scholarly journals Proposta de Zoneamento Ambiental para a Reserva Biológica das Araucárias com Base em Atributos Topográficos

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3025
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Ferreira Maganhotto ◽  
Luis Claudio De PAula Souza ◽  
Jairo Calderari De Oliveira Junior ◽  
Marciel Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Topographic Attributes ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Biological Reserve

O consumo dos recursos naturais trouxe à tona questionamentos sobre o que pode ser feito para evitar prejuízos cada vez maiores à natureza. Sendo assim, as Unidades de Conservação (UCs) passam a exercer papel primordial no processo de proteção ambiental. Soma-se a isso o plano de manejo, instrumento que estabelece o zoneamento da UC e as normas que devem presidir o uso da área. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou propor o zoneamento ambiental da REBIO das Araucárias a partir do processamento de atributos topográficos e das suas correlações com o uso do solo. Para tanto, foram gerados diversos atributos topográficos derivados do Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT). Como resultados, verificou-se que a utilização dos atributos topográficos possibilitou o entendimento das informações pedológicas e de limitação de uso (susceptibilidade ambiental). Logo, para o zoneamento, realizou-se tabulação cruzada entre a Limitação de Uso e o Uso do Solo, sendo delineadas as Zonas de Manejo da unidade. Environmental zoning proposal for the Araucária Biological Reserve based on topographic attributes A B S T R A C TThe consumption of natural resources has raised questions about what can be done to avoid increasing damage to nature. Thus, Conservation Units (PAs) play a major role in the process of environmental protection. Add to this the management plan, an instrument that establishes the zoning of the CU and the norms that should govern the use of the area. In this context, this work aimed to propose the environmental zoning of REBIO das Araucárias from the processing of topographic attributes and their correlations with land use. For this, several topographic attributes derived from the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) were generated. As results, it was verified that the use of the topographic attributes made possible the understanding of the pedological information and of limitation of use (environmental susceptibility). Therefore, for the zoning, a cross-tabulation was performed between the Use Limitation and the Land Use, and the Management Areas of the unit were delineated.Keywords: Geotechnology; Topographic Attributes; Protected Áreas.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS NO MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE EROSIVA NA ÁREA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-219
Author(s):  
José Guilherme de Oliveira ◽  
Alexei Nowatzki ◽  
Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Map Algebra ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Topographic Attributes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Topographic Characteristics ◽  
Northwest Region

A região noroeste do estado do Paraná ao longo dos últimos 50 anos vem sofrendo diversos impactos decorrentes de processos erosivos lineares, ravinas e voçorocas principalmente. A ocorrência desses processos está associada a dois fatores: o histórico de ocupação da região, bem como as características pedológicas locais, principalmente a textura dos solos e sua distribuição nas vertentes. O método adotado para o mapeamento de suscetibilidade é uma adaptação do proposto por Crepani et al. (2001). Esse autor define que a suscetibilidade de uma área é definida pela soma das vulnerabilidades dos componentes do meio físico. Para a realização do trabalho foram selecionados os atributos topográficos declividade e perfil de curvatura; na pedologia, as tipologias de solo. Os resultados foram discretizados em 5 classes: Muito baixa, baixa, média, alta e muito alta suscetibilidade. As áreas de suscetibilidade a erosão Alta e Muito alta, representam 24% do município, sendo que nessas porções se concentram 26% das erosões, o tipo de solo em conjunto com as características topográficas fazem essa área mais propicia naturalmente a ocorrência dos processos erosivos. A classe de moderada suscetibilidade a erosão representam cerca de 40% do município e 54% das feições erosivas se concentra nessa unidade. Palavras-chave: Erosão; Modelo Digital de Terreno; Álgebra de Mapas.   USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES IN THE EROSIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING IN THE RURAL AREA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF PARANAVAÍ – PR Abstract The northwest region of the state of Paraná over the last 50 years has suffered several impacts and consequences of linear erosives, ravines and gullies mainly. The occurrence of these processes is mainly associated with two factors: the occupation history of the region, as well as local soil characteristics, mainly the soil texture and a distribution of soils along the slopes. The methodology adopted for the mapping of susceptibility to erosion follows a line of thought developed by Crepani et al. (2001). This proposal defines that the vulnerability of an area is defined by the sum of the vulnerabilities of the components of the physical environment. For the accomplishment of the methodology were selected, to represent the geomorphology, the topographic attributes: slope, curvature plane and profile; for pedology, soil typologies were selected.  The results were discretized in 5 classes, from environments less susceptible to the most susceptible.  The areas of susceptibility to erosion High and Very high, summed represent 24% of the municipality, being that in these portions it concentrates 26% of the area of the erosions, once in these areas the type of soil together with the topographic characteristics make it  more propitious to the occurrence of linear erosive processes.The moderate susceptibility to erosion class represent about 40% of the municipality and 54% of the area of ​​erosive features is concentrated in this unit. Keywords: Erosions; Digital Terrain Model; Map Algebra.   UTILIZACIÓN DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS EN EL MAPEO DE SUSCEPTIBILIDAD EROSIVA EN EL ÁREA RURAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR Resumen  La región noroeste del estado de Paraná en los últimos 50 años viene sufriendo impactos producto de procesos erosivos lineales, regueros y cárcavas principalmente. La ocurrencia de estos procesos está asociada a dos factores: el modo de ocupación de la región y las características pedológicas locales, principalmente la textura de los suelos y su distribución en las vertientes. El método adoptado para el mapeo de susceptibilidad es una adaptación del propuesto por Crepani et al. (2001). Este autor especifica que la susceptibilidad de un área está definida por la suma de las vulnerabilidades de los componentes del medio físico. Para realizar este trabajo fueron seleccionados los atributos topográficos declividad y perfil de curvatura; en la pedología, las tipologías de suelo. Los resultados fueron representados en 5 clases: muy baja, baja, media, alta y muy alta susceptibilidad. Las áreas de susceptibilidad a erosión alta y muy alta, representan el 24% del municipio, sumado a ello en esas porciones se concentran el 26% de las erosiones, por lo tanto el tipo de suelo en conjunto con las características topográficas hacen de esas áreas las más propicias naturalmente a la ocurrencia de procesos erosivos. La clase de moderada susceptibilidad a erosión representa cerca del 40% del municipio y el 54% de los rasgos erosivos se concentran en esa unidad. Palabras claves: Erosión; Modelo Digital del Terreno; Álgebra del Mapas.

The Use of Digital Terrain Model in the Study of Distribution of Cultural Landscape Elements based on the Example of Silesia Beskid

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Sobala ◽  
Barbara Czajka
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Landscape Elements ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Topographic Attributes ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Abstract Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and maps based on it, are very valuable tool in investigations of distribution of cultural landscape elements. Connection DTM with a digital land cover maps, clearly illustrate factors determinate location of various landscape elements. The paper presents the applicability of Digital Terrain Model to detect the influence of topographic attributes on landscape elements distribution and to determinate the landscape’s structure in the different altitudinal zones. Presented results, are the effect of the first phase of cultural landscape elements distribution research and they are starting point to look for other factors which could effect on structure of the landscape.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE VULNERABILITY DEGREE OF DIFFERENT LITHOLOGICAL FORMATIONS IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF AGIA EIRINI GORGE, WESTERN CRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
A. Bizoura ◽  
E. Lykoudi ◽  
E. Spyridonos ◽  
E. Manoutsoglou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a methodology for assessing the degree of vulnerability of different lithology formations constituting the drainage basin of the gorge of Agia Eirini. The methodology is based on the processing of spatial aspects parameters of lithology, hydrography, geomorphology and the vegetation cover, which are related with the weathering impact on formations either directly or indirectly. Initially a series of primary spatial data on geology, topography, the river network and the land use in the region, were used to produce thematic maps. These maps include the geological map, the digital terrain model (DTM), the map of the land use, and hydrographic maps of density and frequency. By processing the data according to their role in enhancing the vulnerability of formations, the data were determined and the following thematic maps: “Map of geological formations susceptible to weathering”, “Map of hydrographic texture”, “Map of morphological inclinations” and “land use map protecting against the loss of disintegrated material were produced. By appropriate combination of these secondary data, areas of vulnerability of formations were recorded which are shown on a final thematic map. This information is particularly valuable in the management planning and gives the opportunity to evaluate and predict the impact of various proposed projects or future scenarios. They can also be used to identify positions to take necessary measures to protect areas at high risk of loss of material.

scholarly journals Individualization of soil classes by disaggregation of physiographic map polygons

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Janderson Ferreira Costa ◽  
Elvio Giasson ◽  
Elisângela Benedet da Silva ◽  
Alcinei Ribeiro Campos ◽  
Israel Rosa Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Physiographic Unit ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Soil Map ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Cross Tabulation ◽  
Geomorphometric Parameters

Abstract: The objective of this work was to disaggregate the polygons of physiographic map units in order to individualize the soil classes in each one, representing them as simple soil map units and generating a more detailed soil map than the original one, making these data more useful for future reference. A physiographic map, on a 1:25,000 scale, of the Tarumãzinho watershed, located in the municipality of Águas Frias, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, was used. For disaggregation, three geomorphometric parameters were applied: slope and landforms, both derived from the digital terrain model; and an elevation map. The boundaries of the physiographic units and the elevation, slope, and landform maps were subjected to cross tabulation to identify the existing combinations between the soil classes of each physiographic unit. Based on these combinations, rules were established to select typical areas of occurrence of each soil type in order to train a decision tree model to predict the occurrence of soil classes. The model was trained using the Weka software and was validated with a set of georeferenced soil profiles. Disaggregation enables the individualization and spatialization of soil classes and is useful in producing detailed soil maps.

scholarly journals The Effect of LiDAR Sampling Density on DTM Accuracy for Areas with Heavy Forest Cover

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Mihnea Cățeanu ◽  
Arcadie Ciubotaru
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Sampling Density ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Point Density ◽  
The Impact

Laser scanning via LiDAR is a powerful technique for collecting data necessary for Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generation, even in densely forested areas. LiDAR observations located at the ground level can be separated from the initial point cloud and used as input for the generation of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) via interpolation. This paper proposes a quantitative analysis of the accuracy of DTMs (and derived slope maps) obtained from LiDAR data and is focused on conditions common to most forestry activities (rough, steep terrain with forest cover). Three interpolation algorithms were tested: Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Natural Neighbour (NN) and Thin-Plate Spline (TPS). Research was mainly focused on the issue of point data density. To analyze its impact on the quality of ground surface modelling, the density of the filtered data set was artificially lowered (from 0.89 to 0.09 points/m2) by randomly removing point observations in 10% increments. This provides a comprehensive method of evaluating the impact of LiDAR ground point density on DTM accuracy. While the reduction of point density leads to a less accurate DTM in all cases (as expected), the exact pattern varies by algorithm. The accuracy of the LiDAR-derived DTMs is relatively good even when LiDAR sampling density is reduced to 0.40–0.50 points/m2 (50–60 % of the initial point density), as long as a suitable interpolation algorithm is used (as IDW proved to be less resilient to density reductions below approximately 0.60 points/m2). In the case of slope estimation, the pattern is relatively similar, except the difference in accuracy between IDW and the other two algorithms is even more pronounced than in the case of DTM accuracy. Based on this research, we conclude that LiDAR is an adequate method for collecting morphological data necessary for modelling the ground surface, even when the sampling density is significantly reduced.

scholarly journals DTM-based analysis of the spatial distribution of topolineaments

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1185-1199
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Empirical Bayesian Kriging ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Airborne Laser

AbstractThe research area is located on the boundary between two Paleozoic structural units: the Radom–Kraśnik Block and the Mazovian–Lublin Basin in the southeastern Poland. The tectonic structures are separated by the Ursynów–Kazimierz Dolny fault zone. The digital terrain model obtained by the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) method was used. Classification and filtration of an elevation point cloud were performed. Then, from the elevation points representing only surfaces, a digital terrain model was generated. The model was used to visually interpret the course of topolineaments and their automatic extraction from DTM. Two topolineament systems, trending NE–SW and NW–SE, were interpreted. Using the kernel density algorithm, topolineament density models were generated. Using the Empirical Bayesian Kriging, a thickness model of quaternary deposits was generated. A relationship was observed between the course of topolineaments and the distribution and thickness of Quaternary formations. The topolineaments were compared with fault directions marked on tectonic maps of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. Data validation showed consistency between topolineaments and tectonic faults. The obtained results are encouraging for further research.

scholarly journals Production, Validation and Morphometric Analysis of a Digital Terrain Model for Lake Trichonis Using Geospatial Technologies and Hydroacoustics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Triantafyllia-Maria Perivolioti ◽  
Antonios Mouratidis ◽  
Dimitrios Terzopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Kalaitzis ◽  
Dimitrios Ampatzidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Systematic Observation ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain

Covering an area of approximately 97 km2 and with a maximum depth of 58 m, Lake Trichonis is the largest and one of the deepest natural lakes in Greece. As such, it constitutes an important ecosystem and freshwater reserve at the regional scale, whose qualitative and quantitative properties ought to be monitored. Depth is a crucial parameter, as it is involved in both qualitative and quantitative monitoring aspects. Thus, the availability of a bathymetric model and a reliable DTM (Digital Terrain Model) of such an inland water body is imperative for almost any systematic observation scenario or ad hoc measurement endeavor. In this context, the purpose of this study is to produce a DTM from the only official cartographic source of relevant information available (dating back approximately 70 years) and evaluate its performance against new, independent, high-accuracy hydroacoustic recordings. The validation procedure involves the use of echosoundings coupled with GPS, and is followed by the production of a bathymetric model for the assessment of the discrepancies between the DTM and the measurements, along with the relevant morphometric analysis. Both the production and validation of the DTM are conducted in a GIS environment. The results indicate substantial discrepancies between the old DTM and contemporary acoustic data. A significant overall deviation of 3.39 ± 5.26 m in absolute bottom elevation differences and 0.00 ± 7.26 m in relative difference residuals (0.00 ± 2.11 m after 2nd polynomial model corrector surface fit) of the 2019 bathymetric dataset with respect to the ~1950 lake DTM and overall morphometry appear to be associated with a combination of tectonics, subsidence and karstic phenomena in the area. These observations could prove useful for the tectonics, geodynamics and seismicity with respect to the broader Corinth Rift region, as well as for environmental management and technical interventions in and around the lake. This dictates the necessity for new, extensive bathymetric measurements in order to produce an updated DTM of Lake Trichonis, reflecting current conditions and tailored to contemporary accuracy standards and state-of-the-art research in various disciplines in and around the lake.

scholarly journals Modeling Streamflow and Sediment Loads with a Photogrammetrically Derived UAS Digital Terrain Model: Empirical Evaluation from a Fluvial Aggregate Excavation Operation

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Hupy ◽  
Cyril O. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Sediment Loading ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Geospatial Datasets

Soil erosion monitoring is a pivotal exercise at macro through micro landscape levels, which directly informs environmental management at diverse spatial and temporal scales. The monitoring of soil erosion can be an arduous task when completed through ground-based surveys and there are uncertainties associated with the use of large-scale medium resolution image-based digital elevation models for estimating erosion rates. LiDAR derived elevation models have proven effective in modeling erosion, but such data proves costly to obtain, process, and analyze. The proliferation of images and other geospatial datasets generated by unmanned aerial systems (UAS) is increasingly able to reveal additional nuances that traditional geospatial datasets were not able to obtain due to the former’s higher spatial resolution. This study evaluated the efficacy of a UAS derived digital terrain model (DTM) to estimate surface flow and sediment loading in a fluvial aggregate excavation operation in Waukesha County, Wisconsin. A nested scale distributed hydrologic flow and sediment loading model was constructed for the UAS point cloud derived DTM. To evaluate the effectiveness of flow and sediment loading generated by the UAS point cloud derived DTM, a LiDAR derived DTM was used for comparison in consonance with several statistical measures of model efficiency. Results demonstrate that the UAS derived DTM can be used in modeling flow and sediment erosion estimation across space in the absence of a LiDAR-based derived DTM.

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