layers of old and new : the adaptive reuse of mid-20th century modern architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Damien Kitto
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Building Typology

<p>This research portfolio explores the role of adaptive reuse to support the preservation of mid-century modern architecture and facilitate new needs. Technological transformations of the 21st century have changed needs, making certain building typologies obsolete. Post offices are one impacted building typology currently declining. This project uses a mid-20th century post office in suburban Wellington to explore the creative opportunities presented by the adaptive reuse of such structures. Key authors argue that a critical synergy and layering of the old and new can create a dialogue in the architecture which is arguably more innovate and regenerative than any construction that disregards the existing. In many cases, continuing use of the old buildings is also a more sustainable approach. The project also contributes to the challenges and ongoing develop of conservation approaches to modern heritage. In this project, through analysis of the context and case studies an adaptive reuse framework specific to modern architecture heritage is developed to build a strategy for reuse. The framework is then applied to the chosen mid-20th century post office to aid the design of the buildings reuse. This forms an argument that the dialogue developed between old and new elements transform vacant modern architecture to living heritage ensuring continual use.</p>

layers of old and new : the adaptive reuse of mid-20th century modern architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Damien Kitto
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Post Office ◽  
Post Offices ◽  
Building Typology

<p>This research portfolio explores the role of adaptive reuse to support the preservation of mid-century modern architecture and facilitate new needs. Technological transformations of the 21st century have changed needs, making certain building typologies obsolete. Post offices are one impacted building typology currently declining. This project uses a mid-20th century post office in suburban Wellington to explore the creative opportunities presented by the adaptive reuse of such structures. Key authors argue that a critical synergy and layering of the old and new can create a dialogue in the architecture which is arguably more innovate and regenerative than any construction that disregards the existing. In many cases, continuing use of the old buildings is also a more sustainable approach. The project also contributes to the challenges and ongoing develop of conservation approaches to modern heritage. In this project, through analysis of the context and case studies an adaptive reuse framework specific to modern architecture heritage is developed to build a strategy for reuse. The framework is then applied to the chosen mid-20th century post office to aid the design of the buildings reuse. This forms an argument that the dialogue developed between old and new elements transform vacant modern architecture to living heritage ensuring continual use.</p>

The Bacterial Clients of Modern Architecture

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Beatriz Colomina ◽  
Mark Wigley
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Contemporary Research

The human is an unstable idea; simultaneously an all-powerful creature – capable of transforming the whole ecology of the planet – yet extremely fragile, a murky ghost. Contemporary research into our microbiome portrays the human itself as a mobile ecology constructed by the endless flux of interactions between thousands of different species of bacteria – some of which are millions of years old and others joined us just a few months ago. This challenges conventional understandings of architecture. What does it mean to house the human when we no longer think that the human organism is securely contained within its skin? What is the role of architecture when the humans occupying it are understood to be suspended in clouds of bacteria shared, generated and mobilized by other macro-organisms (pets, plants, insects…) and the building itself; when the human is not a clearly defined organism or in any sense independent; when the architectural client is a massive set of ever-changing trans-species alliances that make the apparent complexity of even the largest of cities seem quaintly uncomplicated. What kind of care do architects offer if we think of ourselves as alliances between bacteria within the apparent limits of the body and throughout the spaces we occupy? What faces 21st century architects in comparison to 20th century architects?

The role of science in the study of and response to space threats

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 777-799
Author(s):  
B. M. Shustov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
The Sun ◽  
National Program ◽  
Biological Hazard ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Space Activities

During the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, space hazards multiplied, the most urgent of which is space debris. Professionals working in space are exposed to this hazard daily and are aware of it as a problem. Furthermore, increasing attention is being paid to the unpredictable behavior of the Sun, which produces the so-called space weather. The asteroid-comet hazard is considered as potentially having the most catastrophic consequences. No manifestations of biological hazard have yet been observed, although as space activities develop, it is becoming increasingly important. The appropriate time scale for astrophysical hazards is many millions of years, so from a practical perspective, they have no importance. This article briefly describes the main types of space hazards. The author analyzes the results of research and practical work in the field, both worldwide and specifically in Russia. Comparative analysis leads to the clear conclusion that a national program must be developed for the study of space hazards and to respond to space threats. This article is based on a report made by the author at the meeting of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) on January 15, 2019.

From grand banking hall to the art and design school library of the 21st century

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Terry
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
21St Century ◽  
School Library ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
Building Program

With a detailed but not site-specific building program, the librarians at Rhode Island School of Design made the case for a new library three times the size of the existing facility. The site became specific with the donation of an early 20th-century grand banking hall. This paper addresses the role of the librarian in the design and construction process and includes an analysis of the way the new library meets the program objectives. In the early 1990’s after several early attempts to resolve the library’s space constraint at Rhode Island School of Design, the librarian was given a useful bit of advice: Stop trying to find the space. You must focus first on the program. What is it that you really need?

scholarly journals Mental Illness and Psychiatry: The 20th and Early 21st Centuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. p57
Author(s):  
Paulann Grech ◽  
Reuben Grech
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this paper is to present the opposing views and tensions that characterised the evolution of psychiatry and understandings of mental health during the 20th century and the early decades of the 21st century. To this extent, the principal figures and entities that occupied the main fronts during these debates are presented during a description of the journey undertaken by psychiatry during the aforementioned years. Quotes from various original texts or their translations have been included in an attempt to recreate the spirit of the periods under study. This historical exploration provides further insight into the multifaceted world of mental health, its illnesses, treatments and the role of a number of influencing bodies that were crucial into shaping this discipline across the centuries.

The Fragmentary Condition of Aesthetics at the Turn of 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-172
Author(s):  
Kamil Lipiński
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
Conceptual Foundation ◽  
Fin De Siècle ◽  
Critical Aesthetics ◽  
Point Of Departure

The ‘fragmentary condition’ relates to Jena Romanticism as the point of departure to discuss how the idea of the fragment moves from classical, literary studies to contemporary art and becomes part of a broader interpretation of the 20th century fin de siècle aesthetics. The article builds on Jean-Luc Nancy’s and Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe’s theoretical insights into Jena Romanticism in order to examine the unification of all genres separated from poetry to touch poetry, philosophy, rhetoric through the anecdotal and witty articulation, as well as ars combinatoria. For Romantics, the basic imperative was to educate, form their existence, that is, Bildung, in Hegelian terms, cultural education, formation, development. This literary foundation is defined by Jean-Luc Nancy as a fragmentary existence which he identifies with the fraction, fractal essence, inherent separation, disengaging. Nancy was intent on examining the emergence of various contemporary works expressing their essence in terms of breaks, incompleteness, and an autonomous role of the fragment. This classical conceptual foundation provides these key conceptual and methodological perspectives and allows for discussing the implications of the critical aesthetics of the fin de siècle for the practices of fraction, ex-peau-sition, spacing, and division in the contemporary research in art.

Vesnice jako spontánně vzniklá biocentra a zásobníky biodiverzity v současné české zemědělské krajině

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Pondělíček ◽  
Vladimíra Šilhánková
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Treasure Trove ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Further Development

Villages and their functions in the landscape have changed significantly, and the 21st century has brought with it a number of problems in the functioning of village settlements and the rural landscape. The aim of the paper is to analyze the role of the current village in the landscape and biodiversity in the landscape and to outline the possibilities of its functioning in this system and its further development. The work is processed mainly by means of the method of terrain and local surveys. The analysis shows that throughout the 20th century the possibilities of animal and plant move in the landscape decreased and diversity in the form of gardens, cemeteries, parks and other green formations was concentrated in settlements and their immediate vicinity. Contemporary villages and smaller towns have already had a relatively stabilized strip of greenery around them, which was created together with ensuring a quality environment (e.g., soundproofing or sun elimination). This, on the other hand, allowed animals that had not been common in settlements to move into villages. To our surprise, the villages become a treasure trove of biodiversity and the preservation of fragments of important habitats from previous stages of development. The care of intra-settlement greenery thus faces a new, as yet unknown, task - how to maintain and further develop this newly created biodiversity.

scholarly journals The Directions of Formal Expression in Latvian Contemporary Architecture in the Context of the Synthesis of the Arts

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Ilze Rukmane-Poča ◽  
Linda Leitāne-Šmīdberga
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Formal Expression ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Kinetic Architecture ◽  
Architectural Competitions ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

Abstract Different types of formal expression can be found in the modern architecture of the 21st century - in publications, internet resources and in the generalizations of critics. In the context of the synthesis of arts the styles of sculptural architecture and surface architecture are noteworthy. Characteristics of this synthesis are also noticeable in kinetic architecture where the styles of surface kinetic architecture and sculptural kinetic architecture are distinguished. The genesis of images of buildings constructed in these styles is the result of the synthesis of arts; it reflects the development of historical styles as well as the ways of formal expression and their influences in the end of the 20th century and in the 21st century. This paper provides an analysis of constructed objects and proposals put forth in architectural competitions in Latvia’s 21st century modern architecture.

scholarly journals Waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 20th and 21st Century

ICR Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-367
Author(s):  
Jasmin Omercic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Development

This paper investigates the socio-economic role of waqf in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the 20th century to date. Bosnia and Herzegovina waqf endured through various political fortunes and improved the social and economic circumstances of Muslims. A contemporary challenge is to reconstruct this waqf. A new development is the emergence of Islamic Economics. Since 1995, the Waqf Directorate of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina (WD-ICBIH), the main authority over waqf, initiated reforms to revive the socio-economic role of waqf and integrate it into Bosnia and Herzegovina development. The study identifies the challenges facing the Waqf Directorate and the development of Islamic Economics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The emergence of Islamic Economics and Islamic Banking and Finance, in cooperation with the Bosnia Bank International, presents opportunities to the Waqf Directorate to achieve its vision and mission. Some avenues for waqf integration into Bosnia and Herzegovina development qualify as commendable efforts of reform, indicate a feasible future for the Waqf Directorate, and gradually address various challenges. The paper concludes with actionable policy recommendations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document