Microbiocenoses and the State of Local Mucosal Immunity of the Oral Cavity of Children and Adolescents with Liver Diseases

The purpose of the study was to study the relationship between the state of the oral cavity microbiocenosis and the level of local immunity in children and adolescents with chronic liver diseases. Materials and methods. 45 children aged 10 to 16 years, who were treated in the public utility "City Children's Clinical Dental Hospital of the Poltava City Council" were examined. All children were divided into 2 groups: the main group – children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis (n = 26) with diseases of concomitant oral mucosa and periodontal disease; control group – children of the same age without concomitant somatic pathology (n = 20). In all observation groups, the state of oral hygiene was recorded using the simplified oral hygiene index (Green-Vermillion, 1964) and the intensity of the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues, which was assessed by the papillary-marginal-alveolar index modified by Parma (1960). The degree of dysbiosis in the oral cavity was determined using the enzymatic method of A. P. Levitsky by the ratio of the relative activity of urease and lysozyme. The state of local immunity was investigated by the level of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, IgG and secretory immunoglobulin sIgA. Results and discussion. It was found that the majority of patients with chronic hepatitis had an unsatisfactory and even poor state of oral hygiene, according to the Green-Vermillion simplified oral hygiene index, in combination with moderate and severe gingivitis (according to the papillary-marginal-alveolar index). The most negative results were registered in children 9-13 years old. The effect of the low level of oral hygiene in children and adolescents with chronic liver diseases, which is accompanied by increased dysbiosis, was studied, which indicates a drop in the level of antimicrobial protection, suppression of local mucosal immunity, a decrease in lysozyme activity and a decrease in the content of secretory sIgA in the oral fluid. The mediated mechanism of sIgA action through the phagocyte activation system with subsequent lysis of pathogenic microorganisms is considered. Conclusion. Chronic liver diseases reliably lead to changes in the body's immunobiological reactivity, and also cause suppression of the protective mechanisms of the oral cavity and its local immunity, characterized by a decrease in the activity of lysozyme and secretory IgA in the oral fluid of sick children and adolescents

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THE STATE OF HYGIENE AND LOCAL IMMUNITY OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA

INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY JOURNAL Web of Scholar ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_wos/28022019/6340 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

M. Yu. Antonenko ◽

L. L. Reshetnyk ◽

E. V. Moskalenko ◽

N. A. Zelinska ◽

O. A. Znachkova

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Mirror Image ◽

The State ◽

The Body ◽

Immunological Methods ◽

Control Group ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Local Immunity ◽

Group I

Aim: to study the state of local immunity and oral hygiene in patients with GP suffering from AN.Materials and methods: 35 patients with AN were examined at the age of 19-35 years. In the study we used immunological methods, an index assessment of the state of oral hygiene (PMA, API, GI).Results and discussion: in patients of I group poor oral hygiene was established. The amount of lysozyme in the oral fluid in I group was 0.014 ± 0.07 g/l. A decrease SIgA (11SIgA) was established in patients of I group: I, II and control (135.31 ± 23.17, 130.26 ± 24.21 and 300.34 ± 27.38 mg/l, respectively). A tendency to an increase in the level of IgG in the oral fluid in patients of group II compared with I and the control group (5.35 ± 0.36, vs. 4.57 ± 0.04 and 4.98 ± 0.23 g/l, respectively) was established.Conclusions: poor oral hygiene is an objective indicator which reflects low motivation to maintain oral health. The observed immunodeficiency (11SIgA) in patients with GP is a mirror image of changes occurring in the body of patients with AN.

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FEATURES OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS AT THE PATIENS WITH RECURRENT ORAL AFTS AND CONDOMITANT ACID-DEPENDENT DISEASES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

The actual problems in dentistry ◽

10.18481/2077-7566-2020-16-3-23-29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

Irina Galimova ◽

Rita Yunusova ◽

Irina Usmanova ◽

Larisa Gerasimova ◽

Yigal Granot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Free Radical Oxidation ◽

The State ◽

Radical Oxidation ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

Litmus Paper

Subject. Some features of the clinical picture, hygienic and microbiological state of the oral cavity, acidity and free-radical oxidation of the oral fluid in patients with recurrent aphthates on the background of acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are considered. The aim is to assess the relationship between clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with recurrent oral aphthae associated with acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Methodology. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 58 young people with revealed recurrent aphthae of the oral cavity against the background of acid-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract was carried out. The level of oral hygiene was assessed using the ONI-s index, the state of free-radical oxidation of the oral fluid - the "Chemilumimer-003" device, individual representatives of the normal flora were identified by inoculating the contents from the surface of aphthous elements on special differential diagnostic media of the HiCrome series. The acidity of the oral fluid was determined using a universal indicator litmus paper pH-1-14, short-term intragastric pHmetry was performed directly during fibrogastroduodenoscopy. Results. In 46.4 % of those examined, recurrent aphthae were found on the oral mucosa. In persons with chronic gastritis and duodenitis, the frequency of recurrences once a year was 37.9 %, 2-3 times a year ― 62.0, with the presence of chronic pancreatitis against the background of hyperacid gastric secretion ― 44.8 and 55.2, respectively. In patients with recurrent aphthae, a low level of oral hygiene, a violation of its microbiome, and a change in the acidity of the oral fluid were revealed. Conclusions. The presence of recurrent aphthae complicates individual oral hygiene, because accompanied by severe pain and paresthetic symptoms. This is manifested by an increase in the ONI-S index and a disturbance in the state of the normobiome in the form of an increase in the growth of resident microflora against the background of changes in the acidity of the oral fluid. Chemiluminescence indices correlate with the hygienic state of the oral cavity, qualitative changes in the normobiota and pH of the oral fluid in the studied clinical groups.

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Possibilities of echography in chronic liver diseases and portal hypertension

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj84421 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 430-436

Author(s):

R. F. Raimova ◽

D. K. Bashirov ◽

M. G. Tukhbatullin

Keyword(s):

Portal Hypertension ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Life Quality ◽

The State ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Surgical Correction ◽

Chronic Liver Diseases ◽

Adequate Therapy ◽

Early Signs

The possibilities of the complex echography in studies of the state of patients with chronic liver diseases are estimated. It is concluded that in definite situations the complex echography has undeniable advantages because it makes it possible to reveal early signs of portal hypertension and to predict its course. This will make it possible to choose more adequate therapy and to perform timely surgical correction and to improve the life quality of patients.

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Respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity of children and adolescents with chronic liver diseases Exercise capacity in liver disease

Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas ◽

10.9771/cmbio.v20i2.42775 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 321-326

Author(s):

Michelli Christina Magalhães Novais ◽

Mansueto Gomes Neto ◽

Yuri Da Silva Oliveira ◽

Tatiane De Souza Pereira ◽

Suzana Souza Moreira de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Respiratory Muscle ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽

Chronic Liver Diseases

Introdution: Chronic liver diseases are characterized by inflammatory and fibrotic lesions of the liver that cause systemic complications. These complications can negatively interfere with the respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity of developing children and adolescents. Objectives: To compare respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity in children and adolescents with chronic hepatopathy, using reference values from healthy individuals of the same age. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Children and adolescents from 6 to 16 years old with chronic hepatopathies were included. For the evaluation of respiratory muscle strength, the maximal respiratory pressures were measured through manovacuometry. A six-minute walk test was used to assess exercise capacity. The Wilcoxon test was used to verify the difference between the evaluated and predicted values of the distance traveled. Results: In total, 40 subjects were analyzed; 57.5% of the subjects were female, and the subjects had a mean age of 11.68±2.82 years. In the comparison between the measured and predicted maximal respiratory pressures, a difference of -17.71 cmH2O (p< 0.001) was found for the maximal inspiratory pressure, and a difference of -30.68 cmH2O (p< 0.001) was found for the maximal expiratory pressure. Regarding exercise capacity, the measured average distance traveled was 346.46±49.21 m, which was 185.54m (p< 0.001) less than the predicted value. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with chronic liver disease have reduced respiratory muscle function and exercise capacity.

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Comparison of three ultrasound based elastographic techniques in children and adolescents with chronic diffuse liver diseases.

Medical Ultrasonography ◽

10.11152/mu.2013.2066.182.bet ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 145 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Oana Belei ◽

Ioan Sporea ◽

Oana Gradinaru-Tascau ◽

Laura Olariu ◽

Alina Popescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Reference Method ◽

Correlation Factor ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Chronic Liver Diseases ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Paediatric Patients ◽

Invasive Techniques

Non-invasive techniques for liver fibrosis assessment were developed for adults and recent researches tested their accuracy in children. The only validated elastographic method for non-invasive liver fibrosis evaluation in children is Transient Elastography (TE). The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility of liver stiffness (LS) measurement in paediatric patients with chronic liver diseases by means of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography (ARFI) and 2D-Shear Wave Elastography (2D-SWE), compared to TE as reference method. Material and methods: We enrolled 54 consecutive children and adolescents with different chronic liver diseases. All patients were examined by means of TE, ARFI, and 2D-SWE. All measurements were performed in the right liver lobe, in the same session, in fasting condition. We considered reliable LS elastographic measurements as follows: for TE and ARFI - the median value of ten measurements with a success rate≥60% and an interquartile range<30%, for 2D-SWE - the median value of five measurements. Results: The successful measurement rate for TE was 94.4% (51/54). Taking TE as a reference method, sensitivity of ARFI for detecting fibrosis F1 was 71.42%, for F2-77.77%, for F3-62.5% and for F4-71.42%. Sensitivity of 2D-SWE for detecting F1 was 92.85%, for F2-83.33%, for F3-87.5% and for F4-85.71%. We found significant correlations between TE and 2D-SWE on the entire lot (Kappa correlation factor=0.843, p=0.001). Analyzing the subgroup with SR=60%-70%, we did not find significant correlation between TE and ARFI (Kappa correlation factor=0.172, p=0.452). Assessing the subgroup with SR>70%, we found a significant correlation between TE and ARFI (Kappa correlation factor=0.761, p=0.001). Conclusions: Overall, 2D-SWE correlate better with TE compared to ARFI in children. Excluding patients with less satisfactory technical parameters, we obtained significant correlations between all three methods. Both SWE and ARFI are non-invasive techniques feasible of performing on paediatric patients along with TE.

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