scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BLOOD GROUPS, CAST AND BLG GENES ON PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SHEEP AND GOATS OF THE ALTAY REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
G. M. Goncharenko ◽  
N. V. Grishina ◽  
T. S. Khoroshilova ◽  
I. V. Romanchuk ◽  
T. B. Kargachakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Dna Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cast Gene

The use of genetic markers in addition to traditional methods of animal selection with desirable genotypes allows to increase the share of animals with high productivity in the next generations and ensures improvement of breeding efficiency. Genetic features of the Prikatun type of the Gorno-Altay semi-fine wool breed of sheep and the white downy goat breed in the Republic of Altay were studied by the method of immunogenetic and molecular genetic analysis. The frequency of antigenic factors was identified and the index of genetic similarity between goats and sheep and their separate herds was calculated. Gene polymorphism of β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and calpastatin (CAST) was revealed by the method of DNA diagnosis. Population and genetic characteristics of the herds was studied by the genes specified. Associative genotype relation to productivity and quality of the produce obtained was analyzed. The index of genetic similarity between the goats and the sheep was at the level of 0.713, between the separate herds of the goats the index was 0.861. The ratio of genotypes in the BLG gene determined by PCR analysis in the white downy goats was S1S1– 16.1%; S1S2– 50.6%; S2S2– 33.3%. In the Prikatun type two genotypes were identified in this gene: BB with the frequency of 59.2%, and AB – 40.8%. Two different alleles were identified in the CAST gene of sheep (M and N). The genotype MM was the predominant variant in the CAST sheep gene, whose frequency was 88%. The frequency of occurrence of animals with NN genotype was 1%, MN – 11%. It was shown that the gene equilibrium in the herds was not broken, χ2= 0.931. It was noted that heterozygous goats (S1S2) by BLG gene had a higher live weight by 0.30-0.61 kg compared to other variants of BLG gene (p<0.05). It was also found that lambs with genotype MM of the CAST gene had a higher live weight by 5.5 kg than MN heterozygotes (p< 0.01). However, this difference was not revealed in other age and sex groups of animals.

scholarly journals The pattern of genetic diversity of different breeds of pigs based on microsatellite analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 747-754
Author(s):  
V. R. Kharzinova ◽  
N. A. Zinovieva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Large White ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Republic

One of the main tasks of genetics and animal breeding is the assessment of genetic diversity and the study of genetic relationships between different breeds and populations using molecular genetic analysis methods. We analysed the polymorphism of microsatellites and the information on the state of genetic diversity and the population structure of local breeds in Russia: the Kemerovo, the Berkshire, the Liven, the Mangalitsa, and the Civilian; in the Republic of Belarus: the Large White and the Black-and-White; and in Ukraine: the White Steppe, as well as commercial breeds of imported origin of domestic reproduction: the Large White, the Landrace, and the Duroc. The materials used for this study were the tissue and DNA samples extracted from 1,194 pigs and DNA of the UNU “Genetic material bank of domestic and wild animal species and birds” of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry. Polymorphisms of 10 microsatellites (S0155, S0355, S0386, SW24, SO005, SW72, SW951, S0101, SW240, and SW857) were determined according to the previously developed technique using DNA analyser ABI3130xl. To estimate the allele pool of each population, the average number of alleles (NA), the effective number of alleles (NE ) based on the locus, the rarified allelic richness (AR), the observed (HO ) and expected (HE ) heterozygosity, and the fixation index (FIS) were calculated. The degree of genetic differentiation of the breeds was assessed based on the pairwise values of FST and D. The analysis of the allelic and genetic diversity parameters of the local breeds showed that the maximum and minimum levels of polymorphism were observed in pigs of the Ukrainian White Steppe breed (NA = 6.500, NE = 3.709, and AR = 6.020) and in pigs of the Duroc breed (NA = 4.875, NE = 2.119, and AR = 3.821), respectively. The highest level of genetic diversity was found in the Large White breed of the Republic of Belarus (HO = 0.707 and NE = 0.702). The minimum level of genetic diversity was found in pigs of the imported breeds – the Landrace (HO = 0.459, HE = 0.400) and the Duroc (HO = 0.480, HE = 0.469) – indicating a high selection pressure in these breeds. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, the genetic origin of Large White pigs, the breeds, from which the Berkshire pigs originated, and the genetic detachment of the Landrace from the Mangalitsa breeds were revealed. The cluster analysis showed a genetic consolidation of the Black-and-White, the Berkshire, and the Mangalitsa pigs. Additionally, the imported breeds with clustering depending on the origin were characterised by a genetic structure different from that of the other breeds. The information obtained from these studies can serve as a guide for the management and breeding strategies of the pig breeds studied, to allow their better use and conservation.

Molecular Genetic Analysis of a Compound Heterozygote for the Glycoprotein (GP) IIb Gene Associated With Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia: Disruption of the 674-687 Disulfide Bridge in GPIIb Prevents Surface Exposure of GPIIb-IIIa Complexes

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 866-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo González-Manchón ◽  
Marta Fernández-Pinel ◽  
Elena G. Arias-Salgado ◽  
Milagros Ferrer ◽  
M.-Victoria Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Splice Junction ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
Platelet Content

Abstract This work was aimed at elucidating the molecular genetic lesion(s) responsible for the thrombasthenic phenotype of a patient whose low platelet content of glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa indicated that it was a case of type II Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT). The parents did not admit consanguinity and showed a reduced platelet content of GPIIb-IIIa. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis of genomic DNA showed no mutations in the patient’s GPIIIa and two novel mutations in the GPIIb gene: one of them was a heterozygous splice junction mutation, a C→A transversion, at position +2 of the exon 5-intron 5 boundary [IVS5(+2)C→A] inherited from the father. The predicted effect of this mutation, insertion of intron 5 (76 bp) into the GPIIb-mRNA, was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR analysis of platelet mRNA. The almost complete absence of this mutated form of GPIIb-mRNA suggests that it is very unstable. Virtually all of the proband’s GPIIb-mRNA was accounted for by the allele inherited from the mother showing a T2113→C transition that changes Cys674→Arg674 disrupting the 674-687 intramolecular disulfide bridge. The proband showed a platelet accumulation of proGPIIb and minute amounts of GPIIb and GPIIIa. Moreover, transfection and immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that [Arg674]GPIIb is capable of forming a heterodimer complex with GPIIIa, but the rate of subunit maturation and the surface exposure of GPIIb-IIIa are strongly reduced. Thus, the intramolecular 674-687 disulfide bridge in GPIIb is essential for the normal processing of GPIIb-IIIa complexes. The additive effect of these two GPIIb mutations provides the molecular basis for the thrombasthenic phenotype of the proband.

Molecular Genetic Analysis of a Compound Heterozygote for the Glycoprotein (GP) IIb Gene Associated With Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia: Disruption of the 674-687 Disulfide Bridge in GPIIb Prevents Surface Exposure of GPIIb-IIIa Complexes

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 866-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo González-Manchón ◽  
Marta Fernández-Pinel ◽  
Elena G. Arias-Salgado ◽  
Milagros Ferrer ◽  
M.-Victoria Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Splice Junction ◽  
Disulfide Bridge ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
Platelet Content

This work was aimed at elucidating the molecular genetic lesion(s) responsible for the thrombasthenic phenotype of a patient whose low platelet content of glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa indicated that it was a case of type II Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT). The parents did not admit consanguinity and showed a reduced platelet content of GPIIb-IIIa. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis of genomic DNA showed no mutations in the patient’s GPIIIa and two novel mutations in the GPIIb gene: one of them was a heterozygous splice junction mutation, a C→A transversion, at position +2 of the exon 5-intron 5 boundary [IVS5(+2)C→A] inherited from the father. The predicted effect of this mutation, insertion of intron 5 (76 bp) into the GPIIb-mRNA, was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR analysis of platelet mRNA. The almost complete absence of this mutated form of GPIIb-mRNA suggests that it is very unstable. Virtually all of the proband’s GPIIb-mRNA was accounted for by the allele inherited from the mother showing a T2113→C transition that changes Cys674→Arg674 disrupting the 674-687 intramolecular disulfide bridge. The proband showed a platelet accumulation of proGPIIb and minute amounts of GPIIb and GPIIIa. Moreover, transfection and immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that [Arg674]GPIIb is capable of forming a heterodimer complex with GPIIIa, but the rate of subunit maturation and the surface exposure of GPIIb-IIIa are strongly reduced. Thus, the intramolecular 674-687 disulfide bridge in GPIIb is essential for the normal processing of GPIIb-IIIa complexes. The additive effect of these two GPIIb mutations provides the molecular basis for the thrombasthenic phenotype of the proband.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SHIGELLA SONNEI-2013 STRAIN ISOLATED DURING THE OUTBREAK IN DYSENTERY IN THE REPUBLIC ABKHAZIA IN 2013

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
O. V. Vasileva ◽  
A. S. Volynkina ◽  
I. V. Kuznetsova ◽  
S. V. Pisarenko ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
The Republic

Aim. Study of molecular-genetic properties of Shigella sonnei-2013 strain isolated during the outbreak in dysentery in the republic Abkhazia in 2013. Materials and methods. Genetic typing of the tested strains using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Analyzed of nucleotide sequence fragments 7 of conservative «housekeeping» genes adk, fumC, icd, mdh, purA, recA, gyrB. Sequenced of DNA fragments compared with reference sequences from database of Escherichia coli MLST. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using UPGMA method and computer program START 2. Whole-genome sequencing performed on a genetic analyzer Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM™) using fragment libraries (shot-gun). Aligning reads have been carried out with the program GS Reference Mapper. Results. Defined sequence - type of the studied strain - ST-152, one of the most common genotypes for S. sonnei. Demonstrated the high degree of similarity obtained contig to the sequences of the chromosome and plasmids А, В, С и E strains S. sonnei 53G and S. sonnei Ss046. Identified contigs with a high percentage similarity to the sequence of virulence plasmid p026-Vir of E. coli 026:H11 (H30). In the genomic S. sonnei-2013 revealed nucleotide sequence of 136 genes were found located on the p026-Vir strain of E. coli 026:Н11 (НЗО). Discovered genes controlling biosynthesis of type IV pili involved in adhesion to abiotic surfaces and biofilm formation. Conclusion. Identified structural peculiarities of strain induced by fragments of virulence plasmid p026-Vir strain E. coli 026:H 11 (H30).

scholarly journals Comprehensive Assessment of Promising Potato Hybrids of Breeding VSC RAS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Gerieva ◽  
Viktoria Biryukova ◽  
Irina Gazdanova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
I 11 ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Optimal Protection

Using the traditional and marker-assisted selection methods, a comprehensive assessment of promising hybrids from the collection of the All-Russian Scientific Center was carried out. The assessment was conducted in 2018–2019 in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. As a result of molecular genetic analysis, hybrids were found with complex resistance to potato nematode, virus Y and X viruses - 2 / V, 5 / V, 6 / V, 17 / V, 40 / V, 43 / V, 46 / V, 54 / V, 124 / V, 9 / VI, 22a / VI, 35 / VI, 130 / VI, 71 / VII and 118 / VIII. Use of these selected forms allows optimal protection of potatoes, limitation of the spread of pathogens and prevention of the emergence of more aggressive pathotypes (races and strains). The hybrids with resistance to potato virus Y (with the presence of R-gene markers - 1/I, 3/I, 10/I, 13/I, 11/II, 15/III, 2/V, 5/V, 6/V, 7/V, 10/V/1140, 17/V, 40/V, 43/V, 46/V, 54/V, 124/V, 9/VI, 22a/VI, 35/VI, 100/VI, 130/VI, 71/VII) are of interest for practical breeding, as well as the hybrids with resistance to Phytophthora infestans such as 15/III, 119/IX and the hybrids 15 / III, 35 / VI, 130 / VI and 71 / VII, which have high marketable yield and weight of tuber. Keywords: potato, interspecific hybrids, marker-assisted breeding, resistance genes

Biological properties and molecular and genetic characteristics of plague microbe strains circulating in sandy natural plague foci of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Bacteriology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Z.Zh. Abdel ◽  
◽  
Т.V. Меkа-Меchеnkо ◽  
А.А. Аbdirasilova ◽  
R.S. Musagaliyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Parasitic System ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Atypical Strains

Since 2010, an active course of epizootics with the release of the plague pathogen, isolated from hosts and vectors has been established in 8 autonomous foci of the plague from 14 autonomous foci of the Central Asian plague focus in Kazakhstan. It was necessary to take into account the parameters of variability of the main component of the parasitic system – the plague microbe in the process of certification of landscape and epizootological zoning of natural foci of plague in Kazakhstan. The aim of the work was to study the phenotypic and genetic properties of strains of the plague microbe isolated in natural sandy plague foci of Kazakhstan. Materials and methods. The work used 1196 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated over the past 10 years (2010–2019) from natural sandy plague foci, strain passports, literature sources, data on certification of plague foci in Kazakhstan. The study of the strains was carried out by bacteriological, serological and molecular genetic methods. Results. Certification and typification of the territories of sandy plague foci were carried out, taking into account the phenotypic and molecular-genetic properties of Y. pestis strains isolated from 12 autonomous foci of the Central Asian plague focus of Kazakhstan in 2010–2019. According to the results of the study, 84 atypical strains were identified. As a result of the analysis, 18 genotypes were identified among the studied strains, of which 13 (72.2%) were unique and did not repeat in the sample. The remaining 5 genotypes formed 5 clusters, combining 20 strains (60.6%) and all strains were phylogenetically assigned to representatives of the Mediaevalis biovar. Key words: plague microbe, plague foci, phenotypic features, molecular genetic features

scholarly journals Pediatric Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcomas: A Review

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kumar ◽  
Manmohan Singh ◽  
Mehar C. Sharma ◽  
Sameer Bakshi ◽  
Bhawani S. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Treatment Failure Rate ◽  
Alive With Disease ◽  
Pubmed Search

Sclerosing RMS (SRMS) is a recently described subtype of RMS that has not yet been included in any of the classification systems for RMSs. We did pubmed search using keywords “sclerosing, and rhabdomyosarcomas” and included all pediatric cases (age ≤ 18 years) of SRMSs in this review. We also included our case of an eleven-year-old male child with skull base SRMS and discuss the clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and genetic characteristics of these patients. Till now, only 20 pediatric cases of SRMSs have been described in the literature. Pediatric SRMS more commonly affects males at a mean age of 9 years. Extremeties and head/neck regions were most commonly affected. Follow-up details were available for 16 patients with mean follow-up of 25.3 months. Treatment failure rate was 43.75%. Overall amongst these 16 patients, 10 were alive without disease, 4 were alive with disease, and two died. Thus, overall and disease-free survival amongst these 16 patients were 87.5% and 62.5%, respectively. The literature regarding clinical behaviour and outcome of pediatric patients with SRMSs is patchy. Detailed molecular/genetic analysis and clinicopathological characterization with longer follow-ups of more cases may throw some light on this possibly new subtype of RMS.

scholarly journals Study of Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary isolates in the planting of potatoes

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
N. V. Matsishina ◽  
P. V. Fisenko ◽  
O. A. Sobko ◽  
I. V. Kim ◽  
D. I. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Wide Range

Relevance. One of the most common diseases of potatoes and other nightshade family species is late blight caused by a pathogenic oomycete of the Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary. At least 100 species of phytophthora have been described in nature, affecting a wide range of plant species. The phytophthora population is heterogeneous and is represented by races, as well as different types of mating. This leads to a rapid adaptation of the pathogen and the emergence of new, more aggressive, and resistant races. Phytophthora is a parasite, the damage from which cannot be avoided within the organic farming framework. Therefore, it is particularly important to know the pathogenesis and racial composition of phytophthora in each individual region of Solanaceae cultivation.Research methodology. Differentiation and collection of material from the natural population were carried out using potato varieties with known R-genes in the genome. Isolation and introduction into the culture were carried out from leaves with the dampening chambers method, followed by cultivation on nutrient media. The pathogen was identified by microscopic analysis. Culture filtrates were obtained on the liquid nutritious medium, followed by liquid filtration and autoclaving. Phytotoxic activity was determined by the effect on the seedlings of the nightshade, grass, and pea families by the standard method. Molecular genetic analysis of the isolates was carried out by ISSR analysis; the primer, amplification mixture, and temperature profile of the reaction were selected according to the literature data; the calculation of genetic characteristics was carried out using POPGENE software packages.Results. Samples of seven Phytophthora infestans isolates were collected and introduced into culture. As a result of in vitro cultivation, morphological differences were revealed, expressed in the structure and color of the mycelium, the shape of the colonies, the nature of sporulation, the color of the reverse, and the medium under the colonies. The genetic differences of the natural phytophthora material introduced into the culture, collected from potato varieties with single resistance genes (R1, R3, R4), were revealed. Differences in the phytotoxic activity of the studied isolates' cultural filtrates were revealed. The isolated isolates demonstrate differentiation at the phenotypic, genetic and physiological levels, which allows us to speak about their belonging to races.

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