among workers, although government efforts to limit what workers pay can drive payments underground.

Rethinking free skilled labour migration policies in CLMV countries: a qualitative systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanvedes Daovisan ◽  
Pimporn Phukrongpet ◽  
Thanapauge Chamaratana
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Migration Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThere is an ongoing debate in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint 2015 concerning the skilled labour migration policy regimes. This review aims to systematise the free flow of skilled labour migration policies in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV) countries.Design/methodology/approachThis review utilised a qualitative systematic in peer-reviewed journals for the period 2015–2019. The initial search identified 28,874 articles. Of those articles, 10,612 articles were screened, 738 articles were checked, 150 articles were selected and 18 articles met the criteria. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis (e.g. coding, categorisation, synthesis and summarisation).FindingsThe review suggested that free movement from CLMV countries is the cause of the mass exodus of unskilled migration to high-income countries. The review found that the free flow of migration policy in the AEC Blueprint 2015 is associated with illegal, unauthorised and unskilled workers in the host country.Research limitations/implicationsA systematic review is qualitative in nature, in which the relevant existing literature lacks some empirical studies, and the results must be generalisable.Practical implicationsThe current systematic review provides a visual diagram for practical implications to isolate undocumented, illegal, unpermitted and unskilled migrant workers and further reduce the mass exodus of migration from CLMV countries.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first review to extend the literature to the macro-level determinants of free flow of skilled labour migration policies in CLMV countries. The present review seeks to inform the policy responses of moving freely between sending and receiving countries.

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