scholarly journals Genital infections among women using various contraceptive methods in Basra, Iraq

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-492
Author(s):  
M. Sharief
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Oral Contraception ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

A survey of women with abnormal vaginal discharge was conducted among patients attending an obstetrics and gynaecology clinic at Basra Hospital, Basra, Iraq, from September 1995 to June 1996. Out of 260 women examined, 250 [96.2%] were found to be infected with sexually transmitted and other genitourinary diseases, with a 16.2% incidence of multiple infections. This study compares the rate of infection by age group and contraception methods used. Significant findings include a 25.0% occurrence of Candida spp. among women using oral contraception and higher occurrence of Gardnerella sp. and Klebsiella spp. for women using an IUD as compared to nonusers

scholarly journals Practical approaches to examination of women with abnormal vaginal discharge: a review of evidence-based recommendations 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
O.A. Burka ◽  
A.V. Shumytskyi ◽  
L.M. Semeniuk ◽  
O.D. Koltok ◽  
V.Y. Dobosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Aerobic Vaginitis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Laboratory Component ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

Abnormal vaginal discharge (AVD) is a syndrome that combines conditions of different origin (microbial/non-microbial) and of different anatomical localization (limited to vagina and exocervix/spreading from the endocervix to the pelvic organs) that cause discomfort and changes in the characteristics of vaginal discharge.Review objective: to systematize modern approaches to the diagnosis of the most common causes of AVD – bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis, aerobic vaginitis (AV), vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) – in a practical context. Laboratory component of diagnosing the AVD causes should be complex due to the not fully understood mechanisms of regulation of vaginal biocenosis and changes in the virulence of opportunistic and pathogenic flora, leading to an increase in the frequency of mixed forms of vaginosis and their atypical course. The tasks of laboratory tests in AVD are determination of the sexually transmitted infections (gonorrhea, chlamydia, Mycoplasma genitalium) more often as a concomitant asymptomatic infection in combination with BV or another cause of AVD; confirmation of the suspected cause of AVD (BV, trichomoniasis, AV, VVC); differential diagnosis with more rare microbial causes (cytolytic vaginosis) and non-microbial causes.Vaginal pH and microscopy of vaginal discharge with an assessment according to the diagnostic criteria for dysbiosis are first line of available diagnostic tests of BV, AV and VVC. They make it possible to differentiate typical AVD causes from non-microbial AVD causes and rare causes of microbial AVD. Additionally, complex modern molecular methods for assessing the vaginal biocenosis can be used. Cultural methods play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent/complicated VVC and AV. PCR for chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and Mycoplasma genitalium is a mandatory component of a comprehensive test in patients with suspected BV, AV or mixed dysbiosis. Patients diagnosed with BV or trichomoniasis has to be tested for HIV and sexually transmitted infections.

scholarly journals Reproductive Tract Infection In A Village Area Of Bangladesh

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 642-644
Author(s):  
Tanvin Khanam ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Shamrin Sultana ◽  
Laila Yesmin
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Objective: To asses the incidence of reproductive tract infection among the married women in the reproductive age group living in the rural area of Bangladesh.Study design: Retrospective studyMethod: Hospital based study done for a period of six month January 2013 to june 2013. Only married women suffering from reproductive tract infection were included.Result: Out of 1288 female patient attended for treatment in OPD, 582 (46.47%) were found affected by RTI. Women of age between 15-35 years were mostly affected (85%). Abnormal vaginal discharge (100%) and itching were the most common symptoms. The disease was more common among the illiterate women (72%) and in low socio-economic group (58%).KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 642-644

scholarly journals Vulvovaginal candidasis among female patients attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital and Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital Kaduna

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
M.Y. Aliyu ◽  
O. Obajemu ◽  
A.M. Aliyu ◽  
R. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Financial Burden ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Percentage Occurrence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Key Words Incidence

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a major cause of lower genital infections in women, especially in developing countries and cause significant morbidity and financial burden on the already weak economy. The objective was to isolate and identify Candida spp responsible for Vulvovaginitis. Two hundred (200) vaginal swabs were collected from female patients 15years and above, attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital (YDMH) and Barau Dikko Specialist Hospital (BDSH) all within Kaduna metropolis. The samples were analysed for the presence of Candida spp using standard procedures of microscopy, culture and biochemical identification. The overall incidence of VVC was 79.5% (159/200), with higher incidence among patients attending Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital 84.8% (117/138), than Barau Dikko Memorial Hospital 67.7% (42/62).  Four (4) yeast species were isolated and identified which include Candida krusie, Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata. C. krusie had the highest percentage occurrence of 42.5% (39/159), while C. parapsilosis had the least percentage occurrence of 11.3% (18/159). Higher incidence was recorded among age group 40 and above 92.8% (13/14) and lowest among age group 31-40 76.5% (39/51). Highest incidence was also recorded among widow 100% (18/18) and lowest among married 76.8% (109/142). The high percentage of positive samples is an indication that there is a high incidence of candidiasis among the study population. There is need for regular screening of women for VVC and other sexually transmitted infections. Key words: Incidence, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, Isolation, Kaduna.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VAGINOSIS AMONG WOMEN OF THE REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP, WHO ATTENDED AT DMC, LAHERIASARAI, BIHAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Neha Jha ◽  
R. S. Prasad ◽  
P. N. Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: An abnormal vaginal discharge is a common complaint in women and it can be due to vaginal infections like bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis. Aim: A descriptive cross sectional study was done at Microbiology Department, DMC, Laheriasarai, Bihar to find out the common pathogens which caused vaginosis in patients of the reproductive age group, who attended the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at the Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar and referred to Microbiology Department of DMC, from 1st April to 30th September, 2020. Materials and Methods: All the 140 vaginal discharge samples were subjected to gram staining to view the morphological nature of the bacteria which caused bacterial vaginosis and gram positive, budding yeast cells, wet film for the motility of Trichomonas and Chlamydial antigen detection by ELISA. Results: The overall positivity was 44%, which included bacterial vaginosis (36.4%). The positivity of candidiasis was 4.2%, that of trichomoniasis was 2.1% and that of chlamydiasis was 1.4%. Conclusion: Bacterial vaginosis was found to be the commonest cause of the abnormal vaginal discharge in women of the reproductive age group.

Sexual health and contraception

2014 ◽  
pp. 733-780
Author(s):  
Chantal Simon ◽  
Hazel Everitt ◽  
Françoise van Dorp ◽  
Matt Burkes
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Intrauterine Devices ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Hiv Infection Prevention ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

Assessment of sexual health Vaginal discharge Sexually transmitted infection Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomonas Hepatitis B and C HIV infection: prevention and testing HIV infection: clinical disease Other sexually transmitted infections Summary of contraceptive methods Combined hormonal contraception Progestogen-only contraceptives Intrauterine devices Other contraceptive methods Teenagers and women over 40...

scholarly journals Common microbial aetiology of abnormal vaginal discharge among sexually active women in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Mahmuda Chowdhury ◽  
KM Shahidul Islam ◽  
Eliza Omar Eva ◽  
Ahmad Raihan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

Abnormal vaginal discharge is a common symptom of genital infection in women. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the various causes of vaginal discharge in sexually active females. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among women aged 15 to 45 years with abnormal vaginal discharge, with or without itching attended at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka for a period of 6 months. After making the clinical diagnosis, appropriate tests for diagnosing candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea and bacterial vaginosis were done. Among all patients, organisms responsible for abnormal vaginal discharges were found in 94.8% of the cases, of which vaginal candidiasis (53.6%) was the most common, followed by bacterial vaginosis (29.2%), trichomoniasis (10.8%), gonorrhea (1.2%) and non-specific other urogenital causes (5.2%). The most common age groups affected by vaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis were 26-35 years (64.9%), 26-35 years (27.6%) and 15-25 years (52%) respectively. Gonorrhea was recorded in the age group of 15-25 years (66.7%). Most of the organisms were isolated in the age group of 30-40 years. The causative agent of vaginal candidiasis was the leading cause of vaginal discharge in the age group of sexually active women and next to it was the bacterial vaginosis. A lower rate of Trichomonas vaginalis was found in our study in comparison to other studies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v1i1.13211 South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2011:1:35-39

scholarly journals A comparative interventional study on the efficacy of single and multiple dose combination drug regimen of leucorrhea among women in reproductive age group

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Sivakumar K. ◽  
Ajay Raj S. ◽  
Sujatha K.
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in women are becoming major public health problem not only in India but also over the world. Syndromic approach is advocated by World Health Organization (WHO) to manage common RTIs using clinical flow charts based on identifying a syndrome that cause the symptoms reported by patients. The most commonly reported among the women with RTIs is abnormal vaginal discharge or Leucorrhea. Single dose regimen is not preventing the recurrence of infections. A second course of treatment is required followed by standard single dose regimen for achieving better cure rate in chronic vaginal discharge. Objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of single dose drug combination regimen with multiple dose regimens in the treatment of leucorrhoea. Methods: Quasi-experimental study was done in Urban field service area, RMMCH – Chidambaram among Married women in the reproductive age group (15-49 years) with complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge for ≥15 days coupled with any one of the symptoms suggestive of RTI. The study subjects were categorized into two groups – one with single dose regimen and the other with multiple dose regimen. Follow up was done on day 7, 15 and after 6 months of therapy. Results: A total of 113 subjects were recruited with 57 participants in single dose group and 56 in multiple dose groups. The subjects who received single dose had a better cure rate as compared to multiple dose group on day 7(87.7% & 85.7%), day 15 (94.7% & 89.3%) and after six months (84.2% & 76.8%) assessment respectively. Recurrence rate was found to be equal in both the groups. Our study indicates that variables such as age of the study subjects and type of flow had significant association with the outcome. Conclusions: Single-dose therapy is as effective as multiple- dose in the management of vaginal discharge based solely on symptoms. The multiple drug regimens can be given if the symptoms persist after single drug regimen as the chances of developing complications due to chronic vaginal discharge are high. 

Incidence of various causes of vaginal discharge based on simple laboratory methods on OPD bases in pregnant & nonpregnant women of 11-60 year age group

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 352-354
Author(s):  
Dr. Niralee S. Mahakal ◽  
◽  
Dr. Avanita D. Solanki ◽  
Dr. Neela Patel ◽  
Dr. Rikeeta S. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Laboratory Methods

Reasoning of medical tactics at the preconception in patients with a history of miscarriage and abnormal vaginal discharge

2016 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
N.V. Schuruk ◽  
◽  
V.I. Pyrohova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Genital Infections ◽  
Reproductive Losses ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

The objective: evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the drug complex hinekit during preconception preparation for women with complicated pregnancy loss history and uncomplicated mixed genital infections. Patients and methods. The study involved 65 women with reproductive losses in history, who turned over the abnormal vaginal discharge. Diagnosis of sexual transmitted infections (C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis, HSV-II, HPV), assessment of vaginal microbiota was performed by PCR with detection results in real time. Bacterial Vaginosis verified by the Amsel system. Results. All the examinees in the history have miscarriage in the first (56.9%) or the second (43.1%) trimester of pregnancy. According to the results of the patient survey were divided into clinical groups. In 26.2% of women infectious pathology of the lower genital tract has not been confirmed, 26.2% of patients did not give consent to participate in the study and were formed in the control group that received therapy according to existing clinical settings. 31 patients with mixed genital infection (study group) received complex preparation gіnekit. This positive trend was observed in all the patients of the main group (the disappearance of subjective sensations on average 2.2±0.3 hours). After treatment T. vaginalis, BV were not detected in one patient, active mycotic process in the absence of complaints remained at 4.8% of women, complete eradication of C. trachomatis was achieved in 92.3% of patients. Conclusions. Reducing the duration of treatment of mixed genital infections at the preconception in women with reproductive losses in the history is achieved in terms of clinical, microbiological and pharmaco-economic benefits by prescribtion an gіnekit preparation. Summary of clinical and microbiological effects of the proposed approach is 96.0 ± 0.9%, which corresponds to all requirements for multimodal therapy of genital infections, and no side effects, short course of treatment provides a high compliance of patients (9.2±0.7 points). Key words: mixed genital infections, miscarriages, gіnekit, azithromycin, fluconazole, seknidazol.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among women of reproductive age group attending outpatient department in a tertiary centre of Northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahvish Qazi ◽  
Najmus Saqib ◽  
Sachin Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Total Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Family Planning Methods

Background: India with 1.35 billion people is the second most populated country in the world next to China. Total fertility rate of India is 2.2 and the current total fertility rate of Jammu and Kashmir is 1.7 which is still lagging behind various states. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraception in women of reproductive age in this set up.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in patients attending OPD (outpatient department) of Obstetrics and Gynecology at ASCOMS, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India from 1st September 2017 to 31st August 2018. 200 married women aged between 18-49 years were included in this study. Socio-demographic characteristics of the women, their knowledge, attitude and practices on contraception were evaluated with the help of predesigned questionnaire.Results: Out of 200 women, maximum respondents belong to age group of 21-25 years (75.6%). Most of the contraceptive non-users belongs to age below 20 years (62.5%). Majority of respondents were Hindu (70.37%), maximum studied up to secondary level education (84.61%), 70.30% were housewives and 56.58% belongs to middle class. In 45% of respondents, media was the main source of information. Preferred spacing method was condom in 85% of cases. 68% women had knowledge of female sterilization. According to most women, family planning methods are meant for limitations of birth (43%) and 36% meant for spacing of birth. 80% women had positive attitude towards contraceptive usage. 50% experienced side effects with the use of contraceptives. The most common side effect was menstrual irregularities in 25% of cases. Most common reason for not using contraceptive methods among non-respondents were lack of knowledge in 50% of cases.Conclusions: The study showed that inspite of having good knowledge, utilization of contraceptives were less because of large family norm, religious myth, cultural and political barriers. Ignorance regarding use and side effects of various contraceptive methods is another reason for inadequate practice of family planning methods.

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