Análise e distribuição espacial do potencial para a sustentabilidade no pós-pandemia do COVID-19 nos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul

A pandemia causada pelo coronavírus disparou a possibilidade da crise em diversos segmentos, sobretudo com a adoção do isolamento social, principal ação para o controle da doença infectocontagiosa. O presente estudo justifica-se pela preocupação em relação às tendências do desenvolvimento sustentável no pós-pandemia da COVID-19, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A mensuração do grau de sustentabilidade dos municípios segue a tese de que, quanto maior for o grau de sustentabilidade dos municípios, menor o impacto da pandemia, e maiores os recursos para restabelecer o equilíbrio. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar a distribuição espacial do potencial para a sustentabilidade no pós-pandemia do COVID-19, nos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, a fim de gerar um mapa de risco sobre os municípios com menor e maior potencial para a sustentabilidade no pós-pandemia. Foi realizada uma análise ecológica, aplicado o instrumento Barômetro da Sustentabilidade, realizada a distribuição e análise espacial, utilizando o cálculo do Índice de Moran. Os resultados apresentam a distribuição e análise espacial do número de casos confirmados, coeficiente de incidência e quantitativo de óbitos pela COVID-19 no Estado. A espacialidade pode explicar o coeficiente de incidência da doença. Foi estimado o potencial para a sustentabilidade e gerado o mapa de risco do potencial para a sustentabilidade, no pós-pandemia do COVID-19, para os municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Spatial analysis and distribution of the potential for sustainability in the post-pandemic of COVID-19 in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul A B S T R A C TThe pandemic caused by the coronavirus triggered the possibility of the crisis in several segments, especially with the adoption of social isolation, the main action for the control of the infectious disease, therefore, the present study is justified by the concern in relation to the trends of sustainable development in the post-pandemic of COVID-19, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Measuring the degree of sustainability of the municipalities follows the thesis that the greater the degree of sustainability of the municipalities, the less the impact of the pandemic, and the greater the resources to restore balance. The objective of the research is to analyze the spatial distribution of the potential for sustainability in the post-pandemic of COVID-19, in the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, in order to generate a risk map with less and greater potential for sustainability in the post- pandemic. This study was carried out by means of an ecological analysis and application of the Barometer of sustainability, later the distribution and spatial analysis was carried out by means of the Moran Index. The spatial analysis, performed by calculating the Moran Index, showed significant spatial independence for confirmed cases (I = 0.058; p = 0.024) and deaths (I = 0.032; p = 0.039), and a significant, albeit weak, correlation. for the incidence coefficient (I = 0.234; p = 0.001) of COVID-19. Spatiality does not explain the distribution of cases and deaths. However, when taking into account the population size of the municipalities, in relation to the number of cases, expressed by the incidence coefficient, the spatial aggregation gains merit. The potential for sustainability was estimated and the risk map of the potential for sustainability was generated, in the post-pandemic of COVID-19, for the municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul.Keywords: Moran index; Sustainability Barometer; Sustainability Index; coronavirus; Pandemic.

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O monitoramento da Covid-19 através de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica: estratégias e desafios para a transparência de dados públicos no Rio Grande do Sul

10.31235/osf.io/a6f73 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Dagnino ◽

Lucas Manassi Panitz ◽

Eliseu José Weber ◽

Marcos Wellausen Dias de Freitas ◽

Guilherme Garcia de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Indigenous Populations ◽

North Coast ◽

Multidisciplinary Teams ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

The North ◽

The Impact

From the first cases of Covid-19 in Rio Grande do Sul, in March 2020, we started monitoring the pandemic using an online Geographic Information System (GIS). Within the SIG Litoral Project, from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, we developed the platform as a strategy to provide society with spatial analysis and organized data on the disease, bringing together researchers, scholarship holders and volunteers. The portal, focused on health communication, allows the visualization of data on the global, national and regional scales, in addition to monitoring the indigenous populations of the Amazon and mapping the solidarity networks in the North Coast of Rio Grande do Sul. In the article in question, we mainly focus on monitoring Covid-19 in Rio Grande do Sul, addressing the tools used, the challenges to obtaining data and some spatial analysis performed. We show divergences between data sources, indicating the problem of underreporting and the different methodologies employed by health surveillance systems. Finally, we address the impact of the monitoring of Covid-19, having a positive impact on society by providing transparency to official data, contributing to the plurality of the debate, the interaction of multidisciplinary teams and the academic training of students.

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Cohort study of ageing from Bagé (SIGa-Bagé), Brazil: profile and methodology

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11078-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elaine Thumé ◽

Marciane Kessler ◽

Karla P. Machado ◽

Bruno P. Nunes ◽

Pamela M. Volz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Care ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Primary Health ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The Bagé Cohort Study of Ageing is a population-based cohort study that has recently completed the first follow-up of a representative sample of older adults from Bagé, a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This is one of the first longitudinal studies to assess the impact of primary health care coverage on health conditions and inequalities. Our aim is to investigate the prevalence, incidence and trends of risk factors, health behaviours, social relationships, non-communicable diseases, geriatric diseases and disorders, hospitalisation, self-perceived health, and all-cause and specific-cause mortality. In addition, we aim to evaluate socioeconomic and health inequalities and the impact of primary health care on the outcomes under study. Methods/design The study covers participants aged 60 or over, selected by probabilistic (representative) sampling of the urban area of the city of Bagé, which is covered by Primary Health Care Services. The baseline examination included 1593 older adults and was conducted from July 2008 to November 2008. After eight to nine years (2016/2017), the first follow-up was conducted from September 2016 to August 2017. All participants underwent an extensive core assessment programme including structured interviews, questionnaires, cognitive testing (baseline and follow-up), physical examinations and anthropometric measurements (follow-up). Results Of the original participants, 1395 (87.6%) were located for follow-up: 757 elderly individuals (47.5%) were re-interviewed, but losses in data transfer occurred for 22. The remaining 638 (40.1%) had died. In addition, we had 81 (5.1%) refusals and 117 (7.3%) losses. Among the 1373 older adults who were followed down, there was a higher proportion of female interviewees (p=0.042) and a higher proportion of male deaths (p=0.001) in 2016/2017. There were no differences in losses and refusals according to gender (p=0.102). There was a difference in average age between the interviewees (68.8 years; SD ±6.5) and non-interviewees (73.2 years; SD ±9.0) (p<0.001). Data are available at the Department of Social Medicine in Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, for any collaboration.

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Bovine rabies in Rio Grande do Sul: positivity rates, geographical distribution, and seasonal occurrence

Acta Veterinaria Brasilica ◽

10.21708/avb.2021.15.4.10072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 267-274

Author(s):

Bruno Egídio Cappelari ◽

Jéssica Grace da Silveira ◽

Julio César de Almeida Rosa ◽

José Carlos Ferreira ◽

Giovana Dantas

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Geographical Distribution ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Viral Encephalitis ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Seasonal Occurrence ◽

Human Rabies ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

The Impact

Rabies is a zoonotic disease characterized by acute viral encephalitis. It is almost 100% fatal for infected animals. While cases of human rabies have still been registered in Brazil, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul rabies is considered a controlled disease in urban areas. However, the transmission of bovine rabies – which has been largely associated with the Desmodus rotundus bat – is endemic. Additionally, there are estimates that only 10% of rabies cases are reported. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the positivity rates, geographical distribution, and seasonal occurrence of bovine rabies in RS, as well as the sampling practices in rabies surveillance. Using samples submitted for laboratory diagnosis from 2016 to 2019, we conducted a retrospective study of the sample results, positivity rates, and seasonal occurrence of rabies in cattle. Throughout these four years, less than a third of state municipalities sent samples for diagnosis, suggesting that the occurrence of rabies might still be underestimated in non-sampled areas. A higher number of rabies cases were reported in 2019, a year in which the most diagnosed samples and the highest positivity percentages were recorded. However, the case numbers registered between 2016 and 2019 were not significantly different. We found that the summer and autumn months presented statistically different positivity rates. Besides this, we did not find any positive D. rotundus samples, despite the positivity rates for bovine rabies. Active surveillance, especially of bat populations and under-sampled regions, must be strengthened to correctly estimate the impact of rabies.

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Study of Potential Climate for Sugarcane Production in the State of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil, By Means of Geoprocessing

Computational Methods for Agricultural Research ◽

10.4018/978-1-61692-871-1.ch006 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 96-106

Author(s):

Fernando Soares ◽

José Alba ◽

Elódio Sebem ◽

Marcos Wrege

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Local Scale ◽

The State ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Gis Technology ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Climate Study

A potential climate study for sugarcane of a sector of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil is presented here. GIS technology was applied for evaluation of the risk of frost and for integration of spatial data. The problem was focused in regional scale and in local scale (Municipality of Jaguari). Results showed that cultivation can be programmed in order to obtain physiological maturity before the period of risk of frost, thus avoiding low production. Spatial analysis of the information allows rapid perspective for productivity of sugarcane in a specific territory. The Municipality of Jaguari has large potential for cultivation of sugarcane because of the absence of the risk of frost. Its productivity allows for expansion into suitable neighboring areas. Also, geoprocessing combined with the study of climate and soil appears as a significant tool for interpreting the areas with aptitude for production of sugarcane or for the industry of sugar and alcohol.

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An appropriate data set size for digital soil mapping in Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832013000200007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 359-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alexandre ten Caten ◽

Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin ◽

Fabrício de Araújo Pedron ◽

Luis Fernando Chimelo Ruiz ◽

Carlos Antônio da Silva

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Northern Region ◽

Soil Mapping ◽

Digital Soil Mapping ◽

Digital Information ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Predictive Capacity ◽

Data Set ◽

Data Volume ◽

The Impact

Digital information generates the possibility of a high degree of redundancy in the data available for fitting predictive models used for Digital Soil Mapping (DSM). Among these models, the Decision Tree (DT) technique has been increasingly applied due to its capacity of dealing with large datasets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the data volume used to generate the DT models on the quality of soil maps. An area of 889.33 km² was chosen in the Northern region of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The soil-landscape relationship was obtained from reambulation of the studied area and the alignment of the units in the 1:50,000 scale topographic mapping. Six predictive covariates linked to the factors soil formation, relief and organisms, together with data sets of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % of the total data volume, were used to generate the predictive DT models in the data mining program Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA). In this study, sample densities below 5 % resulted in models with lower power of capturing the complexity of the spatial distribution of the soil in the study area. The relation between the data volume to be handled and the predictive capacity of the models was best for samples between 5 and 15 %. For the models based on these sample densities, the collected field data indicated an accuracy of predictive mapping close to 70 %.

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Spatial Analysis of Forest Fragmentation in the Atlantic Forest Bioma Areas

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n12p294 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

Juliana Marchesan ◽

Rudiney Soares Pereira ◽

Elisiane Alba ◽

Letícia Daiane Pedrali

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Forest Fragmentation ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Matrix Effects ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Native Forest ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

R Language

The goal of this work was to calculate landscape ecology metrics using the R language, allowing the analysis of forest fragments under the Atlantic Forest domain located in the sub-basin of Arroio Jaquirana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the mapping of the forest fragments, we used images from the REIS/RapidEye sensor dated 2016, and the classification was supervised through the Bhattacharya algorithm. The fragments were analyzed in seven size classes, to separate them and to calculate the landscape metrics it was used R language. The results attained demonstrated that the native forest occupied 34.01% of the study area, covering a total of 1,995 fragments, of which 93.43% were less than 5 ha. The highest values of edge and perimeter-area ratio were found in the small fragments indicating a greater edge effect, with the central areas of these remnants being exposed to the external matrix effects. Thus, it is concluded that the Atlantic Forest is highly fragmented and is extremely important to establish measures to minimize the effects and/or increase the connectivity between the fragments through ecological corridors using the smaller fragments, in addition, it makes necessary the development of public policies and research for the management of the region in order to preserve the remnants.

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AVALIAÇÃO DO WRF-4DVAR EM UM CASO DE EVENTO SEVERO NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Ciência e Natura ◽

10.5902/2179460x18698 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 1077

Author(s):

Luana Ribeiro Macedo ◽

João Luiz Martins Basso ◽

Yoshihiro Yamasaki

Keyword(s):

Data Assimilation ◽

Meteorological Data ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Real Data ◽

Radar Reflectivity ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Mesoscale System ◽

Accumulated Rainfall ◽

Reflectivity Data ◽

The Impact

The WRF mesoscale system 4DVAR data assimilation technique have been used with the purpose of evaluating the impact of the meteorological data assimilation on the numeric time prognosis over the Rio Grande do Sul state. It has been done utilizing the surface and altitude data. The consistency analysis has been done evaluating the numerical prognosis exploring the differences between the analysis with and without data assimilation. The produced prognosis results have been compared spatially using the TRMM satellite data as well as the Canguçu radar reflectivity data. The accumulated rainfall has been validated and compared spatially with the TRMM data for the time period of 12 hours comprehended between October 29th and 30th of 2014. It was possible to realize that as well as the WRF, the WRFVAR overestimated the rainfall values. The radar reflectivity field without data assimilation for October 30th at 06:00UTC detected most accurately the reflectivity centers over the state. On the other hand this field with data assimilation did not present good skill. The temperature field analyses reveal that the 4DVAR assimilation system contributes, one way or another, presenting a little improvement for some points compared to the real data.

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PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 E PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE DO IDOSO NA PERSPECTIVA DE TRABALHADORES DA SAÚDE

Revista Políticas Públicas ◽

10.18764/2178-2865.v25n1p199-211 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Xavéle Braatz Petermann ◽

Sheila Kocourek

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The Elderly ◽

Support Network ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Primary Health ◽

The Impact

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 na promoção da saúde do idoso na perspectiva de trabalhadores da saúde da atenção primária. Trata de um estudo de caso, transversal e qualitativo desenvolvido em um município de pequeno porte do interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Participaram sete trabalhadores, sendo a amostra intencional, por conveniência e saturação. Os dados foram coletados mediante grupo focal e entrevistais individuais e analisados por meio da análise temática. As categorias que denotaram a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 na promoção da saúde do idoso compreenderam o distanciamento da rede de suporte social e a rede de apoio familiar. Os resultados encontrados retrataram o impacto da pandemia na vida dos idosos, em especial na saúde mental e emocional, sendo necessárias diretrizes de continuidade das ações de promoção da saúde.PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 AND HEALTH PROMOTION OF THE ELDERLY FROM THE HEALTH WORKERS PERSPECTIVEAbstractThis study aimed to analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the promotion of elderly health from the perspective of primary health care workers. This is a case study, cross-sectional and qualitative developed in a small city in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Seven workers participated, the sample being intentional, for convenience and saturation. Data were collected through a focus group and individual interviews and analyzed through thematic analysis. The categories that denoted the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic in promoting the health of the elderly included the distance from the social support network and the family support network. The results found portrayed the impact of the pandemic on the lives of the elderly, especially on mental and emotional health, requiring guidelines for the continuity of health promotion actions.Keywords: Health Promotion. Elderly. COVID-19. Health worker. Primary Health Care.

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Ameaças da judicialização da saúde à integridade do sistema de saúde segundo a teoria dos sistemas sociais de Niklas Luhmann: uma análise a partir dos dados do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul em 2018

Revista Derecho y Salud | Universidad Blas Pascal ◽

10.37767/2591-3476(2020)13 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 148-157

Author(s):

Tarsila Rorato Crusius ◽

Mártin Perius Haeberlin

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Political System ◽

Social Systems ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Niklas Luhmann ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Know How ◽

Systems Perspective ◽

El Sistema ◽

The Impact

El estudio busca comprender cómo la judicialización puede comprometer la integridad del sistema de la salud, desde la perspectiva de la Teoría General de los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann. Para esto, primero busca saber cómo las decisiones judiciales actúan como irritaciones para el sistema de la salud. Despues, analiza el impacto de estas decisiones en el sistema, basándose en datos de la judicialización en Rio Grande do Sul, en 2018. Finalmente, analiza los riesgos para la integridad del sistema de salud representado por la judicialización, así como las respuestas del sistema político brasileño. Se presume que las respuestas del sistema de la salud a las amenazas planteadas por la judicialización dependen de las respuestas de otros sistemas sociales. La metodología es exploratoria, con investigación bibliográfica. Se concluye que la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas sociales a estas irritaciones definirá la posibilidad de mantener su integridad y diferenciación. O estudo busca compreender como a judicialização pode comprometer a integridade do sistema da saúde na perspectiva da Teoria Geral dos Sistemas Sociais de Niklas Luhmann. Para isso, primeiramente busca conhecer como decisões judiciais atuam como irritações ao sistema da saúde. Em um segundo momento, analisa o impacto destas decisões no sistema, a partir dos dados da judicialização em saúde no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2018. Por fim analisa os riscos à integridade do sistema da saúde representados pela judicialização, bem como as respostas estruturadas pelo sistema político brasileiro. Parte-se da hipótese de que as respostas do sistema da saúde às ameaças representadas pela judicialização da saúde dependem das respostas de outros sistemas sociais. A metodologia é de caráter exploratório, com realização de pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui-se que a capacidade de resposta dos sistemas sociais a estas irritações definirá a possibilidade de manutenção de sua integridade e diferenciação. This study seeks to understand how judicialization may compromise the integrity of the health system from Niklas Luhmann’s General Theory of Social Systems perspective. For this, it first seeks to know how judicial decisions act as irritations to the health system. Secondly, it analyzes the impact of these decisions on the system, based on data from health judicialization in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2018. Finally, it analyzes the risks to the integrity of the health system represented by judicialization, as well as the responses structured by the Brazilian political system. It is hypothesized that health system responses to threats posed by judicialization depend on responses from other social systems. The methodology is exploratory, with bibliographical research. It is concluded that the responsiveness of social systems to these irritations will define the possibility of maintaining their integrity and differentiation.

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Avaliação da influência do tipo de cobrança e da composição do tráfego sobre o desempenho operacional de praças de pedágio

TRANSPORTES ◽

10.14295/transportes.v18i3.448 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marta Rodrigues Obelheiro ◽

Marcelo Leismann de Oliveira ◽

Helena Beatriz Bettella Cybis

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

The State ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Collection System ◽

Electronic Toll Collection ◽

Toll Plazas ◽

Service Times ◽

Toll Collection ◽

Toll Plaza ◽

The Impact

Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o impacto da composição do tráfego e das condições de cobrança na capacidade de praças de pedágio. As variações das condições de cobrança de pedágio avaliadas neste estudo incluem reduções nos tempos de atendimento nas cabines manuais, bem como os impactos decorrentes da adoção, e crescente adesão, dos usuários à cobrança eletrônica de pedágio. As informações sobre tempos de atendimento utilizados no estudo correspondem a dados reais coletados em praças de pedágio do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. As análises foram realizadas a partir da simulação de uma praça de pedágio através do software de microssimulação VISSIM. Os resultados evidenciaram e quantificaram o aumento de capacidade das praças associado ao treinamento de arrecadadores e à adoção de tarifas que facilitam o troco. Neste estudo melhorias associadas a estas medidas corresponderam a um aumento de até 19% na capacidade da praça. Melhorias bem mais significativas de desempenho, entretanto, podem ser atingidas com o aumento da adesão dos usuários ao sistema de cobrança eletrônica de pedágio.Abstract: This study aims to assess the impact of the composition of traffic and charging conditions on the capacity of toll plazas. The toll charging conditions evaluated in this study include the reductions in service times at manual toll booths, the introduction of electronic toll collection and the increase in electronic collection compliance rates. Service times adopted in this study correspond to data collected at toll plazas of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Analyses presented in this paper are based on toll plaza simulations through the microsimulation software VISSIM. The simulation outcomes evidenced and quantified the capacity increase associated with collectors training and the adoption of fares that simplified the change. In this study, improvements associated with these measures corresponded to an increase of up to 19% of the plaza capacity. More significant improvements in performance, however, can be achieved by increasing the compliance of the electronic toll collection system.

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