ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS OF THE MEDIEVAL LIVONIAN ORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 4-18
Author(s):  
Kilimnik E.V.
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Order System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Whole Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Privately Owned

The main purpose of the presented work is a cultural and historical analysis of the evolution of the cul-tural development of medieval Livonia on the example of monuments of defense architecture. The task is to conduct an art analysis of the existing variety of architectural forms of medieval castle complexes of the 13th and 16th centuries, located in different regions of Latvia and Estonia, which have undergone expansion by the feudal Germany, Denmark and Sweden. Creation of architectural and historical clas-sification of castle forms that were in the regions of the medieval Livonian Order of State in the Baltics. As a result of the analysis, the author summarized the historical diversity of the existing architectural and artistic forms of feudal castles of medieval Latvia and Estonia. The common and special in the ar-chitectural forms of castles on the basis of the introduction to this north-eastern region of Europe bor-rowed customs of European castle-building and architectural traditions of the monastic order of the Cistercians of Burgundy has been revealed. It is determined that the castle of the Order of Livon, the fortified residence of medieval bishops in Livonia and Estland, privately owned castles was a whole space, synthesized in the natural environment, social order, system world understanding of the knights-monks of the Order of Livon, which was directly reflected in the architectural forms of castle complexes of the 13th - 16th centuries. taking into account the existing pan-European and local architectural, de-fense and cultural differences. The study makes a significant contribution to the theory and history of art. A new scientific direction has been developed - the history and typology of the castle architecture of medieval Latvia and Estonia.

B.K. Utizheva in Adyghe linguistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
B.Ch. Bizhoev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the historical analysis of the philological sciences of Boris Kuneevich Utizhev. He is better known as a talented playwright and poet, but, nevertheless, he is a person who made a significant contribution to the Circassian linguistics. The range of his interests in this field was wide – modern grammar and history of the language, dialectology, lexicology and lexicography, stylistics, according to which he published articles, monographs, dictionaries. In this article, an attempt is made to appreciate the significance of the works of B.K. Utizheva for the development of Adygology.

scholarly journals ‘A Local Habitation and a Name’: The Dublin Mechanics’ Institute and the Evolution of Dublin’s Public Sphere, 1824–1904

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ramon
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Lecture Hall ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Abbey Theatre ◽  
Public Events ◽  
Common Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common

The Dublin Mechanics’ Institute (1824–1919), like others of its kind, was established with the declared purpose of providing technical education to the city’s working classes. While its educational objectives were at best partially achieved, the Institute made a significant contribution to the development of Dublin’s public sphere. Especially after 1848, when the Institute acquired the building that would later become the Abbey Theatre, its premises became a hybrid space where the lower middle and working classes could not only attend courses and lectures, but also receive political training on the managing board, organise their own public events at the lecture hall and negotiate relations with their ‘social betters’ in the common area of the reading room. This article looks at the Dublin Mechanics’ Institute through the different venues it occupied between 1824 and 1904, in order to examine the connection between the provision and regulation of physical space and the development of civic and political culture. It argues that the Institute, far from representing a history of failure, must be understood as a key piece in the incorporation of the lower middle and working classes to Irish civic life during the middle decades of the nineteenth century.

Wells, Land, and History

2015 ◽  
pp. 322-344
Author(s):  
Karl-Johan Lindholm
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Historical Ecology ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Communal Area

Historical ecology has resulted in an increased engagement by archaeologists in present-day discussions concerned with environmental change, local livelihoods, and sustainable rural development. This chapter discusses the pastoral land-use history of the Eastern Communal Area in north-eastern Namibia, southern Africa, and argues that the lack of a detailed historical analysis of the current land organization has resulted in a rather static image of people and land-use in this area. This in turn has fed into current rural development efforts, which seem to reinforce a colonial heritage. Hence, the main objective of the case study is to situate current discussions concerning rural development and conservation efforts in eastern Namibia in a historically rooted landscape. The chapter exemplifies how archaeology in combination with a landscape approach can contribute to a better understanding of the processes that have shaped the present setting of rural development efforts.

Metaphysics, Moral Sense, and the Pragmatism of the Law

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna L. Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
American Constitution ◽  
Brain Sciences ◽  
Philosophical Standpoint ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy

The authors of these insightful and stimulating commentaries all express skepticism about the role I assign to the Scottish Common Sense philosophy in my historical analysis, though their reasons for doing so are strikingly at odds with each other. Sarah Seo and John Witt concede the importance of the Common Sense philosophy at a theoretical level, even as they call attention to certain “competitor theories” of human nature, noting that these darker views of the self may have proved more influential in the framing of the American constitution. However, they go on to contend that all of this philosophizing about the human mind was actually of little consequence in the everyday adjudication of civil and criminal liability, as judges found more practical means of resolving “the otherwise intractable questions of moral responsibility” left unanswered by the Scottish philosophy. John Mikhail, by contrast, appears to be far more sanguine about the tractability of these questions, from a philosophical standpoint, going so far as to suggest that they were more or less resolved by British moralists before the Scottish Common Sense school even came into being. What truly set the Common Sense philosophers apart from their predecessors, and ought to determine their place in this history of ideas, Mikhail concludes, was the manner in which they contributed to the scientific process of tracing out the inner structure and innate capacities of “the moral mind”—a topic that is currently of intense interest in the cognitive and brain sciences.

scholarly journals Ethno Medicinal Plants used for Aphrodisiac Activity in North-East, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 314-322
Author(s):  
Md Rejwan Ahmed Choudhury ◽  
Mrinmoy Basak
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Region ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The People ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
The Common

North Eastern Region of India is the home for a wide variety of plants with high medicinal value. The wide availability of the plant with high medicinal value has provided the ease of their use for generations among the various ethnic communities of the region to treat various kinds of health issues. This paper presents an extensive review of the various plants that were pointed out in various ethno botanical surveys that are being used by the people of North Eastern India with aphrodisiac activity. The common name along with the biological names and the part used and other details have been reported in the paper with an intention of making it easier for researchers to develop newer herbal aphrodisiac formulations.

scholarly journals Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im östlichen Europa im deutsch-polnischen Diskurs. Über Asymmetrien des historischen Erinnerns

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 399-423
Author(s):  
Matthias Weber
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Historical Issues

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit zwei Bereichen: der deutschen und polnischen Auseinandersetzung mit der gemeinsamen Vergangenheit ebenso wie mit der deutsch-polnischen Konfliktgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Er argumentiert für eine wechselseitige Abgleichung, Ergänzung und Vervollständigung der Geschichtsbilder, ohne zu versuchen, Vereinheitlichungen oder gar Standardisierungen vorzunehmen; dabei werden wissenschaftliche Fragen ebenso wie praktische Probleme der Gestaltung von kollektiver Erinnerung angesprochen.Culture and history of the Germans in Eastern Europein German-Polish debate. On the asymmetry of memoriesThis paper deals with both past and current German and Polish historical debate on the common past and experiences, and especially the history of conflict in the twentieth century. It argues for a reconciliation and the mutual completion of historical analysis and views of history. It argues likewise for contrasting approaches to become attuned to and supplement one another without seeking to standardize the consideration of historical issues. Perspectives of scholarly as well as of practical questions of memory are reflected.

scholarly journals The Figure of the Gypsy (Cigano) as a Signpost for Crises of the Social Hierarchy (Bahia, 1590s–1900s)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-341
Author(s):  
Martin Fotta
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Late Nineteenth

AbstractGypsies (Ciganos in Portuguese) have been present in Brazil since the earliest days of Portuguese colonization. Part of the (free) masses (o povo, “the people”), they were known primarily as itinerant traders of trinkets, slaves, and animals, and were one category of intermediaries who made the internal economy function. Authorities viewed their lifestyle and activities with suspicion. Focusing on the state of Bahia, in the north-eastern region of Brazil, between the late sixteenth and late nineteenth centuries, this article shows that the tenuous position of Gypsies was amenable to transformations reflecting political priorities and ideas about the proper social order. The continued difference of Ciganos and their independent way of making a living were at times problematized by elites, embodying wider tensions between the authorities and the people. The case of Bahian Ciganos is revelatory within Romani-related historiography in that it foregrounds connected developments within locales enmeshed in a metropole–periphery relationship, continuities between imperial and nation-building projects, and the centrality of race on which they were built.

Putting Capitalism in Its Place: Economies of Worth and the Practice of Australian History

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-217
Author(s):  
Frances Flanagan ◽  
Ben Huf
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
New Left ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Writing histories of capitalism involves making decisions about how to contextualise the wider non-capitalist formations that underpin and sustain capitalist processes. This article introduces Boltanski and Thévenot’s economies of worth (EW) framework as a tool and stimulus for historians to historicise capitalism as a social order while simultaneously avoiding the determinism of concepts such as commodification and capitalist accumulation. The article identifies four dominant approaches to contextualisation of capitalism in Australia in the past: economic history, radical nationalism, the New Left and settler capitalism. It then introduces EW, a repertoire of competing conceptions of the common good that, we argue, offers a framework for systematically drawing contested, hybrid and co-existent forms of capitalist and non-capitalist value, or “worth,” into view across multiple temporal and spatial scales. The potential usefulness of this framework is illustrated through a discussion of recent scholarship in the history of capitalism in Australia.

Political Thought in Portugal and its Empire, c.1500–1800

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Politics And Government ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

Showcasing texts by Portuguese and Luso-Brazilian authors, this volume demonstrates the wealth of the political thought of early modern Portugal and its empire. Gathering together important texts on social order, government, and politics by authors who made a significant contribution to the development of early modern Portugal, it demonstrates that Portugal was the setting for vibrant political debate, often shaped by, and emerging in response to, very particular assumptions, circumstances, and concerns. Combining a chronological approach with in-depth thematic sections, the book explores how some controversies that took place in Portugal centred on themes similar to those in other European countries, while others were linked to the specific nature and history of the Portuguese monarchy and its interactions with other polities. It thus offers an overview of the main debates on politics and government and contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the multifaceted history of European political ideas.

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