scholarly journals Pengujian Kinerja Dan Modifikasi Reaktor Downdraft Gasifikasi Biomassa 100 kW

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ridwan ◽  
Indradjaja Indradjaja ◽  
Noviyanti Nugraha ◽  
Irfan Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Reactor Design ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Design Capacity ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Air Supply

ABSTRAKGasifikasi adalah suatu proses konversi senyawa yang mengandung karbon untuk mengubah material baik cair maupun padat menjadi bahan bakar gas mampu bakar melalui proses pembakaran dengan suplai udara terbatas. Reaktor tempat terjadinya proses gasifikasi disebut gasifier. Gas hasil dari proses gasifikasi disebut syngas. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah dirancang reaktor gasifikasi dengan menggunakan kotoran sapi sebagai bahan bakar proses gasifikasi. Tipe reaktor yang digunakan adalah tipe downdraft. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji performa mesin, menganalisa hasil pengujian dan memodifikasi rancangan reaktor gasifikasi downdraft kapasitas 100 kW. Dari pengujian pertama, diperoleh hasil pengujian yaitu temperatur di dalam ruang pembakaran kurang dari 500°C serta masih terdapat kebocoran pada komponen reaktor. Maka di perlukan modifikasi agar temperature yang ditargetkan yaitu diatas 500°C tercapai dan memperbaiki kekurangan lainnya. Modifikasi yang dilakukan meliputi bagian atas yaitu hopper, pemasangan instalasi pipa 2 in, serta pembuatan kembali saringan ash grate. Setelah melakukan modifikasi, dilakukan pengujian kembali, Hasil pengujian setelah dimodiifikasi diperoleh temperatur antara 550 oC – 600oC.Kata kunci : reaktor, downdraft, gasifikasi, kotoran sapi, pengujjianABSTRACTGasification is a process of converting carbonaceous compounds to convert both liquid and solid materials into fuel gas capable of burning through a combustion process with limited air supply. The reactor where the gasification process occurs is called a gasifier. The resultant gas from the gasification process is called syngas. Previous studies have designed gasification reactors using cow dung as a fuel for gasification processes. The type of reactor used is the downdraft type. The purpose of this study is to test the performance of the engine, analyze the test results and modify the down kaft gasification reactor design capacity of 100 kW. From the first test, obtained the test results that the temperature in the combustion chamber is less than 500°C and there is still leakage in the reactor component. So in need of modifications to the targeted temperature that is above 500°C achieved and fix other deficiencies. Modifications made include the top of the hopper, installation of 2-in pipe installation, as well as remaking ash grate filter. After modification, re-testing, the test results after modified temperature obtained between 550 oC - 600oC.Keywords: reactor, downdraft, gasification, cow dung, test.

Karakterisasi Unjuk Kerja Mesin 100 CC dengan Bahan Bakar Syngas

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Rudy Sutanto ◽  
Pandri Pandiatmi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Effective Power ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Test Engine ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

Gasification is a process of converting carbon-containing compounds to convert both liquid and solid materials into fuel-capable gas (CO, H2, CO2, CH4, and H2O) through the combustion process with limited air supply. Gasification that we have known so far is gasification with coal feed and agricultural waste, but gasification with livestock waste feed has never been done. In this study the gasification feed material used horse dung biomass with a gas agent in the form of oxygen. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxygen flow rate (4 variations namely 10, 15, 20 and 30 lt / min) in the process of gasification of horse dung (produced 4 fuels namely syngas A, syngas B, syngas C and syngas D) on the performance capabilities of a 100 cc engine. The stages of the research carried out were drying feed material, gasification process, syngas storage and testing on a 100 cc engine with various variations of rotation (4 variations namely 1500, 2500, 3500 and 4500 rpm). The results obtained from this study are the highest torque and effective power obtained in syngas A fuel for various engine speeds. At 4500 rpm, a torque of 6.7 Nm is obtained, while an effective power of 3156 Watts is used to test engine results using Syngas A fuel.

Coal Gasification Characteristics in a 2MWth Second-Generation PFB Gasifier

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Rui ◽  
Baosheng Jin ◽  
Yunquan Xiong ◽  
Yufeng Duan ◽  
Zhaoping Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Feasibility Research ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Gasification Temperature

Coal gasification process and equipment feasibility research were carried out in a 2 MW thermal input pressurized spout-fluid bed pilot-scale gasifier and a long-time-run test was performed to study the effects of operating parameters on coal partial gasification behaviors. The test results have demonstrated the feasibility of the gasifier to provide suitable fuel gas and residual char for downstream system of 2G PFBC-CC. The concentration of methane decreased at higher gasification temperature due to the secondary cracking of methane while the carbon conversion increased, and the concentration of hydrogen increased with an increase of steam flow rate. The main experimental results were compared with those of pilot-scale facilities in the world.

Solution of Combustor Noise in a Coal Gasification Cogeneration Application of 100 MW-Class Combustion Turbines

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Scalzo ◽  
W. T. Sharkey ◽  
W. C. Emmerling
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Noise Phenomenon ◽  
Synchronous Engine

The field conversion of two W501D5 combustion turbines to burn medium BTU fuel gas supplied by a DOW Chemical coal gasification process at Plaquemine, Louisiana resulted in excessive 105 Hz airborne sound and a corresponding unacceptable non-synchronous engine vibration when burning natural gas. A joint Westinghouse and DOW Chemical corrective action program is described including field tests. Test results indicated that the combustion noise phenomenon was related to the strength of the primary air scoop recirculation pattern and its compatibility with the fuel and steam momentum vectors. A design was selected that eliminated the non-synchronous combustion noise generated vibration and reduced the 100 Hz third-octave noise from 115 db to 97 db, an intensity reduction of 64 to 1.

scholarly journals INDUSTRIAL BURNERS TESTING AND COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 03
Author(s):  
J. Pimenta ◽  
L.C. De Lima ◽  
J.B.F. Duarte ◽  
R. M. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

This paper describes experimental procedures and techniques adopted for combustion analysis during the testing of burners for industrial applications. The tests were carried out in the Combustion Technology Laboratory (NTC) of the University of Fortaleza. The NTC facilities are composed basically of experimental testing hall, a monitoring room, a chromatography laboratory and a modeling and simulation studies room. In the lab testing hall, is installed a test bench composed basically of the following parts : a combustion chamber with nominal thermal capacity of 1.000.000 kcal/h, two fully instrumented gas and air supply sections, a gas analyzer for emissions measurement, a panel for monitoring of water supply to combustion chamber coil, a cooling tower for heat delivery of combustion chamber. A data acquisition and control system is available with all the hardware tools for monitoring of the combustion process. With all the acquired measurements of temperature, flow rate, pressures, emissions, etc., the First Law energy balance approach was used in order to evaluate the combustion efficiency of two different burners with 378.000 and 403.200 kcal/h nominal heat power. Analysis of preliminary results allows representing the burners efficiency according to different air and fuel operating conditions. The experimental data obtained are also compared with simulation results from the modeling of the combustion process, presented in another article linked with this work, where a discussion of such comparison is made. Future studies will be dedicated to the development of improved efficiency combustion systems for industrial and commercial applications.

Solution of Combustor Noise in a Coal Gasification Cogeneration Application of 100-MW-Class Combustion Turbines

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Scalzo ◽  
W. T. Sharkey ◽  
W. C. Emmerling
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Combustion Noise ◽  
Action Program ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Noise Phenomenon

The field conversion of two W501D5 combustion turbines to burn medium Btu fuel gas supplied by a Dow Chemical coal gasification process at Plaquemine, LA resulted in excessive 105-Hz airborne sound and a corresponding unacceptable nonsynchronous engine vibration when burning natural gas. A joint Westinghouse and Dow Chemical corrective action program is described including field tests. Test results indicated that the combustion noise phenomenon was related to the strength of the primary air scoop recirculation pattern and its compatibility with the fuel and steam momentum vectors. A design was selected that eliminated the nonsynchronous combustion noise generated vibration and reduced the 100-Hz third-octave noise from 115 db to 97 db, an intensity reduction of 64 to 1.

scholarly journals INDUSTRIAL BURNERS TESTING AND COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pimenta ◽  
L.C. De Lima ◽  
J.B.F. Duarte ◽  
R. M. Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Thermal Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Energy Balance Approach

This paper describes experimental procedures and techniques adopted for combustion analysis during the testing of burners for industrial applications. The tests were carried out in the Combustion Technology Laboratory (NTC) of the University of Fortaleza. The NTC facilities are composed basically of experimental testing hall, a monitoring room, a chromatography laboratory and a modeling and simulation studies room. In the lab testing hall, is installed a test bench composed basically of the following parts : a combustion chamber with nominal thermal capacity of 1.000.000 kcal/h, two fully instrumented gas and air supply sections, a gas analyzer for emissions measurement, a panel for monitoring of water supply to combustion chamber coil, a cooling tower for heat delivery of combustion chamber. A data acquisition and control system is available with all the hardware tools for monitoring of the combustion process. With all the acquired measurements of temperature, flow rate, pressures, emissions, etc., the First Law energy balance approach was used in order to evaluate the combustion efficiency of two different burners with 378.000 and 403.200 kcal/h nominal heat power. Analysis of preliminary results allows representing the burners efficiency according to different air and fuel operating conditions. The experimental data obtained are also compared with simulation results from the modeling of the combustion process, presented in another article linked with this work, where a discussion of such comparison is made. Future studies will be dedicated to the development of improved efficiency combustion systems for industrial and commercial applications.

scholarly journals Combustion Thermodynamics of Ethanol, n-Heptane, and n-Butanol in a Rapid Compression Machine with a Dual Direct Injection (DDI) Supply System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2729
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Pielecha ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki ◽  
Maciej Sidorowicz ◽  
Dariusz Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Rapid Compression Machine ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Rapid Compression

The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibility of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide and exhaust components into the atmosphere. An innovative double direct injection system was used as a method for forming a mixture in the combustion chamber. The tests were carried out with the use of gasoline, ethanol, n-heptane, and n-butanol during combustion in a model test engine—the rapid compression machine (RCM). The analyzed combustion process indicators included the cylinder pressure, pressure increase rate, heat release rate, and heat release value. Optical tests of the combustion process made it possible to analyze the flame development in the observed area of the combustion chamber. The conducted research and analyses resulted in the observation that it is possible to control the excess air ratio in the direct vicinity of the spark plug just before ignition. Such possibilities occur as a result of the properties of the injected fuels, which include different amounts of air required for their stoichiometric combustion. The studies of the combustion process have shown that the combustible mixtures consisting of gasoline with another fuel are characterized by greater combustion efficiency than the mixtures composed of only a single fuel type, and that the influence of the type of fuel used is significant for the combustion process and its indicator values.

Analysis and Research of the Combustion Process of YN4100QB Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Lei Ming Shi ◽  
Guang Hui Jia ◽  
Zhi Fei Zhang ◽  
Zhong Ming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Exhaust Noise

In order to obtain the foundation to the research on the Diesel Engine YN4100QB combustion process, exhaust, the optimal design of combustion chamber and the useful information for the design of exhaust muffler, the geometric model and mesh model of a type internal combustion engine are constructed by using FIRE software to analyze the working process of internal combustion engine. Exhaust noise is the main component of automobile noise in the study of controlling vehicle noise. It is primary to design a type of muffler which is good for agricultural automobile engine matching and noise reduction effect. The present car mufflers are all development means. So it is bound to cause the long cycle of product development and waste of resources. Even sometimes not only can it not reach the purpose of reducing the noise but also it leads to reduce the engine dynamic. The strength of the exhaust noise is closely related to engine combustion temperature and pressure. The calculation and initial parameters are applied to the software based on the combustion model and theory. According to the specific operation process of internal combustion engine. Five kinds of common operation condition was compiled. It is obtained for the detailed distribution parameters of combusted gas temperature pressure . It is also got for flow velocity of the fields in cylinder and given for the relation of the parameters and crankshaft angle for the further research. At the same time NOx emissions situation are got. The numerical results show that not only does it provide the 3D distribution data in different crank shaft angle inside the cylinder in the simulation of combustion process, but also it provides a basis for the engine combustion ,emission research, the optimization design of the combustion chamber and the useful information for the designs of muffler.

Effect of Engine Operating Parameters on Combustion and Emission Characteristics

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Eugene L. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Pollutants Emission

Abstract Numerical simulation of flow, combustion, heat release rate and pollutants emission characteristics have been obtained using a single cylinder internal combustion engine operating with propane as the fuel. The data are compared with experimental results and show excellent agreement for peak pressure and the rate of pressure rise as a function of crank angle. The results obtained for NO and CO are also found to be in good agreement and are similar to those reported in the literature for the chosen combustion chamber geometry. The results have shown that both the combustion chamber geometry and engine operating parameters affects the flame growth within the combustion chamber which subsequently affects the pollutants emission levels. The code employed the time marching procedure and solves the governing partial differential equations of multi-component chemically reacting fluid flow by finite difference method. The numerical results provide a cost effective means of developing advanced internal combustion engine chamber geometry design that provides high efficiency and low pollution levels. It is expected that increased computational tools will be used in the future for enhancing our understanding of the detailed combustion process in internal combustion engines and all other energy conversion systems. Such detailed information is critical for the development of advanced methods for energy conservation and environmental pollution control.

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