scholarly journals Variações Termo-Higrométricas e Estudo de Ilha de Calor Urbana na Cidade de Bragança-PA e Circunvizinhança (Thermo-Hygrometric Variations and Study of Urban Heat Island in the City of Bragança-PA and Surrounding Region)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Abnoã Da Costa Costa ◽  
Hernani Rodrigues ◽  
Jefferson Costa ◽  
Paulo Souza ◽  
Joao Silva Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Estudou-se algumas variáveis e parâmetros meteorológicos no período de 17 a 21 de novembro de 2014, na cidade de Bragança-PA e circunvizinhança, com a finalidade de entender como elas interferem no microclima da cidade e com isso fazer um estudo com a finalidade de obter uma breve característica do microclima na região. Os resultados mostraram que houveram diferenças de temperaturas entre os pontos, ou seja, algumas características de cada local influenciaram no aumento ou diminuição da temperatura do ar. A relação dos dados com as características de uso e ocupação do solo demonstrou uma influência significativa onde havia vegetação, devido a diminuição da temperatura do ar noturna e, consequentemente, minimização das ilhas de calor. Foi verificado também que as áreas com maior ocupação com construções e com maior pavimentação perderam menos calor, levando à formação de pequenas ilhas de calor noturnas mais intensas. Assim percebeu-se que na cidade, bem como aquelas que passaram por processos de urbanização, segundo literatura, possuem ilha de calor, que consiste em temperaturas mais elevadas durante a noite, causando assim o desconforto humano. Com isso, as alterações microclimáticas na cidade de Bragança-PA, assim como em outros centros urbanos, em geral são causadas pela ação antrópica e que interferem na qualidade de vida da população. Este trabalho é importante para a publicação nesta revista devida a sua contribuição cientifica para a sociedade.     A B S T R A C T We studied some variables and meteorological parameters in the period from 17 to 21 November 2014 in the city of Bragança-PA and surrounding region, in order to understand how they impact on the city's microclimate and thus make a study for the purpose of get a brief characteristic of the microclimate in the region. The results showed that there were differences in temperature between the points, that is, some features of each local influence on the increase or decrease of air temperature. The relationship of the data with the characteristics of use and land cover showed a significant influence where there was vegetation, because influenced the decrease in the night air temperature and thus minimize heat islands. It was also found that the areas with higher occupancy with buildings and more paving lost less heat, leading to the formation of smaller more intense nocturnal heat islands. So it was noticed that in the city, as well as those who have gone through processes of urbanization, according to literature, have heat island, consisting of higher temperatures during the night, thus causing certain human discomfort. With that, the microclimate changes in the city of Bragança-PA, as well as other urban centers in general are caused by human activities that interfere with people's quality of life. This work is important for publication in the magazine due to their scientific contribution to society Keywords: Bragança-PA, heat island, air temperature.   

scholarly journals Visualising a comparison of simulated urban heat islands: a case study of two Slovakian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Feranec ◽  
Juraj Holec ◽  
Pavel Šťastný ◽  
Daniel Szatmári ◽  
Monika Kopecká
Keyword(s):  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Computer Animations ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Temperature increases in cities affects inhabitants’ quality of life, justifying the extent of research focusing on identifying, analysing, and assessing the relationship between the density of urban fabric represented by land cover/land use (LC/LU) classes and manifestation of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. This paper delimits LC/LU classes for the urban Bratislava (2,117&amp;thinsp;ha of class 12110 dominated in 2016) and Trnava (598 ha of class 12120 dominated in 2016). The greatest median air temperature over 33&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C (at 18:00) was derived with the MUKLIMO model for the class <i>Continuous urban fabric with the sealing degree &amp;gt;&amp;thinsp;80%</i> in Bratislava. The graphic outputs improve our perception and evaluation of the LC/LU and UHI relationship. The information potential of the graphical outputs may increase through use of computer animations to represent the temperature changes during day or the temperature changes among years.</p>

scholarly journals Ilhas de calor urbano em cidade do semiárido nordestino

GeoTextos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Maria Oliveira Silva ◽  
Marcelo De Oliveira Moura ◽  
Vinicius Ferreira Luna
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Intensity Category ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

<p>A pesquisa pautou-se nas concepções do Sistema Clima Urbano de Monteiro (1976) e procurou identificar e mapear as ilhas de calor urbano na cidade do Crato-CE, em dois períodos sazonais do ano. Para isso, foram selecionados 10 pontos experimentais distribuídos em bairros na zona urbana da cidade, e aferiram-se dados de temperatura do ar com termohigrômetros instalados em abrigos meteorológicos durante os meses de abril (mês chuvoso) e outubro (mês seco). A partir da coleta de dados, a categoria predominante de intensidade das Ilhas de Calor intra e interurbana para a cidade do Crato foi o de ‘Média magnitude’. O horário que ocorre a maior intensidade da ilha de calor é pela tarde, 14h, com valores superiores a 5ºC de diferença de um local para o outro. Os bairros mais densamente ocupados e com baixa cobertura vegetal apresentaram os maiores valores de temperatura, enquanto que, nos que se localizam mais próximos da encosta da chapada e com vegetação mais densa, ocorreram as temperaturas mais amenas.</p><p>Abstract</p><p>URBAN HEAT ISLANDS IN CITY OF THE NORTHEAST SEMIARID</p><p>The research was based on the conceptions of the Monteiro Urban Climate System (1976) and sought to identify and map the urban heat islands in the city of Crato/ Ce in two seasonal periods of the year. For this, 10 experimental points were selected and distributed in neighborhoods in the urban area of the city and air temperature data was measured with thermohygrometers installed in meteorological shelters during the months of April (rainy month) and October (dry month). From the data collection, the predominant intensity category of the intra and interurban Heat Islands for the city of Crato was that of ‘Medium magnitude’. The time that occurs the greatest intensity of the heat island is in the afternoon, 14h, with values above 5ºC of difference from one place to another. The most densely occupied neighborhoods and with low vegetation cover had the highest temperature values, while those located closer to the slope of the plateau and with more dense vegetation, the milder temperatures occurred.</p>

scholarly journals VERIFICATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF URBAN GEOMETRY ON THE NOCTURNAL HEAT ISLAND INTENSITY

2013 ◽  
pp. 286-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Mayumi Nakata ◽  
Léa Cristina Lucas de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Geometry ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Heat Buildup

Nocturnal heat island formation is a prominent phenomenon in urban planning research and thermal comfort. It is characterized by an increased air temperature from the periphery to the center of the cities and is partly caused by the urban geometry. The phenomenon is a result of the influence of the characteristics of urbanization, which alter the energy balance of the cities. Among surveys in this context, the model proposed by Oke (1981) shows its relevance in the area. Using simulations with reduced models, Oke found that the fraction of visible sky negatively correlated with the heat buildup on the surfaces and increased the air temperature. The relationship between the height of the buildings and the width of the path (H/W ratio, height/width) was used to measure the urban geometry in this previous study. Based on that study, this research verified the role of geometry in the formation of an urban heat island in a Brazilian city, aiming to adapt this model to real urban conditions. The methodological procedures rely on the following steps: a study of a theoretical-numerical base model (Oke model, 1981) and adjustment (validation). Thus, the methodology to be employed included urban data collection, which included urban geometry and air temperature, the application of the Oke model and its adjustment. The results found in this investigation corroborate the study of Oke (1981) and demonstrate that urban geometry effectively contributes to the formation of nocturnal heat islands.

scholarly journals A High-Resolution Monitoring Approach of Canopy Urban Heat Island using Random Forest Model and Multi-platform Observations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihan Chen ◽  
Yuanjian Yang ◽  
Fei Deng ◽  
Yanhao Zhang ◽  
Duanyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Anthropogenic Heat ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Abstract. Due to rapid urbanization and intense human activities, the urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a more concerning climatic and environmental issue. A high spatial resolution canopy UHI monitoring method would help better understand the urban thermal environment. Taking the city of Nanjing in China as an example, we propose a method for evaluating canopy UHI intensity (CUHII) at high resolution by using remote sensing data and machine learning with a Random Forest (RF) model. Firstly, the observed environmental parameters [e.g., surface albedo, land use/land cover, impervious surface, and anthropogenic heat flux (AHF)] around densely distributed meteorological stations were extracted from satellite images. These parameters were used as independent variables to construct an RF model for predicting air temperature. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and observed air temperature in the test set was 0.73, and the average root-mean-square error was 0.72 °C. Then, the spatial distribution of CUHII was evaluated at 30-m resolution based on the output of the RF model. We found that wind speed was negatively correlated with CUHII, and wind direction was strongly correlated with the CUHII offset direction. The CUHII reduced with the distance to the city center, due to the de-creasing proportion of built-up areas and reduced AHF in the same direction. The RF model framework developed for real-time monitoring and assessment of high-resolution CUHII provides scientific support for studying the changes and causes of CUHII, as well as the spatial pattern of urban thermal environments.

scholarly journals Urban heat island in Bloemfontein during winter

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Snyman ◽  
A. Stephen Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Local Topography ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City

Urban heat islands (UHIs) are characterised by warmer urban air temperatures compared to rural air temperatures, and the intensity is equal to the difference between the two. Air temperatures are measured at various sites across the city of Bloemfontein and then analysed to determine the UHI characteristics. The UHI is found to have a horseshoe shape and reaches a maximum intensity of 8.2 °C at 22:00. The UHI is largely affected by the local topography.

Sustentabilidade, cultura, lazer e a ocupação dos espaços públicos nas Cidades MIL

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
B. Machado Mazzetti ◽  
F. Chibás Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Body Awareness ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Body Practices ◽  
The Universe

This article seeks to reflect on the already existing and inseparable rela­ tionships between society, sustainability, culture and leisure, bringing to the core of the reflection the concept of MIL Cities (Media Information as a potential scenario for developing new urban, human, cul­ tural and technological. Initially, a review of the concept of leisure was made, addressing its foundational pillars and cultural contents, poste­ riorly the relationship between individual and quality of life in cities is explained, through body practices and body awareness, as well as through environmental practices and the promotion of an increasingly active and collective environmental awareness. The relationship of oc­ cupation, belonging and right to the city is also addressed and, precisely at this point, the potential for the use of new technologies by the private sector, public authorities and civil society in the construction and appli­ cation of possibilities that permeate the universe of MIL Cities.

scholarly journals Changes in the Water Temperature of Rivers Impacted by the Urban Heat Island: Case Study of Suceava City

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei-Emil Briciu ◽  
Dumitru Mihăilă ◽  
Adrian Graur ◽  
Dinu Iulian Oprea ◽  
Alin Prisăcariu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
River Water ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City ◽  
River Water Temperature

Cities alter the thermal regime of urban rivers in very variable ways which are not yet deciphered for the territory of Romania. The urban heat island of Suceava city was measured in 2019 and its impact on Suceava River was assessed using hourly and daily values from a network of 12 water and air monitoring stations. In 2019, Suceava River water temperature was 11.54 °C upstream of Suceava city (Mihoveni) and 11.97 °C downstream (Tişăuţi)—a 3.7% increase in the water temperature downstream. After the stream water passes through the city, the diurnal thermal profile of Suceava River water temperature shows steeper slopes and earlier moments of the maximum and minimum temperatures than upstream because of the urban heat island. In an average day, an increase of water temperature with a maximum of 0.99 °C occurred downstream, partly explained by the 2.46 °C corresponding difference between the urban floodplain and the surrounding area. The stream water diurnal cycle has been shifted towards a variation specific to that of the local air temperature. The heat exchange between Suceava River and Suceava city is bidirectional. The stream water diurnal thermal cycle is statistically more significant downstream due to the heat transfer from the city into the river. This transfer occurs partly through urban tributaries which are 1.94 °C warmer than Suceava River upstream of Suceava city. The wavelet coherence analyses and ANCOVA (analysis of covariance) prove that there are significant (0.95 confidence level) causal relationships between the changes in Suceava River water temperature downstream and the fluctuations of the urban air temperature. The complex bidirectional heat transfer and the changes in the diurnal thermal profiles are important to be analysed in other urban systems in order to decipher in more detail the observed causal relationships.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF RECREATIONAL AREAS BY USING DISTURBED URBAN LANDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
R. Galdin ◽  
N. Aleinikova ◽  
T. Yarmosh
Keyword(s):  
Aesthetic Perception ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the problems of disturbed lands that are part of urban territories, the need for reclamation and the creation of recreational spaces based on them. There are a large number of quarries on the territory of the Belgorod region, many of which are no longer functioning and they need to be transformed. The work in this direction entails an improvement in the environmental situation, increases the quality of the urban environment and makes these objects attractive for investment. The authors consider the main factors affecting the reclamation of the territory, analyze the types of soil and identify the relationship of geodesy with the architectural component of reclamation, present foreign and domestic experience in solving problems related to disturbed lands, comply a table of the main quarries of the Belgorod region in order to identify features characteristic of this region. As a result of the research, proposals and methods are put forward, taking into account regional peculiarities, for the reclamation of a chalk quarry in order to create a recreational space and then integrate it into the forest park framework in Belgorod, which will lead to an improvement in the environmental situation and aesthetic perception of the city as a whole.

scholarly journals Análise da demanda de vagas na educação superior como principio de formação docente no munícipio de Paço do Lumiar / Analysis of job demand for vancancies in higher education as a principle of teacher training in city of Paço do Lumiar

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Walquiria Pereira da Silva Dias ◽  
Julio França Dias
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
History Of Higher Education ◽  
Training Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

<p>Ao considerar os desafios inerentes à educação, a formação docente apresenta-se enquanto tema em constante discussão. Assim sendo, refletir acerca da qualidade dos cursos oferecidos é essencial para a construção sólida das bases formativas dos profissionais atuantes no mercado de trabalho. Nesse contexto, o munícipio de Paço do Lumiar, devido ao desenvolvimento populacional e de infraestrutura, tem apresentado um aumento na demanda de vagas de cursos superiores. Desse modo, esta produção aborda a relação da oferta/demanda de vagas com a qualidade dos cursos voltados à formação docente, no munício luminense. Para tanto, os embasamentos teóricos, a partir da análise de dados e documentos, fixaram-se na legislação, na história da educação superior no Brasil e no panorama atual da educação básica de Paço Lumiar. A presente pesquisa concretizou-se no Instituto Superior Franciscano (IESF), instituição de referência na localidade, junto aos graduandos de pedagogia, a partir de entrevistas e questionários. Destarte, este estudo é oriundo das inquietações dos autores acerca da educação, a qual possui com um de seus pilares a formação de profissionais competentes e qualificados.</p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave</strong>: educação, desenvolvimento social, formação docente, qualidade.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Considering the challenges of education, teacher training is presented as a subject in constant discussion. Therefore, reflecting on the quality of the courses offered is essential to the solid construction of the training bases of professionals working in the job market. In this context, the city of Paço do Lumiar, due to population development and infrastructure, has shown an increase in demand for higher education places. Thus, this production approaches the relationship of supply / demand for vacancies with the quality of courses focused on teacher training, in this city. Therefore, the theoretical grounds, from the data and document analysis, were fixed in legislation in the history of higher education in Brazil and the current situation of basic education in Paço do Lumiar. This research has been made at the Franciscan Institute (IESF), a reference institution in the town, with pedagogy of graduate students, by interviews and questionnaires. Thus, this study arises from the concerns of the authors about education, which has one of its pillars with the formation of competent and qualified professionals.</p><p><strong>Keywords : </strong>education, social development, teacher training, quality.</p><p> </p>

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