scholarly journals Methodology for the Study of Socio-Political Attitudes of International Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
S. V. Rastorguev ◽  
Z. I. Volkhonskaya
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Integrated Index ◽  
The Social

The article presents the rationale for the classification of international students based on civilizational criteria. The authors identified and characterized eight cultural profiles: two post-Soviet profiles, European, Latin American, African, Arabic, Chinese, and southern.The authors propose to use sociological scales to identify and measure the socio-political attitudes of international students. The authors proposed their options for the following scales: the social distance of E. Bogardus, equal intervals of L. Thurstone, total ratings of R. Likert, the scale of L. Guttman. We also proposed the author’s interpretation of the method of semantic differential of C. Osgood. Each scale allows you to identify and measure attitudes towards Russia. Finally, the authors proposed an integral index of socio-political attitudes. The integral index consists of an average of five of the above indices. The integrated index allows you to minimize research errors and compare the attitudes of students from different cultural profiles.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Social Attitudes of Foreign Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
M. B. Ponyavina ◽  
S. V. Rastorguev ◽  
P. S. Seleznev ◽  
A. A. Suchilina ◽  
A. B. Shatilov
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Social

It is necessary to monitor the social attitudes of foreign students in order to involve foreign applicants in a favorable to Russia discourse, applying the concept of “soft power”. Applicants’ social attitudes have a direct impact on the choice of the country of study and on the effectiveness of social, cultural, pedagogical adaptation of foreign students. The socio-cultural characteristics of foreign students were studied using focus groups, expert polls, and narrative interviews. The classification of foreign students according to cultural profiles has been made. Attitudes of students from different cultural profiles were monitored according to the questionnaires developed by the authors. Based on the scaling techniques of E. Bogardus, C. Osgood, L. Thurstone, L. Guttman, R. Likert, an integral index was calculated for each cultural profile. Methods for monitoring the social attitudes of foreign applicants make it possible to identify the specifics and dynamics of the attitudes of cultural profiles. Positive attitudes towards Russia contribute to the export of Russian educational services and attractiveness of the Russian cultural space and the educational system. 

scholarly journals Effects of government actions on safety and security perceptions of international students during COVID-19 pandemic in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George N. Chidimbah Munthali ◽  
Wu Xuelian ◽  
Shi Yu ◽  
John Feston Kudzala
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract Introduction: International students’ safety and security matters as they are migrants and foreigners belonging to a special minority group of people that need to be protected each and every time in breach of which may have diplomatic and international endeavors. This study was aimed at finding the effects of government actions in regards to safety and security perceptions of international students in China during COVID-19 Pandemic. Materials and methods: A cross- sectional design survey was conducted in March 2020 from 13 different universities in Hubei province of China. Data was collected through an online Microsoft questionnaire which was send to selected universities groups that were purposively and conveniently sampled. IBM SPSS version 24 software was used to analyses the data; Pearson correlational was performed at statistical significance put at*p<0.05; **p<0.01. Results: 300 questionnaires were received out of 392, representing a response rate of 76.5%, majority of the respondents were in age group of 20-30 86%, single 93%, undergraduate 79%, stayed 2 years above 61%, belonging to Christianity 51.7% and Islam 37%. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between social distance measures and safety and security perceptions, but there was no correlation between information dissemination and safety and security perception, lastly, the results showed that students were materially supported with their respective authorities and that the political will was good. Conclusion: The actions of the government especially through the social distance measures have proved to positively increase international students’ safety and security perceptions. Further, authorities tried to facilitate material and social support to the students. We recommend authorities to continue putting the safety and security of international students at their heart as it is demonstrated in China.

Streekgebonden spreiding van voorkeurstemmen

Res Publica ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Bram Wauters
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
European Elections ◽  
Senate Elections ◽  
Equal Share ◽  
The Social ◽  
Weak Concentration ◽  
The Way

The way in which preferential votes of a candidate are spread over a large constituency is analysed for the Belgian Senate elections of 1995 and the European elections of 1994 in Belgium, which are both held in large constituencies.  A formula that indicates the concentration of preferential votes controls in each sub-unit of the constituency for the number of votes, the number of votes of the candidate's party and the number of preferential votes. When this variabele is combined with a variabele indicating the total number of preferential votes of a candidate, an interesting classification of nine categories of candidates is archieved.The fact that some candidates have a weak concentration of preferential votes in a sub-unit can be explained either by the social distance between candidate and citizen or by the f act that some candidates, due to their media appearences, are welt known all over the constituency and hence that they obtain an equal share of preferential votes in each sub-unit. The place on the party list and the visibility of a candidate in the campaign have an influence upon the category under which a candidate ressorts.

Attitude to and social distance from schizophrenic patients as forms of stigmatization, investigated by a group of medical professionals and a group of non-professional subjects

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S571-S572
Author(s):  
G. Grbesa ◽  
M. Simonovic ◽  
M. Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Distance Scale ◽  
Semantic Differential Scale ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Social Distance Scale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

IntroductionThe attitude to schizophrenic patients has always been considered a significant indicator of stigmatization of mental patients. The social aspect of stigmatization involves the social distance when speaking about the attitudes towards mental patients. The social distance is defined as “a various degree of understanding and feelings existing among the groups”.ObjectivesThe investigation included 120 participants divided into two groups. The first group included 60 participants; psychiatrists (38) directly involved in treating schizophrenia and 28 nurses working in wards where schizophrenic patients were treated. The second group of 60 participants included non-professionals divided according to age and gender to match the experiment group.AimsInvestigating the correlation between the proclaimed attitudes to and social distance from schizophrenic patients: medical professionals and non-professional subjects.MethodsSemantic differential scale was used to examine the personal attitudes towards a stigmatized group. To examine social distance, the modified Bogardus Social was used.ResultsThe results obtained using the Semantic differential scale to examine the attitudes did not show statistically significant score difference between the two groups of patients Bogardus Social Distance Scale score showed statistically significant difference (P > 0.03). A significant score on the scale of social distance can be recognized in both psychiatry professionals and non-professionals.ConclusionStratification of items on the social distance scale shows a great social distance in the sphere of intimacy and slightly lower score on the level of social relations. The group having competent knowledge concerning the disease shows sophisticated way of hiding behind professional reasons.Disclosure of InterestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Effects of Political Attitudes on Affective Polarization: Survey Evidence from 165 Elections

2022 ◽  
pp. 147892992110673
Author(s):  
João V Guedes-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Political Knowledge ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dominant Parties ◽  
Cross National

How do individual-level political attitudes influence affective polarization on a global scale? This article contributes to the debate on the social distance of party affect by testing a set of hypotheses in 165 elections across the world. With a sample of over 170,000 voters, the results of multilevel mixed-effects regressions demonstrate that ideological radicalism, political knowledge, and external efficacy substantively affect how voters see the main political parties in electoral disputes taking place in 52 countries from 1996 to 2019. Satisfaction with democracy, however, is context-dependent; it positively influences affective polarization only when generalized democratic satisfaction is low. Furthermore, I show that these correlations remain stable regardless of the operationalization of affective polarization—that is, based on two dominant parties and weighted for multiparty competition. These findings provide robust inputs to the study of party preferences and social distance in a cross-national longitudinal perspective.

scholarly journals Classification of the social distance during the COVID ‐19 pandemic from electricity consumption using artificial intelligence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Airam T. Z. R. Sausen ◽  
Maurício Campos ◽  
Paulo S. Sausen ◽  
Manuel O. Binelo ◽  
Marcia F. B. Binelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
The Social

Seeing Similarity or Distance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Wilton ◽  
Diana T. Sanchez ◽  
Lisa Giamo
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergroup Perception ◽  
Intergroup Perceptions ◽  
Racially Ambiguous ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Biracial individuals threaten the distinctiveness of racial groups because they have mixed-race ancestry, but recent findings suggest that exposure to biracial-labeled, racially ambiguous faces may positively influence intergroup perception by reducing essentialist thinking among Whites ( Young, Sanchez, & Wilton, 2013 ). However, biracial exposure may not lead to positive intergroup perceptions for Whites who are highly racially identified and thus motivated to preserve the social distance between racial groups. We exposed Whites to racially ambiguous Asian/White biracial faces and measured the perceived similarity between Asians and Whites. We found that exposure to racially ambiguous, biracial-labeled targets may improve perceptions of intergroup similarity, but only for Whites who are less racially identified. Results are discussed in terms of motivated intergroup perception.

Social-Psychological Models in Labor Motivation Analysis

2004 ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Surkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Economic Man ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Models ◽  
Social Psychological Approach

Benefits of using social-psychological approach in the analysis of labor motivations are considered in the article. Classification of employees as objects of economic analysis is offered: "the economic man", "the man of the organization", "the social man" and "the asocial man". Related models give the opportunity to predict behavior of the firm in different situations, such as shocks of various nature.

People represent their own mental states more distinctly than others’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Allen Thornton ◽  
Miriam E. Weaverdyck ◽  
Judith Mildner ◽  
Diana Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Privileged Access ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
External Cues

One can never know the internal workings of another person – one can only infer others’ mental states based on external cues. In contrast, each person has direct access to the contents of their own mind. Here we test the hypothesis that this privileged access shapes the way people represent internal mental experiences, such that they represent their own mental states more distinctly than the states of others. Across four studies, participants considered their own and others’ mental states; analyses measured the distinctiveness of mental state representations. Two neuroimaging studies used representational similarity analyses to demonstrate that the social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one’s own states versus others’. Two behavioral studies support these findings. Further, they demonstrate that people differentiate between states less as social distance increases. Together these results suggest that we represent our own mind with greater granularity than the minds of others.

Philosophcal review of h. white̕s tropological theory in the context of the new philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. M. Geiko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Lauta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Nature ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides a philosophical analysis of the tropological theory of the history of H. White. The researcher claims that history is a specific kind of literature, and the historical works is the connection of a certain set of research and narrative operations. The first type of operation answers the question of why the event happened this way and not the other. The second operation is the social description, the narrative of events, the intellectual act of organizing the actual material. According to H. White, this is where the set of ideas and preferences of the researcher begin to work, mainly of a literary and historical nature. Explanations are the main mechanism that becomes the common thread of the narrative. The are implemented through using plot (romantic, satire, comic and tragic) and trope systems – the main stylistic forms of text organization (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony). The latter decisively influenced for result of the work historians. Historiographical style follows the tropological model, the selection of which is determined by the historian’s individual language practice. When the choice is made, the imagination is ready to create a narrative. Therefore, the historical understanding, according to H. White, can only be tropological. H. White proposes a new methodology for historical research. During the discourse, adequate speech is created to analyze historical phenomena, which the philosopher defines as prefigurative tropological movement. This is how history is revealed through the art of anthropology. Thus, H. White’s tropical history theory offers modern science f meaningful and metatheoretically significant. The structure of concepts on which the classification of historiographical styles can be based and the predictive function of philosophy regarding historical knowledge can be refined.

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